USTMA Temperature Sensitivity Analysis and Surface Validation Data
- Slides: 20
USTMA Temperature Sensitivity Analysis and Surface Validation Data 11 June 2018 Daniel Christ Sr. Traction Performance Engineer Michelin Americas Research Center
Key Questions • 1) Temperature range in San Angelo TX. – (Slides 4 -5) • 2) Justification for third category (US A/S) – (Slides 6 -17) – Recommendations from 2016 were based within the current R 117 framework. • 3) Is San Angelo Track in the R 117 window? – (slides 18 -19)
Temperature Sensitivity analysis utilizing the USTMA Temperature study data Three processing methods were considered: • “Unadjusted” - No temperature or surface grip level adjustment (a & b = 0). However, this presentation is only intended to comment on temperature effects. The grip compensation could still be applied if desired (b=? ) • “Normal” - Standard Summer tire compensation as specified for “Normal” tires in R 117 (a=-0. 4232, b=-8. 297) • “Snow” - Standard winter tire compensation as specified for “Snow” tires in R 117 (a=0. 7721, b=33. 18)
The R 117 “Snow” Tire Test Window Limits Testing Season (imagine snow campaigns for grading) San Angelo, Texas R 117 “Snow Tire” Test Window 5+ Months of being unable to test 2013 Data provided by NOAA’s KSJT station in San Angelo, Texas
The R 117 “Normal” Tire Test Window is Better for A/S Tires San Angelo, Texas R 117 “Normal Tire” Test Window R 117 “Snow Tire” Test Window 5+ Months of being unable to test 2013 Data provided by NOAA’s KSJT station in San Angelo, Texas
Unadjusted Is Temperature sensitivity different for A/S tires compared to other categories? 3 PMSF Linear Fits Used
“Normal” Summer tires have more natural temperature sensitivity than A/S tires in their usage temperature window Note: UHP A/S Slope (shown on both plots) is somewhere between A/S tires (with zero slope) and UHP (“Normal”) tires
The “normal” temperature window is more relevant than the “snow” window for All-Season tires, but the “normal” tire processing imparts an additional temperature sensitivity in the WGI for A/S tires Slightly less slope for UHP A/S also “Normal” Temp Window >1 Bin Less slope after adjustment More slope after adjustment
Treating A/S tires as “Normal” Pros: Appropriate temperature window Cons: Imparts additional temperature sensitivity “Normal” Temp Window >1 Bin More slope after adjustment
“Snow”* Tires show similar temperature sensitivity as A/S tires when left unadjusted but at a lower wet grip level * Note: Snow Category Includes M+S and 3 PMSF, but all “Snow” tires here are 3 PMSF
“Snow” Correction imparts unnatural boost to all data potentially to utilize the same grading scale as “Normal” tires “Snow” Temp Window ~1 Bin More slope after adjustment * Note: Snow Category Includes M+S and 3 PMSF, but all “Snow” tires here are 3 PMSF More slope after adjustment
Treating A/S tires as “Snow” Pros: Alignment with current R 117 “M+S”=“Snow” categorization Cons: Imparts additional temperature sensitivity + Restricted Window “Snow” Temp Window ~1 Bin More slope after adjustment
So which do we choose? Neither is really acceptable for A/S tires! “Snow” Temp Window “Normal” Temp Window >1 Bin More slope after adjustment ~1 Bin More slope after adjustment
What is needed is a third category somewhere in between that is designed specifically for A/S tires “Normal” Temp Window “Snow” Temp Window <1 Bin >1 Bin More slope after adjustment ~1 Bin More slope after adjustment
[2016] Recommendation for A/S tires • Full temperature range “Normal” Temp Window <1 Bin – Does not limit testing capabilities in US – Is representative of usage conditions • No temperature Correction – a = 0, b = ? – If an equation was developed for A/S tires we expect a ~= 0
3 Recommended Categories [2016] “Normal” Temp Window “Snow” Temp Window
ETRTO Round Robin Data for A/S tires shows similar trends and confirms the recommendation to not use a temperature correction for A/S tires
Characterizing USTMA Tracks 14”SRTT and Sand Depth
Could we look directly at the 16” SRTT They tell us essentially the same thing USTMA Tracks Water Depth Range: 1 -1. 27 mm
Conclusions • A/S tires are different than Normal and Snow tires – Recommendation for A/S tires: [2016] • Full temperature range – Does not limit testing capabilities in US – Is representative of usage conditions • No temperature Correction – a = 0, b = ? – If an equation was developed for A/S tires we expect a ~= 0
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