Using the Spanish Subjunctive What differences do you

Using the Spanish Subjunctive

What differences do you see in the following sentences. • It’s raining outside. I hope that it’s raining outside. • We will have a lot of homework. I don’t want us to have a lot of homework. • She eats healthy food. It’s good that she eats healthy food. • I’m certain that he is coming. I doubt that he is coming.

The subjunctive… • Is a mood, not a tense. • • *A tense deals with when something happens (past, present). Example: We’re going to the beach tomorrow. • *A mood expresses how a speaker feels about something. • Example: I am happy that we are going to the beach tomorrow.

The Indicative and Subjunctive are represented by 2 types of Guys: • Mr. Factual (Indicative) • Mr. Dreamer (Subjunctive) • Knows the facts • Deals in reality • Is sure and certain • Talks about feelings and the hypothetical • Out of touch with reality • Doubts and is uncertain

Who would say the following? Mr. Factual or Mr. Dreamer ? 1. I hope that it rains tomorrow. 2. She is coming with us. 3. I want her to come with us. 4. It’s possible that she calls today. 5. I’m sure that she’s calling today. 6. He might be here already. 7. He already arrived. 8. It’s terrible that you aren’t coming. 9. I wish you would come. 10. I have to work at 8: 00.

In order to use the subjunctive… 1. There must be 2 clauses in a sentence separated by the word que (that). • (A clause = a group of words with a subject and a conjugated verb) • 2. There must be a subject change between clauses. • 3. The main clause must be an expression of will (hope, want, wish), doubt or denial, emotion, or an impersonal expression (it’s possible, it’s necessary). • • • Main Clause Connector I doubt that He hopes that It’s good that We don’t believe that Subordinate Clause the movie is good. she doesn’t arrive late. we don’t have homework. they have the money.

When there is no subject change… • An infinitive is often used. • Examples: I want to go with you. Quiero ir contigo. • It’ necessary to study every night. Es necesario estudiar cada noche. • It’s good to exercise. Es bueno hacer ejercicio.

The Three steps to Forming the Subjunctive: 1. Put the verb in the yo form of the present tense. • Ex: poner – pongo • 2. Drop the “o” • Ex: pong • 3. Add the opposite ending (-ar verbs get –er endings, -er/ir verbs get –ar endings) • Ex: yo hable *the yo form is the same as the 3 rd person form • tú hables • ud/ella/el. hable • nosotros hablemos • ellos hablen • Similar to formal commands

Put the following verbs in their subjunctive forms. Infinitive Yo Tú Ud, él, ella Nosotros/a Uds, s ellos/as hablar hables hablemos hablen escribir escribas escribamos escriban tener tengas tengamos tengan venir vengas vengamos vengan entender entiendas entienda entendamos entiendan

Verbs that are irregular in the present tense yo form are irregular in the subjunctive mood. Verb Subjunctive Form dar dé ir vaya ser sea haber haya estar esté saber sepa

Put the following irregular verbs in the subjunctive forms for each of the pronouns • Yo (estar)__________ • Tú (saber)__________ • Nosotros (ir)________

Put the following verbs in the subjunctive forms. Infinitive dar ir ser haber estar saber Yo Tú Ud, él, ella Nosotros/a Uds, s ellos/as

• • Verbs with spelling changes: Verbs ending in –car the c changes to que Ex: yo sace – yo saque, tú saques, etc • Verbs ending in –gar the g becomes gue etc Ex: yo juege – yo juegue, tú juegues, • Verbs ending in –zar • the z changes to ce • Ex: yo empieze – yo empiece, etc

Other spelling changes: • Verbs ending in –ger and –gir • the g changes to j before an a • • • Examples: escoger - yo escoja tú escojas ella escoja nosotros escojamos ellos escojan elegir - yo elija tú elijas él elija nosotros elijamos ellas elijan

Other spelling changes: • Verbs ending in –guir • the gu changes to g before an a • • • Example: seguir - yo siga tú sigas ella siga nosotros sigamos ellos sigan

Put the following verbs in the subjunctive forms for each of the pronouns • Yo (almorzar) __________ • Tú (escoger)__________ • Nosotros (seguir)________

Put the following verbs in the subjunctive forms. Infinitive sacar investigar alcanzar escoger corregir distinguir Yo Tú Ud, él, ella Nosotros/a Uds, s ellos/as

In order to know when to use the Subjunctive in Spanish, we can remember the word WEIRDO.

First, you should understand that the subjunctive ordinarily does not occur by itself. The subjunctive occurs after certain other verbs, called WEIRDO verbs(trigger verbs)

Here Is How It Works Queremos que ustedes vengan a la fiesta. Ella espera que todos saquen buenas notas. Insisto en que me escuches. The first verb (in pink) Forces the second verb (in blue) into the subjunctive The two re are v in e erbs sen ach ten ce

Here Is How It Works Queremos que ustedes vengan a la fiesta. Ella espera que todos saquen buenas notas. Insisto en que me escuches. The first verb (in pink) Forces the second verb (in blue) into the subjunctive PRO TIP The Subjunc comes after word QU

Here Is How It Works Queremos que ustedes vengan a la fiesta. Ella espera que todos saquen buenas notas. Insisto en que me escuches. PRO TIP The Subjunctive comes after the word QUE

Here are the WEIRDO Verbs:

W is for Wishes & Wants Wishes and Wants are expressed by a number of verbs in Spanish, but here are some of the most common: Querer Esperar Desear Exigir Insistir to want to wait to desire to demand to insist Necesitar Pedir Preferir Mandar to need to ask for to prefer to order

W is for Wishes & Wants • Ana espera que su novio la invite a cenar. • Yo prefiero que llames después de las nueve. • Nadie quiere que los pobres sufran.

E is for Emotions Here are some emotion verbs in Spanish: Alegrarse to be happy Encantar to be delighted Enojarse to be angry Sorprender to surprise Tener miedo to be afraid Sentir to feel Temer to fear Gustar to like Lamentar to regret You can also use Estar + emotion adjectives Estar contento, alegre, triste, desilusionado, etc.

E is for Emotions • Yo estoy alegre que Laura no tenga problemas. • ¿Te gusta que ellos traigan la música? • La Sra. Gallejo siente que todos no participen.

I is for Impersonal Expressions Es + adjective phrases are known as impersonal expressions. There are hundreds of them, but here a few common ones: Es bueno Es malo Es curioso Es necesario Es triste Es importante it is necessary it is sad it is important it is good it is bad it is curious

I is for Impersonal Expressions • Es importante que prestes atención. • Es necesario que se porten bien en la escuela. • Es raro que Elena no quiera explicar.

R is for Recommendations R is for recommendations, requirements, and requests. Here are some of these verbs: Decir to tell Prohibir Rogar to beg Exigir Desear to desire Suplicar Sugerir to suggest Hacer Recomendar to recommend to prohibit to demand to plead to make / force

R is for Recommendations • ¿Recomiendas que yo compre la bicicleta? • Yo sugiero que ustedes miren esa película. • La profesora diga que hagamos un proyecto.

D is for Doubt & Denial D stands for doubt and denial. Here are some of these verbs: Dudar to doubt Negar to deny No creer to not believe No pensar to not think No estar seguro to not be sure No suponer to suppose not

D is for Doubt & Denial • Yo dudo que Marcos venga a tiempo. • Amanda niega que salga con Mario. • Nosotros no pensamos que ellos hagan las paces.

O is for Ojalá is a Spanish expression which means I wish, I hope, or It would be nice. It comes from Arabic originally where it meant “May God grant. ” Others – As you continue your study of Spanish, you will learn more ways that the subjunctive can be used.

O is for Ojalá • Ojalá que haga sol. • Ojalá que tengamos suficiente tiempo. • Ojalá que haya sillas.

REVIEW WEIRDO

REVIEW W Wishes and Wants

E Emotions

I Impersonal Expressions

R Recommendations Requests Requirements

D Doubts and Denials

O Ojalá

IMPORTANTE The word que holds everything together. Necesito que tú escuches bien. The first verb (in pink) is the WEIRDO verb. The second verb (in blue) is in the subjunctive

Adiós

I hope you enjoy this Power Point presentation about WEIRDO verbs and how they work in sentences with the subjunctive. Feel free to copy this presentation and to share it with your students and your colleagues. If you like it, I invite you to visit my blog and please consider supporting me at my Teachers Pay Teachers store. ¡Ojalá que nos encontremos de nuevo, amigos! All the best, --Anne Karakash http: //confesionesyrealidades. blogspot. com/ Attribution-Non. Commercial-Share. Alike CC BY-NC-SA