Using the Internet A Brief History 1969 ARPANET

Using the Internet

A Brief History • 1969 – ARPANET created by US Govt. to link defense installations with major universities • 1972 – First email • 1982 – TCP/IP is developed. • 1983 – MILNET separates from ARPANET • Mid 1980 s – NSFNET replaces ARPANET • 1989 – WWW developed by Tim Berners-Lee

Timeline Continued • 1993 – First Web browser, Mosaic • 2006 – Over 92 million Websites are online

URL (Uniform Resource Locator) The address of a Web site. Ex: http: //www. youtube. com http: //www. pmsd. org/pmehs/ http: //www. free. com/kerby/page 4. html

Parts of a URL http: //www. acme. com/support/techtips/2004. html Protocol Domain Name Path File Name Protocol: method of data transfer; defined by rules http Hypertext Transfer Protocol ftp File Transfer Protocol

Parts of a URL http: //www. acme. com/support/techtips/2004. html Protocol Domain Name Path File Name Domain name: identifies the Web server Ex: www. youtube. com www. pmsd. org www. free. com

Parts of a URL http: //www. acme. com/support/techtips/2004. html Protocol Domain Name Path File Name Path: folder document is stored in Works like the paths (or folders) on your “s number”

Parts of a URL http: //www. acme. com/support/techtips/2004. html Protocol Domain Name Path File Name File name: name of a Website file. Can be any file type including images, sound files, and documents like Word (. doc) and Adobe Reader files (. pdf)

Domain Suffixes: n n n n . com – commercial (for profit) based for business. . gov - government agency. mil - military agency. org - business or independent organization, usually NOT for profit. int - large international organization like NATO. net - large organization/network. edu - university or other educational facility

Adding other initials after the domain identifies the country or country code. • . uk - United Kingdom • . nz - New Zealand • . au - Australia • . fr - France • . jp - Japan • . is - Iceland • . us - United States • . tv – Tuvalu • . ca - Canada

DNS (Domain Name Server) Converts Domain Names to IP Addresses • Easier to remember the name IP Address format: 999 Ex: 42. 17. 127. 9 255. 0. 0. 1

Network n Group of devices (computers, printers, PDAs, etc. ) connected together.

Types of Networks 1. Wide Area Network (WAN) • Spans a large distance 2. Local Area Network (LAN) • Within a small geographic area 3. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) • Between a WAN and a LAN. • Used by Municipalities.

Internet vs. World Wide Web Internet: A huge computer network World Wide Web: All of the documents, video, sound files, etc. on the Internet

Intranet n Part of the Internet that is only accessible to a selected group • Limited access • May require a password

Web page • • A single file in a Web site. Usually has a. htm or. html file extension.

Web site One or more Web pages organized by a specific company, organization, college or university, government agency, or by an individual. Web sites are stored on Web servers. There may be many Web sites and thousands of HTML pages on each Web site.

Default Page The first page that appears when you access a Web site, usually named index. htm or index. html. The default page is often referred to as the Home page, or simply “Home”.

Web Server The computer device that stores Web site files and serves them up to the viewer.

Browser Software used to convert text files to Web pages. (i. e. Microsoft Internet Explorer, Mosaic, Opera and Netscape Navigator)

Web Portal A customizable Website that serves as a starting place on the Internet. Wikipedia definition Ex: Yahoo and Excite

Search Engine Computer software, often run through a Web site, that finds Web sites and Web pages. Wikipedia definition

Questions?