Using Sources Effectively What are my options Summary

Using Sources Effectively

What are my options? Summary - In your own words; reduced in length Paraphrase - In your own words; roughly the same length Direct Quote - In the words of the author; exact wording remains intact

Paraphrasing Good writers find their own way of saying things. Requires you to think, rather than mindlessly quote. Especially helpful when working with complex ideas or with texts that have a lot of domain specific jargon.

Let’s Try Paraphrase: First understand the message, then try to retell it in your own words For most of the last 500 years, imitation was the sincerest form of architectural flattery.

Let’s Try Paraphrase: First understand the message, then try to retell it in your own words Houseflies not only defecate constantly, but do so in liquid form, which means they are in constant danger of dehydration.

Let’s Try Paraphrase: First understand the message, then try to retell it in your own words An increasing number of Americans have come to view Islam as a religion that encourages violence while a declining number say Islam has a lot in common with their own religion. The public remains divided over whether churches should stay out of politics, even as large numbers say they are comfortable with expressions of faith by political leaders.

Summarizing A summary is a reduction of longer material into some brief statement that captures a basic idea, argument, or theme from the original. Requires you to think and judge what information is most important.

Let’s Practice! Create a two sentence summary for 2 of the following movies and share with a peer next to you: (5 minutes) The Lion King Mean Girls Finding Nemo Inception Harry Potter Napoleon Dynamite Juno Step Brothers Star Wars

Let’s Practice It is well known that exercise helps to alleviate stress. The National Heart, Lung and Blood Association (NHLBA) endorse exercise as a way to reduce stress, and recommends cardiovascular exercise that elevates the heart rate for 15 to 30 minutes--three to four times a week. The American Psychology Association has conducted numerous studies indicating the beneficial effects of exercise in dealing with stress. Exercise releases endorphins into the bloodstream. Endorphins are "feel good" hormones and are the body's natural painkillers. They also generate the sensory perception of physical well-being, which in turn contributes to emotional and mental health.

Direct Quote Word for word quote from a source Your paper shouldn’t be more than 10 -20% quoted material.

Direct Quote Direct quotes cannot stand on their own. As a rule of thumb, a sentence shouldn’t start with quotation marks. Rather, there should be some sort of lead into the quote. For example: The New Scientist noted, “The secret is to tie the acquisition of friends, compliments and status - spoils that humans work hard for - to activities that enhance the site” (Fogg 37).

Getting a word in edgewise The best in-text citations will be a combination of direct quote, paraphrase, and commentary.

Citing your sources Direct Quote: “The problem with pigeons, ” said Lisa Bartolomei, an Italian who lead me through the churches of Lucca one day, “is that they turn marble to dust” (2016). Paraphrase or Summary: One guidebook recommends that this feeding should be followed by throwing an article of clothing into the air which makes the pigeons take flight in a sudden pulse of wings, only to circle back in their greed and quickly land again at the tourist’s feet (Johnston, 2015).