Using Informatics to Promote CommunityPopulation Health Objectives Provide

Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health

Objectives • Provide an overview of community and population health informatics. • Describe informatics tools for promoting community and population health. • Define the roles of federal, state and local public health agencies in the development of public health informatics.

Using The Foundation of Knowledge Model • The collection and processing of population health data creates the information that becomes the basis for knowledge in the field of public health. • Knowledge about disease trends and other threats to community health can improve program planning, decision-making, and care delivery.

Core Public Health Functions • Assessment and monitoring of the health of communities and populations at risk to identify health problems and priorities • Formulation of public policies designed to solve identified local and national health problems and priorities

Public Health Definitions • The Institute of Medicine (IOM) defines the role of public health as “fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy”(IOM, 1988)

Community Health Risk Assessment • Public Awareness • A Risk Assessment • What is a "threat” ? • What is a "risk“ ?

Four Basic Steps of Risk Assessment • 1. Hazard identification • 2. Exposure assessment • 3. Dose–response assessment • 4. Risk characterization

Examples of Risk Assessment Tools • Suicide Prevention Community Assessment Tool (SPRC) • Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) • The Behavorial Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) • National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Agency Support of Epidemiology and the Monitoring of Disease Outbreaks • New technology can provide disease surveillance for: • -timely investigation And • – identification of data needs to manage the public health response to an outbreak or terrorist event

Preparedness in Public Health • more timely detection of potential health threats • situational awareness • surveillance • outbreak management • countermeasures • response • communications

Syndromic Surveillance • Typically used to target investigations of potential infectious cases • Can be used to detect possible outbreaks associated with bioterrorism (CDC, 2007)

Data Collection and Interpretation • Identification of absences from work or school • Increased purchases of health-care products, including specific types of over- the-counter medications • Presenting symptoms to health-care providers • Laboratory test orders (CDC, 2007).

Data Exchange Systems • Epidemic Information Exchange • Health Alert Network • Biosense • Public Health Information Network

Agency Support of Epidemiology and the Monitoring Disease Outbreaks • Information is vital to public health programming. • The data processed into public health information can be from administrative, financial and facility sources. • Data on vital statistics from state and local governments are also used for public health purposes.

Applying Knowledge to Health Disaster Planning and Preparation • The availability of data and speed of data exchange can have a significant impact on critical PH functions like disease monitoring and syndromic surveillance • The future of PHI will offer real-time surveillance data available electronically and investigations and emergences will be managed with the tools of informatics

Informatics Tools to Support Communication and Dissemination • The Revolution in IT • Two-Way Communication in Healthcare • PH Information Systems • Dissemination of Information • IT solutions

Using Feedback to Improve Responses and Promote Readiness • Improvement of Community Health • Population Health Data • RHIO/NHIN

Con’t • Public Health Informatics • Standardization of Data

• Reference: • >Mc. Gonigle, D. & Mastrian, K. (2011). Nursing Informatics and the foundation of knowledge. Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health (Chapter 17). Retrieved from http: //www. jblearning. com/samples/076371786 X/53289_CH 17_Mc. Gonigle. pdf