Usability Testing Gould Lewis 3 Principles of design

Usability Testing • Gould & Lewis: 3 Principles of design – Early focus on the user – Empirical measurement – Iterative design • Usability Testing = empirical measurement Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Informing your design decisions • Gestalt Laws – one source of information • • Proximity Similarity Closure Continuity Symmetry Relative size Figure and Ground Common fate – Later Additions • Division (Kostelnick and Roberts, 1998) • Connectedness (Palmer and Rock, 1995) • Empirical Studies Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Proximity Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 189. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 3

Gestalt Laws: Similarity Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 190. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Closure Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 195 - 197 Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Continuity Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 193. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Symmetry Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 193. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Relative Size Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 197. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Figure and Ground Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 198. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Figure and Ground Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 198. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Common Fate Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Division Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Gestalt Laws: Connectedness Ware C. (2004). Information Visualization: Perception for Design: Elsevier Inc: San Francisco, CA, p. 192. Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

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Empirical Studies • Miles Tinker – Readability research • Stone and Glock – Studies in how visuals effect procedural instructions • Kosslyn – Studies in understanding perception of charts and graphs • Design Research can address/help: – How to solve design issues – How to provide a design rationale Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Charts, Graphs, Diagrams and Maps • Graph – Quantitative measures – Some Maps if they lay-out distance • Charts and Diagrams – Qualitative – Specifies relationships – Diagrams = schematic pictures of objects or events • Maps – Spatial layout Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

When to use a Graph • Illustrate relations among measures • Not for absolute measures • Considersations – Relevance – Appropriate Knowledge • Know your audience Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006

Pie or Divided Graphs • Emphasize the components of a whole Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 23

Line Graphs • Quantitative data • Good for Interval Scales (Time, Temp, Money) • Interactions Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 24

Bar Graphs • Quantitative data • Comparisons • Vertical vs. Horizontal – When in doubt…use vertical • Side by side graphs – show comparisons Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 25

Step Graphs • Quantitative Data • Illustrate trends among >2 members of a nominal or ordinal scale • Use a line graph if the values vary continuously Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 26

Scatter Plots • Quantitative Data • Regression Lines Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 27

Stacked Bar • Quantitative Data – nominal scale • Many of the same properties of divided bar graphs…except overall height Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 28

Layer Graph • Quantitative Data • Overall height indicates cumulative total • http: //www. babynam ewizard. com/namev oyager/lnv 0105. html Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006 29

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Assignment 1 • Software: Microsoft Power. Point • Genre: Poster (20” x 30”) • Purpose: To support a speaker from your company/organization when talking about the company’s products. • Users: – The speaker – One of three different audiences (focus each poster on only one audience) Monday 2 Sept 2006 TC 310 Fall 2006