US LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl fnal lbnl

US LHC Accelerator Research Program bnl - fnal- lbnl - slac LARP Accelerator Systems: The Meeting Outcome (“unpolished” view) Vladimir Shiltsev 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting

FY 07 AS Priorities & Goals 1. Lumi-Monitors: construct, install, start commissioning 2. Tune&Coupling FB: deliver design, participate in installation and commissioning 3. Schottky: participate in installation and commissioning 4. Hardware Commissioning: execute the plan (5 -7 people) 5. Beam Commissioning: develop detailed Long Term Visitors TV plan for FY 08+ by ~mid-FY 07 6. Other tasks: execute Task Sheet’s Plans 7. “ 5+1”: develop FY 08 plan (incl. new tasks) by ~June’ 07 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 2

1. 1. 1 Tune & Coupling FB (310 k$) • • – – – • • Excellent progress with design and tests in RHIC with protons (Run 6) Many new phenomena in Run 7 Gold-Gold Not clear whether relevant to LHC but shows possible areas of concern Successful “Proof-of-principle” continuous head-tail Q’ with BBQ at Tevatron Of interest for CERN, still some q’s remain The task could be wrapped up in FY 07: commissioning efforts and costs could be moved to “Commissioning” task Very importants to participate in commissioning (one of deliverables LARP subscribed into, also excellent “plug-in” to beam commissioning, LHC beam physics, etc) New Quadrupole mode analysis proposed (below) LAFS is going to develop saftware for tune msmnt system 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 3

1. 1. 2 Luminometer (994 k$) • – – • • • – – – No delays, everything more or less on track Thanks to RHIC Run 7 – important tests Installation in LHC will start in Oct’ 07 No gas flow thru ionization chambers initially (only when L will be high) Reference transistors added to quantify dark current vs rad dose DAQ and control system development to be done later Estimated FY 08 need 880 k$ About half of that can be qualified as commissioning About 400 k$ will be needed in FY 09 Pulse shaping, commissioning, etc Getting extra funds in 2 nd half of FY 07 (contigency funds) will reduce FY 08 budget request 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 4

1. 1. 4 4. 8 GHz Schottky (122 k$) • • • – – • • Everything is “~ on budget” and on-time May 1 -11 visit to CERN Starts commissioning period: no beam with beam Tevatron is already interested in the new electronics developed for LHC (ordered the same for operation – better S/N) RHIC is interested, too! The task is essentially finished: formal sign-offs after first beam tests commissioning efforts and costs could be moved to “Commissioning” task Very importants to participate in commissioning (one of deliverables LARP subscribed into, another excellent “plug-in” to beam commissioning, LHC beam physics) Overall: promise to become a “success story” Can LAFS took over data processing software? 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 5

1. 1. 5 AC Dipole (80 k$) • • • – – Figured out the way to do that inexpensively using existing kicker (pinger) magnets and commercially available high-power audio amplifiers Excellent results in the Tevatron ~3 sigma oscillations for >8000 turns Deeper insight into physics processes Beta-functions agree with other methods Some 20 k$ of M&S and 140 k$ will be requested for FY 08 Also, has significant commissioning component 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 6

2. 1 Commissioning (540 k$) • Hardware and IR commissioning go as planned – – – • Three more HW commissioners scheduled First HW commissioners will start to return FY 08 plans to be reconsidered to incl Shutdown work Beam Commissioning: – – – LTVAC came out with 12 “real” names of LTVs and 5 “possible substitutes/later” names (out of 70 expressed interest) Thanks to Mike S. and the Committee! Now on me and, later, Steve, to take into account: • • – CERN’s input (names are being considered, input next week) Balance : Junior/Senior, Labs, tasks, LTV/Short term Visitors, HW comm. , need of a local coordinator, budget (with Mike’s input/analysis) … and come out with a plan and backup option(s) for FY 08 and (in part) FY 09 – by June (? ) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 7

LHC@FNAL and LAFS (0 k$) • Will define how to use LHC@FNAL (Tan and Rama) in ~2 weeks: – • draft “wish list of functions” for remore participation in SPS commissioning and MDs in June-July 2007 Pre-CERN training: – – – • (Dave Mc. Ginnis) are there rookie books? (Alex Chao) how SLAC people can benefit from the LHC@FNAL? (Oliver) start “plugging in”: short term visits and then continue training/participating here LARP/other labs to support LAFS - ? : – (Dave Mc. Ginnis, Hermann and Steve P. to talk) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 8

3. 1. 1 Cleaning Eff Studies (50 k$) • Compare RHIC loss maps with code prediction – • To benchmark the code used for the LHC Collimation system design Obvious progress: – Guillaume Robert-Demolaize • 4 -6 mos needed to comlete the first round of analysis • If no outstanding problems found – close the task and move on new initiatives? (TBD) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 9

3. 2. 1 Rotating Collimator (783 k$) • Goes ~as planned • CERN strategy for Phase II : • – Compare 3 competing technologies at the SPS beamline – RC is one of them – No good idea yet for ion primaries (secondaries? ) Will need ~same funds in FY 08 (and ‘ 09…) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 10

3. 2. 2 Tertiary Collimators (15 k$) • A lot of results reported/ delivered to CERN: – (more results, more interest, more questions, more details to explore) – Might be a never-ending story • Can the task be finished in FY 07? (TBD) • (remaining small efforts can be buried in a bigger task) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 11

3. 2. 3 Irradiation Studies (82 k$) • A lot of results reported: – Very thorough studies (as usual), tons of data analysis – No bad surprises (contrary to Carbon-carbon) • Can the task be finished in FY 07? (TBD) • Can BLIP facility be used for other tasks or new initiatives? (TBD) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 12

4. 1 Accelerator Physics (635 k$) • E-cloud: – new results, still of interest and importance – Focus shifting from LHC to inectors • IR and beam-beam: – Too many IR upgrade options on the table, a lot of effort needed to consider main 4 (Oliver’s lists) on systematic basis – Available US resources: 1. 5 “lattice-ists” at FNAL, 1 -2 at SLAC(? ) – Are slim magnets needed? Magnet people waiting for answer (may take another year before the dust will settle) – Important: reliable(!) beam-beam simulations/predictions • B-B-wires construction is over, studies started: – Some funds can be redirected into (similar) new initiative(s) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 13

New Initiatives (list) • • • Collider Instrumentation – BBQ-based Quadrupole Monitor – Synch light based diagnostics – Physics LHC Crystal Collimation Scheme – LHC Electron Lenses – Modeling of LLRF Limitations on LHC Performance – Crab Cavities LHC Injectors – – The Low-Energy Transverse Emittance Project – LHC injectors Upgrades, space-charge effects Super-Ferric Fast Cycling Injector in the SPS Tunnel 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 14

QMM-based e measurement (P. Cameron et al) monopole (sum) (L+R+U+D) dipole (difference) (L-R) / (L+R) (U-D) / (U+D) quadrupole m = (L+R)-(U+D) / (L+R+U+D) = sx 2 - sy 2 + x 2 – y 2 for x=y=0 (and dispersion ~ 0) m = ex bx –ey by given the b functions, we have one equation with 2 unknowns use two locations/pickups (with differing b functions!) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 15

Quadrupole Moment Monitor • Novel developments combined : – – – • • – Employ BBQ with its hude dynamics range Use Quadrupole Transfer Function (ATF) method Excite at 2 xf_betatron and observe emittances on ramp Complement Sync. Lite and IPMs Could be tested in RHIC Requested 0. 3 FTE support and little (15 k$) M&S funds 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 16

Longitudinal Density Monitor (S. De. Santis et al) Electro-optic modulator In. Ga. As PD Fiberoptic coupler/lens • Couple Sync. Lite to optical fiber, deliver signal upstairs and process it there with electro-optical modulator Fast pulser 50 ps @ 40 MHz PC Data acquisition board (ADC) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 17

LDM • • Encouraging tests at the ALS: – – -5 d. B coupling Of interest for the LHC: There is transverse Sync. Lite diagnostics – Longitudinal diagnostics = Resistive Wall Monitor – LDM promises 25 -50 ps slice diagnostics tails and abort gap dynamics, etc – phenomena of importance for operations – Smth like LDM is in LHC Phase II “wish list” 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 18

LLRF Modeling (J. Fox) • Bring PEP-II experinece in the LHC RF optimization • Nonlinear implementations of klystron, RF amplifiers, filters and FB loop optimizations, etc • Optimization and participation in commissioning 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 19

Longitudinal Density Monitor (S. De. Santis et al) Electro-optic modulator In. Ga. As PD Fiberoptic coupler/lens • Couple Sync. Lite to optical fiber, deliver signal upstairs and process it there with electro-optical modulator Fast pulser 50 ps @ 40 MHz PC Data acquisition board (ADC) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 20

Crab Cavities: KEK-B 22 mrad • – – Successful Operation: 10’s% for KEK Stable enough for LHC 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 21

Crab Cavities for LHC • • – – – – Some 10 -100% luminosity gain (beta*=25 cm 10 cm) Phase I: Realistic simulations for emittances and RF curvature Prototype 800 Mhz cavity (2 cell) - ? Small crossing angle consideration 400 urad 10 -15 MV 2 x 2 cell cavity Scale ~3. 7 M$ Can get a lot of knowledge/input/help from KEK and US labs KEK is interested in LHC crab cavities (postdoc coming to CERN) Synergy possible with ILC crab-cavity “Moderately difficult, large benefit!” (R. Calaga) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 22

Two-Stage Collimation: Crystal as Primary 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting Courtesy R. Assmann 23

Crystal Collimator • • – – Two plane proton collimation system test at Tevatron in FY 08 -09 (68 hrs of study time) SLAC-BNL-FNAL CERN-INFN-IHEP-Gatchina CERN supportive (endorsed by R. Assmann) Italy can deliver 2 nd goniometer (vert) Long list of studies Deliverables: Demonstration of predicated background reduction in Tevatron (better than W primaries) Answer operation-related questins (volume reflection vs channeling, radiation effects on crystals, etc. ) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 24

LHC Electron Lenses Tevatron Electron-Lenses demonstrated Beam-beam compensation 1. 2 A DC e-beam can compensate head-on tune spread in LHC 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 25

LHC Electron Lens(es) Proposal • • • – – – BNL-FNAL-SLAC and CERN Of highest priority: explore feasibility of head-on beam compensation Proposed 5 yr plan: explain TEV results simulate BBC for RHIC and LHC build and test RHIC EL proceed with LEL LARP plays role at initial stage (modeling , simulations 1. 5 -2 FTE postdoc) Construction to be supported from different funds: REL – by BNL LEL - by IRUP or CERN or both Other uses to be considered in detail: Hollow beam collimator (Vladimir and Ralph) Short-”long-range” compensation (Jean-Pierre) Pulsed beam bunch-by-bunch compensation (JPK and Vladimir) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 26

Low Energy Transverse Emittance Project (D. Moehs) At 50 -100 k. V emittance measurement is not simple! But very important… 04/18/2007 Propose to build a “standard candle” LARP Collaboration Meeting 27

LETEP • • – – – A lot of interest from CERN (new 3 Me. V test facility) LBNL and FNAL can design and build the monitor 1. 7 FTE and ~50 k$ in FY 08 (+09? ) Proposed plan: Design Build Test and compare at FNAL (with 2 other monitors) Test at CERN 3 Me. V facility Build another one to test at other labs/facilities in US 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 28

Super. Ferric Magnets for LHC Injectors SPS upgrade – for 300 M$! 04/18/2007 Can help not only collider but Neutrino program as well (2 sec cycle) LARP Collaboration Meeting 29

Super. Ferric Magnets for LHC Injectors SPS upgrade – for 300 M$! (H. Piekarz)…. Not from LARP funds !! 04/18/2007 Can help not only collider but Neutrino program as well (2 sec cycle) LARP Collaboration Meeting 30

• • Space-Charge Effects for LHC Injectors Upgrages FNAL (M. Popovic, et al) and CERN Benchmark ORBIT code and simulate SC effects in all relevant machines in the LHC injector chain Experiments in FNAL Booster (400 Me. V), CERN Booster (50 Me. V and 160 Me. V) Results to be reported in reports, ORBIT modifications may follow 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 31

Summary: • Very efficient Collaboration meeting: – Many open friendly discussions, “like workshop” • Thanks to: – L 2 task leaders for organizing working sessions – People presented new proposals, reported progress – LTV advisory committee delivered what was asked – Our CERN colleagues for coming and playing important role in discussions and help in setting directions for the next year(s) 04/18/2007 LARP Collaboration Meeting 32