US History Chapter 9 Section 1 Postwar Havoc

Main Idea • Although the end of the war brought peace it did not

Reading Focus • What were the causes and effects of the first red scare?

Setting the Stage WW I ended > No jobs and a deadly flu makes

Communism Vladimir Lenin- Wanted to establish a new social system for their people-and the

Red Scare American Response to Communism • • American fear- of labor unions and

Postwar Difficulties Organized Labor problemsØ Hope for same high wages Ø Hope for shorter

American Response • “Limiting Immigration” Red Scare and lack of jobs led to nativism

Sacco and Vanzetti Trial Nicola Sacco (April 22, 1891 – August 23, 1927) and

Many of the immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe were unskilled laborers. Congress passed

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US History Chapter 9 Section 1 Postwar Havoc

Main Idea • Although the end of the war brought peace it did not ease the mind of many Americans who found much to fear in the postwar years

Reading Focus • What were the causes and effects of the first red scare? • How did labor strife grow during the postwar years? • How did the U. S. limit immigration after WWI?

Setting the Stage WW I ended > No jobs and a deadly flu makes a bad combination • • Wartime hatred of Germans - 100% Americanism Red Army of Bolsheviks – Vladimir Lenin took control of Russia (later USSR) (Resulted in American fear) • Communism formed “communists”

Communism Vladimir Lenin- Wanted to establish a new social system for their people-and the world. Communism would have no economic classes, no private property, and people should share wealth

Red Scare American Response to Communism • • American fear- of labor unions and infiltration into the US. AG A. Mitchell Palmer used wartime laws against suspected radicals and deported several (Palmer Raids) 1919 most explosive time in history for American labor movement – 3, 000 strikes nationwide Unions were suspected of harboring communism

Shifting of Hatred

Postwar Difficulties Organized Labor problemsØ Hope for same high wages Ø Hope for shorter hours Ø Lower demand for war items Ø Returning Soldiers lost jobs How can I get my 14 points added to Treaty of Versailles? Is Wilson ignoring US problems? Major Strikes Ø Boston Police Ø Seattle general Strike How will this affect Europe?

American Response • “Limiting Immigration” Red Scare and lack of jobs led to nativism >Early immigrants from Northern / Western Europe (Protestants) >Latter immigrants from Southern / Eastern Europe (Catholics and Jews) • • Nativists and labor leaders requested limits on immigration 1924 National Origins Act – Limited immigrants to 2% of population of country Nativism revived the KKK ( Catholics and Jews) Trial of Sacco and Vanzetti ( Anarchists)

Sacco and Vanzetti Trial Nicola Sacco (April 22, 1891 – August 23, 1927) and Bartolomeo Vanzetti (June 11, 1888 – August 23, 1927) were Italian-born anarchists who were convicted of murdering two men during the armed robbery of a shoe factory in Massachusetts, United States in 1920. Both adhered to a strain of anarchism that advocated relentless warfare against a violent and oppressive government. A controversial trial in 1921 resulted in the men's conviction, despite equivocal ballistics evidence and numerous witnesses who claimed Sacco had been in Boston's North End and Vanzetti in Plymouth, Massachusetts on the day of the robbery. To explain why they had been found armed when arrested, both defendants had to recount their anarchist beliefs in court, leading to suspicions that this may have prejudiced the jury.

Many of the immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe were unskilled laborers. Congress passed laws limiting immigration from many of these countries Cuts down on job competition! Immigration Laws enacted

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