Urinary System Urinary System Functions Removal of Nitrogenous
- Slides: 36
Urinary System
Urinary System: Functions Removal of Nitrogenous wastes by filtering blood Results in the production of urine Maintain water balance by removing excessive fluids Electrolyte and p. H balance of blood Production of Hormones Renin Blood Pressure Erythropoietin Production of RBC’s Calcitriol
The Kidneys Right Kidney slightly lower than the left due to impaction of the liver Attached to Ureters, Renal Blood Vessels, and nerves at Renal Hilus Adrenal glands-atop each kidney • Filters 200 liters of blood daily – 1200 m. L each minute
Kidney Functions Kidneys Filter Blood Produce Urine Maintains proper balance between water, salts, acids & bases
Urinary System: Anatomy Male Female
Urinary System Organs Ureters – transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder via peristalsis
Urinary System Organs Urinary Bladder – storage of urine
Bladder Composed of 1. Detrusor Muscle 2. Internal/External Sphincters Micturition = Urination Reflex Contraction of Detrusor and relaxation of internal sphincter Sensitive to Pressure Distention triggers nerve sensation to signal need to urinate How Do We Pee?
Urinary Bladder
• Urethra – transports urine from the bladder to outside of the body
Physical Characteristics of Urine
• Physical Characteristics of Urine Color and transparency – Yellow (due to urochrome) – Concentrated urine has a deeper yellow color – Drugs, diet , and vitamins can alter the color of urine
Cloudy urine may indicate urinary tract infection (UTI) Normal urine range 4. 5 - 8
Physical Characteristics of Urine • Odor – Standing urine develops an ammonia odor – Some drugs and vegetables (asparagus) alter the usual odor
URINE COMPOSITION 95% water, 5% solutes • Wastes composing urine: Urea (made in liver from ammonia and CO 2) Uric acid (made from breakdown of certain amino acids) Creatine (made from breakdown of muscle tissue) Abnormally high concentrations may indicate infection
Diuretics Substances that increase urinary output Alcohol – inhibits the release of ADH Caffeine and OTC (over the counter) drugs – inhibit Na+ absorption Lasix & Diuril – prescription medications that inhibit Na+ absorption
Urine Storage Phase Law of La. PLace Tension increases as the spherical viscus fills but so does the radius Results in slight pressure variation until viscus is full Stretch receptors minimal therefore afferent nerve output is a low frequency Once bladder is full, afferent output fires at a maximum rate until voiding occurs Voiding Phase Preganglionic neurons cause bladder to voluntarily contract causing intravesical pressure to increase External Sphincter relaxes allowing urine to flow out of the bladder Excitatory Process Continues voiding until empty Males – Bulbospongiosus Muscle eliminates remaining urine Females – Gravity empties
Specific Gravity • Amount of solute concentration in urine • Range is between 1. 001 -1. 035 – If too high= then too many solutes and too little water – If too low= then too few solutes & too much water
Urinalysis p. H: measures acids & bases Specific Gravity: measures concentration of solutes Ketones: product of rapid breakdown of fatty acids Glucose: sugar should be absent Bilirubin: pigment found in bile
Urinalysis Protein: should be absent, sign of glomerulus problem Urobilirubin: can predict liver/gall bladder problem Leukocytes: linked to bacterial infection Color: what it looks like Nitrite: indicates UTI Hemoglobin: RBC’s broken down & enter bloodstream
Urine Production
Closer look at Kidney Cortex – Outer Region of Kidney Consists of millions of nephrons Area of urine production Medulla - Inner Portion of Kidney Consists of Medullary Pyramids (Urine Collection) Calyces Collects Urine from Medullary Pyramids; Drains in to Renal Pelvis Wide, top part of ureter Collects Urine from
Nephrons Glomerulus Blood Filtration Bowman’s Capsule Surrounds Glomerulus Collects Wastes for Passage to Renal Tubule Reabsorption Water, Glucose, Amino Acids Secretion
Order of urine formation Glomerulus & Bowman’s Capsule Proximal Convoluted Tube Loop of Henle Distal Convoluted Tube Renal Pelvis Major Calyx Minor Calyx Collecting Duct/Tube Ureter Bladder Urethra You Urinate J
Renal System Video
- Bond between purine and pyrimidine
- Sugar phosphate and nitrogenous base
- Nucleotide nitrogenous base
- Collecting duct
- Nucleotide nitrogenous base
- What are nitrogenous wastes
- Nitrogenous bases in dna and rna
- Lymph tissue fluid
- Urinary system introduction
- Kidneys location and structure figure 15-1
- The cf py/o means
- Urinary system facts
- Uterus pig
- The urinary system chapter 30
- Chapter 15 the urinary system figure 15-3
- Chapter 20 urinary/excretory system
- Urinary system model
- Urinary system fun fact
- Optic lobes
- Urinary system powerpoint
- Renal system
- Blood to urine pathway
- Urinary bladder
- Normal constituents of urine
- Aescending
- Defination of urinary system
- Homework
- External anatomy of rat
- Rat urinary system
- Urogenital system
- Kidneys location and structure figure 15-2
- Macula densa cells
- Does the urinary system regulate blood pressure
- Urinary system
- Renal medulla anatomy
- What is the name
- Normal constituents of urine