Urinary System Structures Figure 15 1 a Organs

Figure 15. 1 a Organs of the urinary system. (a) Anterior view of urinary

Figure 15. 2 b Internal anatomy of the kidney. (b) Diagrammatic view of a

Figure 15. 3 Structure of the nephron. (a)

Figure 15. 3 a Structure of the nephron. Cortical nephron Cortex Medulla Fibrous capsule

Figure 15. 3 b Structure of the nephron. (b) Detailed anatomy of a nephron

Figure 15. 4 The kidney depicted schematically as a single large, uncoiled nephron. KEY:

Figure 15. 4 The kidney depicted schematically as a single large, uncoiled nephron. Afferent

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Urinary System Structures

Figure 15. 1 a Organs of the urinary system. (a) Anterior view of urinary organs of a female (most unrelated abdominal organs have been removed). Rectum (cut) Uterus (part of female reproductive system) (a)

Figure 15. 1 a Organs of the urinary system. (a) Anterior view of urinary organs of a female (most unrelated abdominal organs have been removed). Hepatic veins (cut) Inferior vena cava Adrenal gland Renal artery Renal hilum Renal vein Aorta Kidney Ureter Iliac crest Rectum (cut) Uterus (part of female reproductive system) Urinary bladder Urethra (a)

Figure 15. 2 b Internal anatomy of the kidney. (b) Diagrammatic view of a coronally sectioned kidney, illustrating major blood vessels. (b)

Figure 15. 2 b Internal anatomy of the kidney. (b) Diagrammatic view of a coronally sectioned kidney, illustrating major blood vessels. Renal column Cortical radiate vein Cortical radiate artery Arcuate vein Arcuate artery Interlobar vein Interlobar artery Segmental arteries Renal cortex Renal artery Renal vein Renal pelvis Major calyx Ureter Minor calyx Renal pyramid Fibrous capsule (b)

Figure 15. 3 Structure of the nephron. (a)

Figure 15. 3 a Structure of the nephron. Cortical nephron Cortex Medulla Fibrous capsule Collecting duct Renal cortex Proximal convoluted tubule Glomerulus Distal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Renal pelvis Ureter Renal medulla (a) Juxtamedullary nephron

Figure 15. 3 b Structure of the nephron. (b) Detailed anatomy of a nephron and its associated blood supply. (b)

Figure 15. 3 b Structure of the nephron. (b) Detailed anatomy of a nephron and its associated blood supply. Peritubular capillaries Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) Glomerular capillaries Glomerular (Bowman’s) capsule Distal convoluted tubule (DCT) Efferent arteriole Afferent arteriole Cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus Cortical radiate artery Arcuate vein Cortical radiate vein Collecting duct (b) Loop of Henle

Figure 15. 4 The kidney depicted schematically as a single large, uncoiled nephron. KEY: 1 a 2 b c 3 Urine

Figure 15. 4 The kidney depicted schematically as a single large, uncoiled nephron. Afferent arterioles Glomerular capillaries Efferent arterioles Cortical radiate arteries a 1 Glomerular capsule Rest of renal tubule b KEY: 2 Peritubular capillaries c To cortical radiate veins Urine 3 Glomerular Filtration: Water and solutes smaller than proteins are forced through the capillary walls and pores of the glomerular capsule into the renal tubule. Tubular Reabsorption: Water, glucose, amino acids, and needed ions are transported out of the filtrate into the tubule cells and then enter the capillary blood. Tubular Secretion: H+, K+, creatinine, and drugs are removed from the peritubular blood and secreted by the tubule cells into the filtrate.