Urban Water Use Characteristics Saroj Sharma Urban Water

Urban Water Use Characteristics Saroj Sharma

Urban Water Use Domestic (residential) Commercial Industrial Public use Miscellaneous - distribution system cleaning - system losses Source: Ageing Pipes and Murky Water (New Zealand, 2002) 2

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Urban area, Singapore 4

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Peri-urban area, Durban, South Africa 6

Factors Affecting Urban Water Demand Climatic conditions Size of the city Standard of living Quantity of water supplied Pressure in the distribution system Duration of supply (continuous or intermittent) Price of water, rate structure and metering Quality of water Extent of industrial and commercial activities Extent of waterborne sanitation/sewerage Availability of other private water supply 7

Total Average Daily Consumption Source: Second Water Utilities Data Book 1997 (ADB); Water and Wastewater Utility Data – 2 nd Edition 1996 (WB) 8

Household water consumption in some OECD countries (1995 Statistics) Source: Household water pricing in OECD Countries (OECD 1999) 9

Urban Water Use Characteristics 10

Urban water use characteristics in some Source: Water in Asian Cities, ADB (2004) Asian cities 11

Pattern of Water Use in Household Source: Sustainable Water Use in Europe (EEA 2001) 12

Residential Water Use - Australia Source: Thomas G. Parry: Influencing demand - water pricing 13

Residential Water Use – Winnipeg, Canada 14