URBAN REVIVAL Urban Revival In the tenth Century

URBAN REVIVAL

Urban Revival ¡ ¡ ¡ In the tenth Century the Latin West could not compare to the cities in the East. Although they were larger in size, the West was becoming greater commercially, culturally, and administratively. (Bulliet 356) The Urban revival was a time of re-growth in Italy. ¡ The cities were in strategic places for traders and merchants to conduct businesses. (Armstrong 147) ¡ The revival along with the trade, brought on wealth and power for the rulers.

Trading Cities ¡ Trade and manufacturing were a main cause of growth in the West. Long-distance trade helped. ¡ Northern Italian cities held special benefit because of the port cities of the eastern Mediterranean (Bulliet 356) ¡ The Mediterranean location attracted trade from the Byzantine and Muslim civilizations. (flowofhistory. com) ¡

Trading Cities (cont. ) ¡ ¡ ¡ Italian trade helped expand the Mongol Empire l 1271, Marco Polo traveled from Venice to the Mongol Court to serve the emperor. l Returned in 1295 with many stories that several people did not believe. The Mongolian Empire’s decline did little to stop the Italians from continuing their trade. Three times a year, Ships would sail in convoys of two or three from Venice and bring back 2000 tons of goods. (Bulliet 356)

Trading Cities (cont. ) ¡ ¡ In Northern Europe an association of trading cities traded extensively in the Baltic, along with the coast of Prussia and German knights. Genoa, on the West side of Northern Italy, was just as prosperous as Venice. ¡ ¡ ¡ Genoese merchants developed colonies on the shores of the Easter Mediterranean and around the black sea. In no time, the Genoese and Haneatic ships from the Baltic were trading. They traded near the Flemish towns that were greating raw wool from English sheep which they dyed with vivid hues. (Bulliet 358)

Trading Cities (cont. ) ¡ ¡ In Champagne, trading fairs were developed connecting Flanders and Northern Italy. l Contained manufactured goods along with livestock and farm produce The local markets were turned into International fairs when Champagne came under the control of the king of France, which led to Italian cities having permanent consulates in Champagne. l ¡ ¡ Currency and financial transaction were an important part. After a while it grew expensive to trade at the markets and they dwindled down to local markets again. Textile industries also began to develop in England in Florence. Europeans made extensive use of water wheels and windmills in the textile, paper, and other industries. (Bulliet 358)

Civic Life ¡ ¡ ¡ Most northern Italian and German cities were independent states. (Bulliet 358) Many European cities offered people more social freedom while in other European cities had special charters that exempted them from authority. Many of Europe’s Jews lived in cities. l The largest population was in Spain l Many cities welcomed them for their manufacturing and business skill even thought they were persecuted practically everywhere but in Rome l Many Jews converted to Christianity or left from the fear.

Civic Life (cont. ) ¡ Much of civic life was dominated by powerful associations known as guilds. l A guild is an association of craft specialist, such as silversmiths, or of merchants and the prices they charged. l Guilds regulated commerce and promoted member’s interest with the government. l They also preserved the guilds by denying entry to those who did not help the interests of the families already in the guilds. (Bulliet 359) l Many women were not usually allowed to join guilds however in some places they could through a male relative in a guild or on their own.

Civic Life (Cont. ) ¡ By 1500 a new class of wealthy bankers operated on a vast scale and specialized in money changing, loans, and investments. (Bulliet 359) l They handled financial transactions of merchants along with transactions relating to the church and some that were not. l They began a yearly collection that went to every church in Latin west. l Supported wars and lavish courts with loans. l Began creating news services to spread topics that helped their business.

Civic Life (cont. ) ¡ ¡ ¡ In the fifteenth century the Medici family of Florence operated banks in Italy, Flanders, and London. l Controlled the government of Florence. l Important patrons of the arts. In Western Europe, the Fuggers of Augsburg l Began as cloth merchants and ended up with ten times the lending capital of the Medici bank. l They began trading with Hungarian copper. Since Christianity prohibited charging interest (usury), the Jews ended up being more important money lenders.

Gothic Cathedrals ¡ ¡ In late medieval Europe, thriving cities were in need of master builders. l The cities were on a race to outdo each other when it came to guild halls, town halls, and other structures. Even though they took decades to construct (suite 101. com) The Gothic Cathedrals were the one arcitectural wonder of the time that arrived at about 1140 in France. The signature of these cathedrals was the pointed gothic arch. Without formal education, many of the men building these cathedrals miscalculated and sometimes brought cathedrals tumbling down.

Quiz. ¡ Urban Revival means… a. A time in which religious wars began to develop throughout Europe b. The development of Rural life prospered and brought wealth to Northern Italy. c. A time in which trade prospered and brought wealth to Northern Italy d. Great development of literature and arts. e. Changes in the agriculture of China.

Quiz. ¡ When Champagne came under the control of the King of France, all of the following but what happened? a. Italy created permanent consulates in Champagne b. Made the regional market into an international Market. c. Made markets expensive to trade in. d. Regional markets were developed because of the trade route from northern Italy to Flanders. e. Began currency exchange and other financial transactions.

Quiz. ¡ Who ran the banks that specialized in money changing, loan, and investments? a. The Catholic Church b. A Wealthy class. c. The government. d. The merchants and traders. e. Peasants.

Bibliography ¡ ¡ ¡ Armstrong, Monty, David Daniel, and Abby Kanarek. Cracking the AP World History Exam 2008. Princeton: Princeton Review, 2007. Bulliet, Richard W. , Pamela Kyle Crossley, Daniel R. Headrick, Steven W. Hirsch, Lyman L. Johnson, and David Northrup. Earth and It's People Advanced Placement Version Third Edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin College Division, 2004. “The Flow of History. " Urban Revival in Italy. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //www. flowofhistory. com/units/west/10/FC 62>. “Suite 101. com. " Gothic Cathedrals in Midieval Society. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //highmiddleages. suite 101. com/article. cfm/gothic_cathedrals_in_medieval_societies>. “New World Encyclopedia. ” Medici Family. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/Medici_family> “Photo. net. ” Gothic Cathedral. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //photo. net/photodb/photo? photo_id=2641553> “Ciba Review 1: Midieval Dyeing. ” 20 Oct. 2009 http: //www. elizabethancostume. net/cibas/ciba 1. html “Silk-Road” Marco Polo and His travels. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //www. silkroad. com/artl/marcopolo. shtml> “Flickr. ” Pitigliano, Italy. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //www. flickr. com/photos/rubytu/3747170356/> “Flickr. ” Salisbury_09. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //www. flickr. com/photos/pic-bull/3700095047/> “Flickr. ” Glasgow Cathedral. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //www. flickr. com/photos/birdfarm/308971702/> “Sacred Destinations. ” Regensburg Cathedral. 20 Oct. 2009 <http: //www. sacreddestinations. com/germany/regensburg-cathedral-photos/slides/xti_0827. htm>