Urban Pesticide Reduction Program UPRP Sponsored by OSU
Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) Sponsored by: OSU Extension Master Gardener Program OSU Extension Metro Programs Oregon Department of Agriculture
Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) Class 1 Assess Your Pesticide Use
Welcome/Introductions • Instructor Introduction • Class member introductions
Logistics/Announcements
Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Human and Environmental Health • What is a Pesticide?
Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Human and Environmental Health • What is a Pesticide?
Pesticide Use Statistics • USA: 74 -90% of households utilize pesticides on an annual basis (Whitmore et al. 1994; Landrigran et al. 1999, Fishel 2007) • Oregon: 46% of households used pesticides in 2007 (PURS 2008) • Portland Metro: 29% of households used lawn and garden pesticides and 17% used indoor pesticides (Peters et al. 2007)
Do We Really Use Fewer Pesticides? • Pesticide use is generally underreported, and risk perception is generally underestimated (Nieuwenhuijse et al. 2005) • PURS (Oregon’s Pesticide Use Reporting System) • Survey “participants were unable to determine what • • products were pesticides” “continued concerns about the ability of pesticide users to read the label and correctly identify information” “Moss control products accounted for 47% of the pounds of active ingredient, but only 2% of the reports identified moss control as the purpose”
Which of these is NOT a pesticide?
UPRP Goal • Reduce pesticide use in residential areas – both inside and outside of home. • Increase knowledge about pesticides. • Safe pesticide use • Alternatives to pesticides
Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Three classes • Class 1: Overview of UPRP. Pesticides, defined. Assess your pesticide use in the home, garden and lawn. • Class 2: Reading a pesticide label. Proper use, storage and disposal of pesticides. • Class 3: Environmental fate of pesticides. Alternatives to pesticides for pest management. Prevention rather than reaction.
Measuring Program Impact • Does this program work? Does this program decrease pesticide use and increase knowledge? • Voluntary, anonymous surveys • Pre-tests • Post-test • Follow-Up (6 months following classes) • IRB Approved (Institutional Review Board)
Informed Consent Forms
Sign-In Sheet Name Street Address Zip Code _________________ Class Survey? Attendance � 1 � 2 � 3 �Y �N __________________________________ � 1 � 2 � 3 �Y �N
Opening Exercise • Take 3 -5 minutes to think about your pesticide use over the last 12 months. • On a piece of paper: list all of the pesticides that you have used OR list all of the pests for which you have used products
Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Environmental and Human Health • What is a Pesticide?
Pesticides in Clackamas • • • A 2000 -2005 U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) study found a variety of pesticides in the lower Clackamas River mainstem and tributaries, along with trace-level detections of pesticides in treated drinkingwater samples. A total of 63 pesticide compounds were detected. The herbicides atrazine and simazine were the most common, detected in half of the samples. High-use herbicides such as glyphosate and triclopyr/2, 4 -D-the active ingredients in Round. UPTM and Crossbow. TM, respectively-also were frequently detected. . " The full press release may be viewed at: http: //www. usgs. gov/newsroom/article. asp? ID=1895 The full report may be found at: http: //pubs. usgs. gov/sir/2008/5027/ March 18, 2008 Press release, USGS
Common Herbicide Causes Inflammation in Fish No Herbicide 160 X magnification, Fish Gills 5 mg Glyphosate / Liter Water 160 Magnification, Fish Gills Signs of inflammation
Pesticide Effects on Bees • Colony Collapse Disorder: worker bees in honey bee hives abruptly disappear Healthy Hive • Pesticides may be a contributing factor. Until scientists know more, it is best to use pesticides with caution. CCD Hive
Common Pesticides Impact Beneficial Insects • Organophosphates: commonly sold, broad spectrum, contact insecticide • Will kill ladybugs, lacewings, bees, spiders, flower flies and other beneficial insects.
Common Pesticides Impact Human Health • Cholinesterase is present in many organisms, including all mammals (like humans!) • Cholinesterase is an enzyme that is ubiquitous in the human body • Cholinesterase is critical for many nervous system functions
Pesticides That Inhibit Cholinesterase • Organophosphates • Irreversibly inhibits cholinesterase that is • present in the human body Cholinesterase must be replaced, by the body, after exposure to an organophosphate pesticide • Carbamates • Temporarily inhibits cholinesterase that is • present in the body Effects can be rapidly reversed (time required depends on level of exposure)
Pesticide Mis-Use • Negative effects of pesticides are amplified when pesticides are: • Misused • Overused • Used at an inappropriate time • Incorrectly stored • Incorrectly disposed
Today’s Agenda • Overview of the Urban Pesticide Reduction Program (UPRP) • Effects of Pesticides on Human and Environmental Health • What is a Pesticide?
What is a pesticide? • A pesticide is any substance intended to control, destroy, repel, or attract a pest.
What is a pest? • We determine what is a pest. • • Causes damage or economic loss Transmits or produces disease • Pests can be animals (including insects). • Pests can be unwanted plants. • Pests can be microbes.
How do I know if it is a pesticide? • Is an EPA registration number on the container? • If so, it is a pesticide. EPA Reg. No. 3120 -280 Identifies manufacturer Identifies product
What is not a pesticide? • Toothpaste, mouthwash (regulated by FDA and not EPA) • Fertilizers (except for weed and feed products) • Compost tea • Beneficial insects that eat insect pests • Ladybugs, Lacewings, Preying Mantis, etc. • Parasitoid wasps • Nematodes • Bt and spinosad are microrganisms that ARE pesticides
Minimum Risk Pesticides • Do not have an EPA Registration Number • Are deemed ‘demonstrably safe’ • A complete list of Minimum Risk Pesticides can be viewed at: http: //www. epa. gov/oppbppd 1/biopesticides/regtools/25 b_list. htm Citronella White pepper Castor oil Egg whites and egg solids Cinnamon oil Citric acid Clove oil Rosemary oil Dried Blood Thyme oil Mint oil Corn gluten meal
Pesticide Use Self-Assessment • Please take 10 minutes to complete the survey. • We will revisit the different parts of the survey throughout the UPRP.
Pesticide Use Results • Was there a difference between your original narrative, and the checklist audit of your pesticide use?
Reminders for Next Class • Please bring a pesticide from home. • We will be using this pesticide for an activity focused on reading labels. • We will also discuss safe use, storage and disposal of pesticides, as well as the use of personal protective equipment.
References: Pesticide Use Statistics • • • Fishel, FM. 2007. Pesticide use trends in the U. S. : pesticides for home and garden uses. Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Pesticide Information Office. Document PI-140. Accessed online at: http: //edis. ifas. ufl. edu/PI 177 on April 2, 2009 Landrigan, PJ, Claudio, L, Markowitz, SB, Berkowitz, GS, Brenner, BL, Romero, H, Wetmur, JG, Matte, TD, Gore, AC, Godbold, JH and MS Wolff. 1999. Pesticides and inner-city children: exposures, risks, and prevention. Environmental Health Perspectives 107: 431– 437. Peters, J. S. , Suzuki, J. and N. Yager. 2007. Metro telephone survey – household hazardous products. Final Report of Research into Action, Inc. in Cooperation with the Portland Metro Council on the Environment. 242 pp. PURS. 2007. Annual Report. Accessed online at: http: //www. oregon. gov/ODA/PEST/docs/pdf/pursannualreport 2007. pdf on April 2, 2009. Whitmore, R. W. , Immerman, F. W. , Camann, D. E. , Bond, A. E. , Lewis, R. G. and J. L. Schaum. 1994. Non-occupational exposures to pesticides for residents of two U. S. cities. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 26: 47 -59.
Photos Credits • Growing Gardens • Metro Regional Government • Sustainable Living • DHS • OSU Extension Metro Master Gardener Program
Clip Art Credits • • • http: //www. phillipmartin. info/clipart/misc_welcome 2. gif http: //www. lusd. net/board/agenda. Clip. Art. jpeg http: //www. baileypto. org/ http: //www. state. me. us/agriculture/bpc/index. html http: //school. discoveryeducation. com/clipart/images/digtlc mr. gif
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