Urban logistics optimization in Lucca Vicenza and Siena

Urban logistics optimization in Lucca, Vicenza and Siena: a comprehensive approach to clean freight transhipment and last mile delivery Stefan Guerra WORKSHOP - Dubrovnik (Croatia) Sustainable Transport Solutions “How to Improve Energy Efficiency and Air Quality in Historic Centres” September 12 th 2014

European Commission: policy context • White paper 2011 - Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area - Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system • EC adoption of the Communication on the Future of Transport "A sustainable future for transport: Towards an integrated, technology-led and user friendly system" on 17 June 2009 [COM(2009) 279] • The Greening transport package (2008) • Communication from the Commission - The EU's freight transport agenda: Boosting the efficiency, integration and sustainability of freight transport in Europe [COM(2007)606] • Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament - Keep Europe moving - Sustainable mobility for our continent - Midterm review of the European Commission’s 2001 Transport White paper [COM(2006)314]

Italian practice Different implementation levels • • • Feasibility study, operational schemes definition Technological infrastructures definition end realization, first experimental application Fully operational

Urban Logistics Innovation in three mid-size Historic Cities in Italy: Lucca, Vicenza and Siena Three Urban Logistics experiences integrating city logistics measures (including U. C. C. ) for Eco -Friendly City Freight Distribution with different: n approaches to clean freight transhipment and last mile delivery n organization and management aspects. Vicenza Lucca Siena

LUCCA: URBAN CONTEXT Preservation and development of the city centre Quality of Life 2012 – rank n. 33, but ranked n. 1 for Environment & Services (data related to the entire Province provided by Sole 24 Ore, leading Economic Daily Newspaper) 2013 Air Quality Report of Lega Ambiente, rank n. 31 ( 54 limit value excedences 2012)

Some relevant data on city centre economy and transport in Lucca ü Historic mid-size town with about 80. 000 inhabitants (round 10. 000 inside historic centre) ü Economic activities mainly based on commerce, services and tourism sectors. ü A relevant number (1600+) of shops, restaurants, commercial activities in the historic centre (inside the ancient walls) and immediate surrounding urban quarters. ü About 27% of business located in the city centre, use their own means for goods transport. ü Relevant tourist flows. ü About 1680 commercial vehicles entering the area each day with low load factor (<30% available capacity). ü High impacts of freight traffic and city distribution processes.

Local impacts of city logistics processes ü High levels of congestion due to commercial and freight traffic (high number of vehicles in the historic centre, non-optimized loads and delivery routes). ü High levels of environmental pollution (PM 10) with several exceedances of law limit values ü Noise pollution and risk for historic buildings due to vibrations resulting from freight traffic. ü Pedestrians (tourists) safety hazards.

City logistics on focus: from 2002 to nowadays Lucca put ideas into practice Since 2002 the municipality of Lucca has developed and implemented several experimental activities aiming to research, development and innovation on sustainable city logistics.

Current measures for mobility management and freight distribution in Lucca REGULATIONS AND ITS FOR MOBILITY AND FREIGHT TRANSPORT ü Access regulations, by-laws and plans, levering on: • Level of Emissions • (EURO 1, . . , 5, FEV) • User category • Time windows • Focus on freight transport ü Historic centre is a Limited Traffic Zone (LTZ) with Access Control System ü Historic centre inside a wider Environmental Zone ü Development of pedestrian area since 1976 ü Further implementation on going of access control system for mobility management

Load and Unload Areas (LAAs) – Demostration Phase ü Demo from November 2 nd ü 12 LAAs ü Compulsory for several categories of transport operarators ü Ratio: avoid the presence of vans with the highest level of commercial activities

Experimenting a Urban Consolidation Centre (UCC) in Lucca: the LIFE CEDM project. CEDM City Distribution Terminal Logistics BASE

The LIFE CEDM Project in Lucca. DEMOSTRATION PHASE temporary logistics base Boxes 1&2 c/o Fruit & Vegetable Market Comune di Lucca

Serchio river Historic centre The CEDM Project in Lucca. CEDM Logistics Base: Final location LUCCAPORT location Highway Gate Railway Station

From CEDM to Lucca. Port: the headquarter

Lucca. Port fleet Development and implementation of advanced city logistics concepts in Lucca

Lucca. Port Commercial services for eco-friendly goods distribution

Management and Financial Aspects Management and organization are critical factor: ü in many cases determined the failure of several initiative of city logistics innovation. Approach taken in Lucca, based on three main general directions: ü Strong local consensus among the involved stakeholders and user categories. ü Building up a management organization initial control by the Public Administration (start-up phase) plan of gradual transition to private or public stakeholders, once the economic sustainability is consolidated (consolidation phase) currently operated by METRO ü Public tendering before end 2015 – appointment up to 2030

Relevant social and environmental benefits Reduction of impacts due to freight transport in the historic city centre: ü Reduced total number of vehicles ü Improved distribution schemes: load optimisation (consolidation) and improvement of delivery routes ü Development of added-value innovative services ü Eco-friendly delivery vehicles üReduced environmental impacts (air quality, noise pollution) üReduced hazards for historical buildings üIncreased pedestrian safety üImproved quality of life in the historical centre üCreation of a “specific round table” for logistics processes üCreation of new occupational opportunities

Municipality vision Stakeholders involvement and fund raising Involvement of local Administration and Authorities facing city logistics issues Regional, National and European funding, to implement activities sustained by local resources according to a proper and effective action plan Integration of city logistics issues and goals in relevant city plans: SULP Town planning acts Environmental and energy plans Participation of local stakeholders (Chambers of Commerce, Professional Association, Transport operators, etc. ) Participation to relevant movement and initiatives: CIVITAS Network Convenant of Mayors (from 2013) Logical Town Association City logistics optimization: eight strategic goals to 2030

Lucca. Port Branding, communication and dissemination The website: www. luccaport. it, also available in English Brochure & Services charter

Lucca. Port Targeted communication Contest, comics, video, . .

Siena

Siena: some data ü ü ü ü ü 55. 000 inh. + 17. 000 university student + 13. 000 daily commuters 3 M/year tourists (500 K private cars + 30 K buses) Network of historic narrow streets with high gradients Presence of LTZ (mostly pedestrian), controlled by access control system with Access control in entrance and in exit 750 shops in the inner centre, 150/160 ton/day of freight delivered 450 commercial vehicles circulating with low load factor By-laws for goods distribution: access permits, time windows Incentivizing consolidation process though a specific regulation (last rev. 2003. 06. 03 CC 181) appointing 12 full time access license (Taxi Merci, Freight taxi) under certain conditions Relevance of the local governance with the trade and transport operator association and with the local Chamber of Commerce

Taxi Merci in Siena (Cotas Logistica Srl) ü ü ü 450 commercial vehicles circulating with low load factor 18 associated partner (freight taxi licences) under COTAS LOGISTICA New 2000 m 2 warehouse, with freeze depots. New added value services provided (bulky service, third party warehouse, hotel service, Agreement with important operators (i. e. TNT, DHL, Bartolini,

Taxi Merci in Siena (Cotas Logistica Srl) Bottom up approach Cost per delivery at UCC 6 Euro up 100 kg for Transport operator Cost per pickup at the transport operator HUB 3 Euro up 15 kg N. Deliveries 400 -500 25% of the overall deliveries in Siena 18 vans, 3, 5 t Iveco Daily (diesel) Planning introduction of FEVs

VICENZA

Vicenza: some data ü ü ü 115, 927 population Relevant tourist flows UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1994 “City of Palladio” and palladian villas in the surrounding Network of historic narrow streets Presence of LTZ (mostly pedestrian), controlled by access control system with Access control in entrance ü Commercial shops in the inner centre ü Since 2004, establishment of a UCC Top down approach

VICENZA – «La Veloce» In 2004 the Municipality established: - Vicenza Eco Logistics Center (La Veloce), a Urban Consolidation centre operating strictly with FEVs - Governance with other stakeholders - a by-law limiting the access of the LTZ area to many categories of transport operators - Litigation with the National Association of Express couriers - Trial with the Regional Administrative Court and appeal to the National Administrative court - Final Judgement approved Vicenza (2009). Favourable jurisprudence for all other town - Plans for further development of the UCC, balance in the black, extended DTZ, extended services including ned goods categories, very good environmental results

- promotes sustainable city logistics models in order to reduce the environmental and social impact of freight distribution in the urban centres, to improve urban environment and citizen’s quality of life. - www. logicaltown. eu

Thank you for your kind attention! Contacts Stefan Guerra stefan. guerra@lucense. it info@logicaltown. eu www. enclose. eu