UPRRriver Prock X Un Ivers Ity of Puerto

UPR-R(river) P(rock) X Un. Ivers. Ity of Puerto RIco Co. DR October 4, 2011 Presentation Version 1. 0 2012 Co. DR 1

Co. DR Presentation Content • Section 1: Mission Overview – Theory and Concepts – Mission Requirements (brief, top level) – Concept of Operations – Expected Results • Section 3: Management – Team Organization – Schedule – Budget – Mentors (Faculty, industry) • Section 2: Design Overview – Functional Block Diagrams – Payload Layout – Rock. Sat-X 2011 User’s Guide Compliance • Section 4: Conclusions 2012 Co. DR 2

Section 1 Mission Overview 2012 Co. DR 3

Mission Overview Mission Statement In representation of the University of Puerto Rico, as a team we intend to get involved in the renewed project Rock. Sat X 2012. Our purpose is: • To expand our knowledge and that of others in aerospace related areas. Carefully selected, the experiment that will be carried out includes mass spectroscopy to analyze molecular species and their respective partial pressures in near space. Also, we’re going to apply our new knowledge so that we don’t make the same mistakes. • In this way we will contribute with valuable information for interstellar travel and advances benefiting the space bound crew to collect and replenish essential resources such as water and fuel. We will try our best to bring new and useful data to our investigation. 2012 Co. DR 4

Mission Overview Carrying out this experiment involves a set of minimum requirements. Our main tool will be two mass spectrometers (Residual Gas Analyzer, RGA) that will identify molecular species from 1 to 200 amu. Computers need to be modified for the communication with the mass spectrometry by telemetry. This is one of the most important requisites needed to carry out the project properly. It is also necessary to have a basic knowledge of science in the areas of chemistry and physics to understand several events/concepts that will be taking place. 2012 Co. DR 5

Mission Overview 1. We want to encourage future space voyagers to use gas molecules present in outer space to capture and synthesize necessary resources, such as water and fuel. 2. In this experiment, we expect to determine the abundance of different types of gas molecules that exist in the outer atmosphere and near outer space, using mass spectroscopy. 2012 Co. DR 6

Mission Overview • Our data will provide preliminary information about the type of molecular gases that are found at different altitudes and densities. • With this data, scientists can develop and apply mass spectrometry mechanisms for the capture and separation of specific species of gas molecules, or atoms to make the necessary resources needed in long distance space flights. 2012 Co. DR 7

Theory and Concepts • • • The Mass Spectrometry (MS) is an instrumental analytical method used to determine atomic masses using the combined properties of mass and electric charge. This will help to detect and measure the relative abundances of atomic and molecular species. The instrument will also measure the total amount of gas and the partial pressures of the species studied. The substances identified by electric charge/mass ratio will be: – Positively charge the molecules (ionize them). – Accelerate the ions through an alternating electromagnetic field that acts as a filter. – Detect the number of charged species vs. atomic mass. 2012 Co. DR 8

How the instrument works: Magnetic Filter Electro-Magnetic Filter Some limitations: • Big and Heavy magnet weight is over 500 lbs. • Limited Flexibility Some Advantage • Small and lighter ionizer and quadruple weight is 5 lbs. • More flexible to modifies to this experimentation 2012 Co. DR 9

How the instrument works (1): Step 1 Create the ions • Measure the amount of the gas • Measure the amount of the electrons that pass through by the source grid • Measure the partial pressure • Produce a beam of electrons [70 e. V] creating ions of the species • Create a magnetic potential to accelerate the 2012 ions through the quadruple Co. DR

How the instrument works (2): Step 2 Filter the ions • A quadruple mass filter consisting of an arrangement of 4 metal rods with a time-varying electrical voltage of the proper amplitude and frequency applied • This mechanism helps us to select which ions will pass by his charge which is relative to their masses. • The instrument can be program to scan only selected mass, applying a specific current, move and measure only the mass that we want to measure. 2012 • Or can scan all the mass to 1 – 200 amu and see what we have in the time. Co. DR

How the instrument works (3): Step 3 Detect the filtered ions • The ions that pass through the mass filter are focused toward a Faraday cup and the current is measured with a sensitive ammeter. • The resultant signal being proportional to the partial pressure of the particular ion species passed by the mass filter. 2012 Co. DR

How the instrument works (4): Step 4 Amplify the signal • Amplifies the current that the faraday cup receive approximately 10 -14 amps. • The ions striking the B/A detector wire produce a comparatively larger -9 amps at 3. 3 x 10 -7 Torr. current, on the order of 102012 Co. DR

Concept of Operations Altitude t ≈ 1. 7 min Altitude: 95 km t ≈ 4. 0 min Re. Scan, Deployment of secong MS Altitude: 95 km Apogee Start recovery sequences t ≈ 1. 3 min t ≈ 2. 8 min Altitude: 80 km Altitude: ≈120 km Star Ionizing, Mass Spectra t ≈ 4. 5 min Altitude: 80 km Retract Complete End of Orion Burn and Filaments ON t ≈ 5. 5 min t ≈ 0. 6 min Chute Deploys Altitude: 60 km t = 0 min t ≈ 15 min -G switch triggered Splash Down -All systems on 2012 Co. DR 14

Expected Results • Mass Spectrometry output results in an integrated mass spectrum with all identifiable species represented by characteristic fragments of specific mass/charge ratio in specific proportions. • Analyzing the results will determine what species are in the lower outer space. – Verify the near space and space composition. – Identify possible sources of energy and/or useful materials. – Help and contribute to the scientific community. 2012 Co. DR 15

Expected gases in our atmosphere Concentration of N 2, O 3, He N 2, O 2, Ar, CO 2 He, Ne, Kr, Xe, H 2, N 2 O CH 4, O 3, H 2 O, CO, NO 2, NH 3, SO 2, H 2 S 16 2012 Co. DR 16

Now, why two Mass Spectrometer? • Analyzing the expected results, we conclude that we need two different MS. In the first one, it’s quadruple will measures all masses between 1 and 200 amu, to see all the species and their fragments that are in the outer space. In the second one, it’s quadruple will measures just the masses that we select to look, programming the instrument. This will help to verify the composition of the atmosphere. 2012 Co. DR 17

Section 2 Design Overview 2012 Co. DR 18

Design Overview • We will use a stacked configuration. • The sensor will be the same as a previous flight, two Mass Spectrometers. Mass Spectrometer #2 Mass Spectrometer #1 2012 Co. DR 19

Modifications & Improvements Modifications Improvements • Improve Power supply. • Improve Actuator devices. • Replace all cables that were not made of teflon cable insulators. • All wiring harness must have independent connectors. • Software v. 2. 0 (UNIX Space Programming) 2012 Co. DR 20

Subsystem Overview 2012 Co. DR 21

System Level Block Diagram 2012 Co. DR

Trade Studies • For mainboard considering cost, number serial ports, power requirements and form factor, option A for the prototype will be VIA EITX-3001 Em-ITX. • For I/O Board considering cost, configuration options and form factor, option A for the prototype will be RS 232 Relay Controller 4 -Channel 5 Amp SPDT + 8 Channel 8/10 -Bit A/D which has more option for configuring the relay and has a smaller footprint. 2012 Co. DR 23

Risk Matrix Consequence Risk 1 Risk 4 Risk 3 Risk 2 Possibility Risk 1 – Computer system crash during flight and data could not be collected mission objectives could not be completed. Risk 2 – A boom arm failure during deployment occurs and probe performs measurements inside the payload. Risk 3 – Telemetry error between x 86 computer and wallops leaving experiment data only on the payload storage which will have survive landing on the sea. Risk 4 – Power failure on some of the component making function ability limited. 2012 Co. DR 24

Design Description 2012 Co. DR 25

Mechanical Design elements Mechanical Front view design 2012 Co. DR 26

3 D image of our payload 2012 Co. DR 27

Actual Payload 2012 Co. DR 28

Mass Spectrometer 2012 Co. DR 29

Exploded Mass Spectrometer with Electronics 2012 Co. DR 30

Ionizer Assembly and Quadrupole Filter 2012 Co. DR 31

Mass Spectrometer RF Electronics Stack and Computer Control 2012 Co. DR 32

Electrical design element 2012 Co. DR 33

System Electrical. Diagram 2012 Co. DR 34

Wallops Interfacing: Power Connector--Customer Side Pin Function 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Computer Power DC to DC power in (24 V) DC to DC power in (12 V) Ground Computer Power Boom arm 1 Boom arm 2 Ground 2012 Co. DR 35

Wallops Interfacing: Telemetry Connector--Customer Side Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Function TBD TBD TBD to mainboard parallel port to mainboard parallel port not used ground Pin 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Function to mainboard parallel port to mainboard parallel port to mainboard parallel port not used to mainboard COM 1 not used ground 2012 Co. DR Analog to digital converters line are not being use in the payload design for now because all sensor communicate via serial port to the computer directly 36

User Guide Compliance Requirement Status/Reason (If needed) Center of gravity in 1” plane of plate Yes Max Height< 12” No – 14” Within Keep-Out Yes Using < 10 A/D Lines Not in use Using/Understand Parallel Line Not in use Using/Understand Asynchronous Line 19200 Baud Using X GSE Line (s) 1 Using X Redundant Power Lines 1 Using X Non-Redundant Power Lines 3 Using < 1 Ah Total Ah 0. 349 Using ≤ 28 V 24 V & 12 V Weight ≤ 30 lbs. No - 35 lbs. 2012 Co. DR 37

Section 3 Management 2012 Co. DR 38

Team Organization 2011 -2012 Rocksat X 2012 Team Organization Oscar Resto (Mentor/PI) Jaime Santillán (Team leader) Eduardo Feliciano (Secretary) Aihab Aboukheir (Timekeeper) Gladys Muñoz (Faculty Support) Pedro Meléndez Software Technical Leader Samalis Santini Team Member Inés Robles (Team Member) Edith Alicea (Team Member) Eva Frontera (Team Member) Gloricel Ramos (Team Member) Gabriela Padilla (Team Member) Luis Betancourt (Team Member) Adriel Ortiz (Team Member) Marie C. Padín (Team Member) Felix Santiago (Team Member) Laura Bimbela (Team Member) Christian Almanzar (Team Member) Angélica Guzmán (Team Member) Abraham García (Team Member) Maxier Acosta (Team Member) Milarys Hernández (Team Member) Edgardo Martínez (Team Member) Rodrigo Morell (Team Member) Orlando X Nieves (Team Member) 2012 Co. DR 39

Schedule Date 8/30/2011 Overview of the Satellite 9/13/2011 Overview of Rocksat-X 9/20/2011 Team Organization 9/21/2011 Team Organization with Shawn Carroll 9/27/2011 Group Meeting for Co. DR 10/4/2011 Group Meeting for Co. DR / Critical Design Review (Co. DR - Due) 10/11/2011 Critical Design Review (Co. DR) Teleconference / Payload Assessment • The entire schedule will be made after the Payload Assessment. 2012 Co. DR 41

Budget We are going to determine the budget after we work with the payload assessment, because we were working with the presentation first. 2012 Co. DR 42

Section 4 Conclusions 2012 Co. DR 43

Conclusions In representation of the University of Puerto Rico, as a team forming the Rocksat X 2012 project, we intend to accomplish a successful launch an experiment in order to expand our knowledge in aerospace related areas. The experiments performed in space were mass spectroscopy to analyze molecular species and their respective partial pressures. As this project was launched before, the focus will be to acquire complete data about the partial pressure of the species’ masses found in near space and space so a publication could be made with a more general amount of data. 2012 Co. DR 44