Upgrade 2 Unit 5 Grammar Reference Past Perfect

Upgrade 2 - Unit 5 Grammar Reference Past Perfect Continuous

Honey, did you pay the bills I asked you to? Unfortunately not! When I arrived at the bank, it had already closed!

Past Perfect We use the Past Perfect to talk about an action in the past before another action in the past. It is frequently used to report what someone else said or thought. For example: When I arrived at the station the bus had already left. João told me that he had traveled with his wife.

When I arrived at the station, the bus had already left. The bus left. 2: I arrived at the station. PAST da ve rri Ia the bu sl eft t th es tat ion 1: PRESENT FUTURE

AFFIRMATIVE FORM I You He We She You It They had traveled.

NEGATIVE FORM I You He We She You It had not They had not hadn’t traveled.

INTERROGATIVE FORM I you Had he we she you it they traveled?

Past Perfect Continuous It is similar to the Past Perfect Simple. However, the continuous form expresses longer actions before another action in the past. It is also similar to the Present Perfect Continuous. Nevertheless, instead of the time being NOW, the time is the PAST. For example: • I had been waiting in the line for hours until I could finally pay my bills. • I had been waiting for hours, when my wife arrived.

I had been waiting for hours when my wife arrived. waiting 2: the wife arrived PAST fe wi the wa itin g ar riv ed 1: PRESENT FUTURE

AFFIRMATIVE FORM I You He We She You It They had been waiting.

NEGATIVE FORM I You He We She You It had not been They had not hadn’t waiting.

INTERROGATIVE FORM I you Had he we she you it they been waiting?

And you? Had you studied English before you started studying in your current school? How long had you been waiting before this class started?