Updates to the ERICA Tool Nick Beresford Justin

ERICA Tool updates Since 2007 release have been updates ØTypically addressing ‘bugs’ Copyright ©

ERICA Tool updates Since 2007 release have been updates ØTypically addressing ‘bugs’ The 2014 release will have more substantial updates ØDefault radionuclides ØCR & kd values revised ØReference organisms ØEMCL values Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Radionuclides Added: Ba-140, Ca-45, Cr-51, Cf-252, Ir-192, La-140, Pa -231 & Zn-65 ERICA now consistent with ICRP (Publication 108 & 114) radionuclide lists for their developing RAP approach CRs, kds, DCC & EMCLs generated for the new default radionuclides Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Reference organisms Added freshwater reptile ØThere are European protected freshwater reptile species Removed bird egg ØLack of CR values and inconsistent with other organisms Marine macroalgae – geometry now consistent with ICRP 108 (increase in mass from 0. 0065 kg to 0. 652 kg) Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Reference organisms Some changes in naming Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Transfer parameters December 2013 version of Wildlife Transfer Database used to revise ERICA Tool ØHave used data at broad wildlife group level – no justification to use more refined categories on basis of analyses conducted to date Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Transfer parameters December 2013 version of Wildlife Transfer Database used to revise ERICA Tool ØHave used data at broad wildlife group level – no justification to use more refined categories on basis of analyses conducted to date c. 1500 CR values required for the ERICA Tool Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

CRwo-media – what’s changed Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Wildlife Transfer Database • On-line CR database compiled - initially under remit of IAEA

Evolution to the IAEA/ICRP New & review data Wildlife Database ICRP 114 & IAEA TRS 479 FASSET ERICA EPIC IAEA 422 USDOE R&D 128 Canadian U-mine industry COG monitoring data Russian language literature SKB reports Japanese estuaries Australian data Data from new studies Post ERICA literature review. . . . and more 86979 CRwo values 24883 CRwo-sediment 71 elements Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Publications See JER website for others ‘analysing’ database & Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Evolution since 2011 Wildlife Database ICRP 114 & IAEA TRS 479 c. 17, 000 additional CR values added (>80 elements) Barnett et al in-press ‘UK RAP site’ Sheppard studies Canada NIRS estuarine data USA plant and invertebrate data (Napier) Review of Australian data (Hirth/Johansen) US weapons test sites Pu data (Johansen) STUK monitoring data Post 2011 literature (not comprehensive) 86979 CRwo values 24883 CRwo-sediment ERICA revision Some refs out BUT ID numbers will not be reused QC Repeat entries Outliers investigated Conversion errors Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

http: //www. wildlifetransferdatabase. org/ Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Transfer parameters – ERICA Tool December 2013 version of Wildlife Transfer Database used to revise ERICA Tool ØHave used data at broad wildlife group level – no justification to use more refined categories on basis of analyses conducted to date c. 1500 CR values required for ERICA Tool ØApproximately 50% derived from empirical data Ø Extrapolation/Guidance approaches to provide missing data still required kd received less attention than CR ØTried to minimise previous use of marine kds in freshwater ecosystems Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Extrapolation in ERICA 2014 Option 10 – includes approaches to derive pdf (mean and

Will change in ERICA 2014 version Option 10 – includes approaches to derive missing pdfs (mean and standard deviation) Information on how derived is given in Tool Data for elements not included in Tool used to derive default values for options 4 & 5 where appropriate (e. g. Cu used to provide some Ag CR values) Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

ee CR Terrestrial (Cs) Tr ru b Sh e til ep R d po tro as -g g in w ge ar -l rro bu al m es yt bs er H ph yo Br al l- sc sm lu ol M al - m am M & am M n he & rd Bi s in se ct us 1 E+0 Li c es ng yi Fl or o id ne l An tiv et ri -d ra ss G po d ro th Ar n ib ia ph Am Example changes in CR n isio al v o r P 1 E-1 1 E-2 2014 2007 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

sc ee Tr ru b Sh e til ep CR Terrestial (Po) R d po tro as -g g in w ge ar -l es yt ph bs er H rro bu al m al l- & rd Bi s us in se ct yo Br am & sm lu ol al - M m am M M en ch Li es ng yi Fl or o id ne l An tiv et ri -d ra ss G po d ro th Ar n ib ia ph Am Example changes in CR 1 E+0 al ion s i v Pro 1 E-1 2014 2007 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

nt ile to n ep t R an k h n to fis la rp ul a op l Zo sc Va c nk la op yt Ph gi la Pe m al ae rv la M am ct po d ea n ac tro -g as In se sc lu st rd h ve al -b iv ru C sc lu Bi fis n 1 E+1 M ol hi c nt Be ia ph ib Am Example changes in CR Freshwater CR (Ra) 1 E+0 2014 2007 v o r P n isio al Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

ile ep t to n t an pl an k R op l ar ul n to Freshwater CR (U) Zo sc Va h fis nk la op yt Ph c gi la Pe m al ae rv la M am ct ea n ve rd h po d tro -g as In se sc lu ac st al -b iv ru C sc lu Bi fis n 1 E+1 M ol hi c nt Be ia ph ib Am Example changes in CR l na o i vis o r P 1 E+0 2014 2007 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

ea la nk op n to t an pl v Pro Zo ar ul l ra co CR Marine (Am) sc ue Tr e til or m ep R w h on nk t fis 1 E+1 Va s/ on e em an e et ha yc Po l la op yt Ph c la gi Pe al m am M ga e al an ve al h fis ac e ro ac M st ic iv -b ru C sc lu M ol nt h Be rd Bi Example changes in CR is al n io 1 E+0 2014 2007 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Example changes in Kd 1 E+1 Marine Kd 1 E+0 1 E-1 Ag Am

Example changes in Kd 1 E+1 Freshwater Kd 1 E+0 l 1 E-1 v

Distributions CR and kd l Where an SD available then lognormal distribution assumed l Original ERICA Tool assumed exponential distributions when Ø no SD value for CR or kd Ø data extrapolation approach used to derive CR value l This did not make best use of available information and can likely lead to some extreme EMCL estimates l For revised Tool database l Tried to derive default SD values when not available and hence assume lognormal & not exponential distributions Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Marine kd – distribution change e. g. Ag Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Corrections in Tool l Terrestrial amphibian and reptile – default occupancy now 100% in

Revised EMCL values The EMCL is the media activity concentration that gives rise to the screening dose rate (10 µGy/h) to the most exposed organism – used in Tier 1 All need to be recalculated using revised parameters (kd & CR (+ associated pdfs), occupancy, DCCs) Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

-1 10 Am m -2 41 C -1 C 4 d 10 C 9 e 14 C 1 e 14 4 C l. C 36 m -2 C 42 m -2 C 43 m -2 44 C o 57 C o 58 C o 6 C 0 s 13 C 4 s 13 C 5 s 13 C 6 s 13 Eu 7 -1 5 Eu 2 -1 54 H -3 I-1 25 I-1 29 I-1 31 I-1 32 I-1 3 M 3 n 54 N b 95 N i-5 9 N i-6 N 3 p 23 7 P 32 P 3 Pb 3 -2 1 Po 0 -2 1 Pu 0 -2 3 Pu 8 -2 3 Pu 9 -2 4 Pu 0 -2 4 R 1 a 22 R 6 a 22 R 8 u 10 R 3 u 10 6 S 3 Sb 5 -1 2 Sb 4 -1 25 Se -7 9 Sr -8 9 Sr -9 0 Tc Te -99 -1 29 Te m -1 3 Th 2 -2 2 Th 7 -2 2 Th 8 -2 3 Th 0 -2 3 Th 1 -2 32 Th -2 34 U -2 35 U -2 38 Zr - Ag 1 E+1 Revised EMCL values - terrestrial 1 E+0 l v o r P na o i is 1 E-1 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

1 E-2 -1 1 Am 0 m -2 41 C C 14 d 1 C 09 e 1 C 41 e 14 4 C l C -36 m -2 C 42 m -2 C 43 m -2 4 C 4 o 5 C 7 o 5 C 8 o. C 60 s 1 C 34 s 1 C 35 s 1 C 36 s 1 Eu 37 -1 Eu 52 -1 54 H -3 I-1 25 I-1 29 I-1 31 I-1 32 I-1 3 M 3 n 5 N 4 b 95 N i-5 9 N i. N 63 p 23 7 P 32 PPb 33 -2 Po 10 -2 Pu 38 -2 Pu 39 -2 Pu 40 -2 R 41 a 2 R 26 a 2 R 28 u 1 R 03 u 10 6 SSb 35 -1 Sb 24 -1 2 Se 5 -7 9 Sr -8 9 Sr -9 0 Tc Te -99 -1 29 Te m -1 3 Th 2 -2 2 Th 7 -2 2 Th 8 -2 3 Th 0 -2 3 Th 1 -2 3 Th 2 -2 3 U 4 -2 3 U 5 -2 38 Zr -9 5 Ag Revised EMCL values 1 E+1 Marine water 1 E+0 1 E-1 l v Pro na o i is Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Revised EMCL values l 1 E+1 Marine sediment na o i vis Pro 1

Ag-110 m Am-241 C-14 Cd-109 Ce-141 Ce-144 Cl-36 Cm-242 Cm-243 Cm-244 Co-57 Co-58 Co-60 Cs-134 Cs-135 Cs-136 Cs-137 Eu-152 Eu-154 H-3 I-125 I-129 I-131 I-132 I-133 Mn-54 Nb-95 Ni-59 Ni-63 Np-237 P-32 P-33 Pb-210 Po-210 Pu-238 Pu-239 Pu-240 Pu-241 Ra-226 Ra-228 Ru-103 Ru-106 S-35 Sb-124 Sb-125 Se-79 Sr-89 Sr-90 Tc-99 Te-129 m Te-132 Th-227 Th-228 Th-230 Th-231 Th-232 Th-234 U-235 U-238 Zr-95 Revised EMCL values Freshwater - water 1, 00 E+01 al v Pro n o i s i 1, 00 E+00 1, 00 E-01 1, 00 E-02 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

1 E+1 Isotope Ag-110 m Am-241 C-14 Cd-109 Ce-141 Ce-144 Cl-36 Cm-242 Cm-243 Cm-244 Co-57 Co-58 Co-60 Cs-134 Cs-135 Cs-136 Cs-137 Eu-152 Eu-154 H-3 I-125 I-129 I-131 I-132 I-133 Mn-54 Nb-95 Ni-59 Ni-63 Np-237 P-32 P-33 Pb-210 Po-210 Pu-238 Pu-239 Pu-240 Pu-241 Ra-226 Ra-228 Ru-103 Ru-106 S-35 Sb-124 Sb-125 Se-79 Sr-89 Sr-90 Tc-99 Te-129 m Te-132 Th-227 Th-228 Th-230 Th-231 Th-232 Th-234 U-235 U-238 Zr-95 Revised EMCL values Freshwater - sediment na o i is v o Pr l 1 E+0 1 E-1 1 E-2 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Benchmarks 40 µGy/h will apply to aquatic mammals & birds Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Tier 2 – uncertainty factors Current UF values of 3 and 5 used ØIntended

Tier 2 – uncertainty factors Demonstrated that UFs of 7 and 28 approximate to

Future changes ØMultiple site/time entry functionality Ø Revised IAEA SRS dispersion models Ø Include ICRP DCRLs Ø Dosimetry – half-life rules? Ø Rn models? Ø Noble gases? Ø SRS approach for continuous terrestrial releases? Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

On-line Q&A www. ceh. ac. uk/PROTECT/ Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Refresher course Intending to run a short update course once new Tool version released under the STAR No. E Will try to do this as webinar To register an interest email clb@ceh. ac. uk Note also willing to tailor course to needs (e. g. two run in Australia) Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

See also: ICRER abstract on changes to the Wildlife Transfer Database: Beresford et al. P-104 ICRER abstract on updating Environmental Media Concentration Limits and Uncertainty factors in the ERICA Tool: Brown et al. P-127 From: https: //intranet. pacificomeetings. com/amsysweb/publicacion. Online. jsf? id =146 Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE

Thanks to: B. Alfonso (Facilia Sweden) D. Copplestone (University of Stirling, UK) A. Hosseini (NRPA, Norway) E. Dagher (CNSC, Canada) G. Hirth (ARPANSA, Australia) M. Johansen (ANSTO, Australia) J. Napier (University of Oregon, USA) I. Outola (STUK, Finland) S. Sheppard (ECOMatters, Canada) S. Uchida (NIRS, Japan) C. Wells, C. L. Barnett (NERC-CEH, UK) Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE