Unleashing Small PV Rusty Haynes N C Solar

Unleashing Small PV Rusty Haynes N. C. Solar Center / DSIRE N. C. State University Solar Power International Los Angeles, CA October 12, 2010

DSIRE Overview www. dsireusa. org • Created in 1995 • Funded by DOE / NREL • Managed by N. C. Solar Center; works closely with IREC • Scope = government & utility incentives & policies that promote RE & EE • ~ 2, 500 total summaries • ~200, 000 users/month • DSIRE Solar (dsireusa. org/solar) • my. DSIRE (mydsireusa. org)

Unleashing Small PV Top Policy Considerations 1. Massive up-front expenditures by end-user = BAD Solutions: 3 rd-party PPAs, solar leases, PACE, community solar 2. Direct cash incentives = GOOD Options: rebates, grants, PBIs, REC payments Program structure: stable, long-term, transparent 3. Grid access + fair compensation = GOOD Includes: IC standards, net metering, pro-solar rate structures

3 rd-Party Solar PPA Viability www. dsireusa. org / October 2010 UT: limited to certain sectors AZ: limited to certain sectors NM: effective 1/1/2011 At least 17 states + PR authorize or allow 3 rd-party solar PPAs Authorized by state or otherwise currently in use Apparently disallowed by state or otherwise restricted by legal barriers Status unclear or unknown Puerto Rico Note: This map is intended to serve as an unofficial guide; it does not constitute legal advice. Seek qualified legal expertise before making binding financial decisions related to a 3 rd-party PPA. See following slide for authority references.

PACE Financing www. dsireusa. org / October 2010 ME: 2010 NH: 2010 VT: 2009 MN: 2010 NY: 2009 OR: 2009 WI: 2009 NV: 2009 IL: 2009 CO: 2008 OH: 2009 MD: 2009 DC CA: 2008 VA: 2009 MO: 2010 DC: 2010 NC: 2009 NM: 2009 OK: 2009 TX: 2009 LA: 2009 GA: 2010 FL: 2010 HI: Existing Authority 23 states + DC authorize PACE financing authorized by the state* * The FHFA issued a statement in July 2010 concerning the senior lien status associated with most PACE programs. Most local PACE programs have been suspended as a result of this statement.

Direct Cash Incentives for Solar www. dsireusa. org / September 2010 U U U U State Direct Cash Incentives for PV State Direct Cash Incentives for Solar Water Heating State Direct Cash Incentives for both PV and Solar Water Heating U Utility Direct Cash Incentive(s) for PV and/or Solar Water Heating U U DC U U RI U U U VT MA U U U NH U U U. S. Virgin Islands Puerto Rico U 32 states +DC, PR & USVI offer direct cash incentives for solar projects

Net Metering www. dsireusa. org / October 2010 WA: 100 MT: 50* ND: 100* OR: 25/2, 000* MN: 40 UT: 25/2, 000* CO: no limit MA: 60/1, 000/2, 000* WI: 20* NE: 25 NV: 1, 000* IL: 40* NY: 10/25/500/2, 000* PA: 50/3, 000/5, 000* IN: 10* KS: 25/200* MO: 100 KY: 30* VA: 20/500* NC: 1, 000* NJ: no limit* DC DE: 25/500/2, 000* MD: 2, 000 WV: 25/50/500/2, 000 AR: 25/300 GA: 10/100 DC: 1, 000 LA: 25/300 AK: 25* FL: 2, 000* HI: 100 KIUC: 50 State policy Voluntary utility program(s) only * CT: 2, 000* OH: no limit* OK: 100* NM: 80, 000* RI: 1, 650/2, 250/3, 500* MI: 150* IA: 500* co-ops & munis: 10/25 AZ: no limit* VT: 20/250/2, 200 NH: 100 WY: 25* CA: 1, 000* ME: 660 co-ops & munis: 100 PR: 25/1, 000 43 states + DC & PR have adopted a net metering policy State policy applies to certain utility types only (e. g. , investor-owned utilities) Note: Numbers indicate individual system capacity limit in k. W. Some limits vary by customer type, technology and/or application. Other limits might also apply. This map generally does not address statutory changes until administrative rules have been adopted to implement such changes.

Contact: Rusty Haynes DSIRE Project Manager N. C. Solar Center / NCSU Raleigh, NC 27695 919. 513. 0445 rusty_haynes@ncsu. edu