University of Tehran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Comparative

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University of Tehran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Comparative Anatomy of Urinary System By :

University of Tehran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Comparative Anatomy of Urinary System By : Dr, N. Goodarzi Ph. D of veterinary anatomy

Urinary system • • Kidneys or Renes Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra

Urinary system • • Kidneys or Renes Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra

Function • • Urine production Balance of fluids and salt of body Osmotic blood

Function • • Urine production Balance of fluids and salt of body Osmotic blood pressure Recived 25% of cardiac output

Shape of kidney § Bean shaped in carnivores and small ruminant § Heart shaped

Shape of kidney § Bean shaped in carnivores and small ruminant § Heart shaped in horse (right kidney) § Lobulate in OX

Topography of kidney q Sublumbar and Retroperitoneal organs q Right kidney lies more cranially

Topography of kidney q Sublumbar and Retroperitoneal organs q Right kidney lies more cranially in Dog and Horse q Left kidney lies caudal and ventral of right kidney in ruminant

q Surfaces : Dorsal s. Ventral s. q borders : Lateral b. Medial b.

q Surfaces : Dorsal s. Ventral s. q borders : Lateral b. Medial b. q Extrimity : Cranial Ext. Caudal Ext.

Renal Lobe q Cortex q Medulla q Renal sinus q Renal crest q Renal

Renal Lobe q Cortex q Medulla q Renal sinus q Renal crest q Renal pelvis , Calix

Renal Pelvis q Renal Pelvis in horse has terminal recess q In carnivores is

Renal Pelvis q Renal Pelvis in horse has terminal recess q In carnivores is T shape q In small ruminanat is ؟ shape

Ureter q Extend from renal pelvis to the neck of urinary bladder q Abdominal

Ureter q Extend from renal pelvis to the neck of urinary bladder q Abdominal part q Pelvic part

Urinary bladder q Apex q Body q Neck q Trigonum vesicae Ligaments of bladder

Urinary bladder q Apex q Body q Neck q Trigonum vesicae Ligaments of bladder : q Lateral ligament q Round ligament q Median ligamnet

Urethra In female : Internal urethral orifice Dorsally connect to the vagina Ventrally connected

Urethra In female : Internal urethral orifice Dorsally connect to the vagina Ventrally connected to the pelvic symphysis Urethralis External urethral orifice In male : Pelvic part Penile part

University of Tehran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Comparative Anatomy of Female genital system By

University of Tehran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Comparative Anatomy of Female genital system By : Dr, N. Goodarzi Ph. D of veterinary anatomy

Female genital system q Ovaries q Tubular organs : Uterine tube or oviduct Uterus

Female genital system q Ovaries q Tubular organs : Uterine tube or oviduct Uterus q Copulatory organ : Vagina Vestibul Vulva

Ovaries q In carnivores : Oval shape : , 1. 5 * 2 cm

Ovaries q In carnivores : Oval shape : , 1. 5 * 2 cm , sublumbar position , caudal of kidneys q In equine : Bean shape , 2*4 cm , sublumbar position , caudal of kidneys q In ruminant : Relatively small , 2 * 3 cm , pelvic inlet position

Ovaries q Broad ligament q Mesovarium q. Ovulation fossa in horse q Tubal end,

Ovaries q Broad ligament q Mesovarium q. Ovulation fossa in horse q Tubal end, suspensory lig. q uterine end, proper lig of ovary q. Ovaran bursa

Oviducts q Uterine tube , Fallopian tube , Salphinx q Infundibulum , abdominal opening

Oviducts q Uterine tube , Fallopian tube , Salphinx q Infundibulum , abdominal opening q Ampulla q Isthmus q Mesosalphinx

Uterus q Uterine horn q Uterine body q Cervix

Uterus q Uterine horn q Uterine body q Cervix

Uterus q Uterine Horn Straight in horse and carnivores , coiled in ruminant Intercornual

Uterus q Uterine Horn Straight in horse and carnivores , coiled in ruminant Intercornual ligament in ruminant

Uterus q Uterine Body Dog : 1 -3 cm , Cat : 1. 5

Uterus q Uterine Body Dog : 1 -3 cm , Cat : 1. 5 cm , Rum : 1 -3 cm , Horse : large

Uterus q Uterine Cervix Dog : very short , Horse : 6 -7 cm

Uterus q Uterine Cervix Dog : very short , Horse : 6 -7 cm , Cow : 10 cm External and Internal uterine orifice Fornix vagina

Vagina , Vestibula q External urethral orifice q Hymen q Suburethral diverticulum in ruminant

Vagina , Vestibula q External urethral orifice q Hymen q Suburethral diverticulum in ruminant q vestibular bulb in carnivores and horse

VULVA q Right and left labia q Vulvar cleft q Dorsal commissure q Ventral

VULVA q Right and left labia q Vulvar cleft q Dorsal commissure q Ventral commissure ( pointed)

University of Tehran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Comparative Anatomy of Male genital system By

University of Tehran Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Comparative Anatomy of Male genital system By : Dr, N. Goodarzi Ph. D of veterinary anatomy

Male genital system : q GONADS Testis q DUCTS seminiferous tubule , straight tubule

Male genital system : q GONADS Testis q DUCTS seminiferous tubule , straight tubule , efferent duct , epididymis , ductus deferens , urethra q COPULATORY ORGAN q. ACCESSORY GENITAL GLANDS prostate , vesicular , bulbourethral glands

Testes q Extremity : Head extremity Tail extremity q Borders : Attached border(Epididymal border)

Testes q Extremity : Head extremity Tail extremity q Borders : Attached border(Epididymal border) Free border q Surfaces : Lateral s. Medial s.

Position of Testis Ruminant : dorsoventral Equine : craniocaudal Carnivores : oblique

Position of Testis Ruminant : dorsoventral Equine : craniocaudal Carnivores : oblique

Covering of Testes q Skin ( Scrotum , Scrotal Raphe) q Tunica Dartus (

Covering of Testes q Skin ( Scrotum , Scrotal Raphe) q Tunica Dartus ( Scrotal septum ) q Spermatic fasciae q Tunica vaginalis parietalis q Tunica vaginalis visceralis Vaginal cavity , Mesorchium , Mesofuniculum , Vaginal ring q Tunica alboginea q Cremaster muscle q Pampiniform plexus Spermatic cord : testicular a. , testicular v. , lymphatic vessel , nerves , mesofuniculum , dactus deferens

Ducts q Seminiferous tubules q Straight tubules q Mediastinum q Rete testis q Dactus

Ducts q Seminiferous tubules q Straight tubules q Mediastinum q Rete testis q Dactus efferent q Epididymis q Ductus deferens q Urethra

Ducts v Epididymis q head , body , tail q testicular bursa q ligament

Ducts v Epididymis q head , body , tail q testicular bursa q ligament of tail of epididymis q Proper ligament of testis

Ducts v Position of Epididymis Large rum : medial Equi : dorsal Small rum

Ducts v Position of Epididymis Large rum : medial Equi : dorsal Small rum : caudomedial Car: dorsolateral

Ducts q Ductus deferens q q Mesoductus deferens Ampulla of ductus deferens (absent in

Ducts q Ductus deferens q q Mesoductus deferens Ampulla of ductus deferens (absent in cat) Ejaculatory duct Colliculus seminalis q o

Copulatory Organ Root , body , free part

Copulatory Organ Root , body , free part

Copulatory Organ q Corpus Cavernosum Penis (C. C. P) Urethral groove q Corpus Spongiosum

Copulatory Organ q Corpus Cavernosum Penis (C. C. P) Urethral groove q Corpus Spongiosum Penis (C. S. P) Bulb of penis q Corpus Spongiosum Glandis (C. S. G)

Type of penis q Fibroelastic : Ruminant q Vermiform process q Tuberculum Spongiosum

Type of penis q Fibroelastic : Ruminant q Vermiform process q Tuberculum Spongiosum

Type of penis q Musculocavernous : Carnivores & Equine

Type of penis q Musculocavernous : Carnivores & Equine

Type of penis q Musculocavernous : Carnivores & Equine q Bulbus glandis q Pars

Type of penis q Musculocavernous : Carnivores & Equine q Bulbus glandis q Pars longa glandis q Os penis

Type of penis q Musculocavernous : Carnivores & Equine q Corona glandis q Column

Type of penis q Musculocavernous : Carnivores & Equine q Corona glandis q Column glandis q Fossa glandis q Urethral process q Urethral sinus

Prepuce q q External lamina Internal lamina Preputial orifice preputial ring in horse

Prepuce q q External lamina Internal lamina Preputial orifice preputial ring in horse

Muscle of male genital system q Urethralis M. q Isciocavernosous M. q Bulospongiosous M.

Muscle of male genital system q Urethralis M. q Isciocavernosous M. q Bulospongiosous M. q Retractor penis M.

Accessory Genital Glands Vesicular Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the

Accessory Genital Glands Vesicular Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the bladder q In equine : Seminal vesicle

Accessory Genital Glands Vesicular Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the

Accessory Genital Glands Vesicular Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the bladder q In Large Ruminant : S shaped , uneven surface

Accessory Genital Glands Vesicular Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the

Accessory Genital Glands Vesicular Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the bladder q In Small Ruminant : round shape

Accessory Genital Glands Prostate Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the

Accessory Genital Glands Prostate Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the neck of the bladder q In Carnivores: body , disseminate part right and left lobe , median groove

Accessory Genital Glands Prostate Gland q Position : Dorsal to the pelvic urethra q

Accessory Genital Glands Prostate Gland q Position : Dorsal to the pelvic urethra q In Equine : body , right and left lobe , Isthmus

Accessory Genital Glands Prostate Gland q Position : Dorsol to the pelvic urethra q

Accessory Genital Glands Prostate Gland q Position : Dorsol to the pelvic urethra q In Large Ruminant : small body , disseminate part right and left lobe ,

Accessory Genital Glands Bulourethral Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the pelvic urethra q

Accessory Genital Glands Bulourethral Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the pelvic urethra q In Equine : club shaped 3 -4 excretory ducts

Accessory Genital Glands Bulourethral Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the pelvic urethra q

Accessory Genital Glands Bulourethral Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the pelvic urethra q In Large Ruminant : club shaped one excretory ducts

Accessory Genital Glands Bulourethral Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the pelvic urethra q

Accessory Genital Glands Bulourethral Gland q Position : Dorsolateral to the pelvic urethra q In Small Ruminant : club shaped one excretory ducts

Blood supply to the penis Internal pudental a. Deep a. Bulbar a. Dorsal a.

Blood supply to the penis Internal pudental a. Deep a. Bulbar a. Dorsal a. C. C. P C. S. P Free part In equine : Internal pudental a. Bulbar a. External pudental a. Dorsal a. Obturator a. Deep a.