United States History Semester Review The New Republic

United States History Semester Review The New Republic to WWII

How did the Protestant Revolution and the religious wars that followed affect European migration to America? a. b. c. d. Many migrated to America to flee religious persecution and practice religious freedom Most migrated to America to convert Native American populations Many migrated to America to engage in the slave trade Many migrated to America to pursue an all water route to the Pacific Ocean

While most New England settlers came for religious reasons, most settlers in the Southern colonies came to pursue: The slave trade b. Economic interests c. An Aristocratic, feudal society d. Freedom from debt prison a.

What economic philosphy fueled colonization ventures while limiting individual financial risk? Royal charters b. Joint stock companies c. Privateers d. Personal patronage a.

Match the following colonial regions with their respective religious characteristic. New England b. Middle Colonies c. Southern Colonies a. A=1, B=3, C=2 1. Puritans 2. Anglican faith 3. Religious tolerance and diversity

Match each region with their colonial description: a. Southern b. Middle c. New England A=3 B=2 C=1 Short growing season, rocky soil, staple crops, shipbuilding, fishing, timber industries 2. Breadbasket of the colonies 3. Primogeniture, plantations, indigo, rice, slave labor 1.

Whose vision of a “City on a hill” formed the basis of the Puritan experiment in Massachusetts? William Penn b. Roger Williams c. John Winthrop d. Cecil Calvert a.

The development of what crop ensured the economic survival of the Jamestown colony? Indigo b. Rice c. Tobacco d. Wheat a.

William Penn’s Quaker experiment established religious tolerance in which middle colony? New York b. Pennsylvania c. Rhode Island d. New Jersey a.

Roger Williams banishment to the wilderness led to the establishment of this colony as a haven of religious tolerance in New England. Connecticut b. Rhode Island c. Massachusetts d. Maine a.

What document, written in 1620, created the first democratic government in America? Fundamental Orders of Connecticut b. Mayflower Compact c. Articles of Confederation d. Constitution a.

The Triangular Trade strongly influenced: The increase of slavery in America b. The production of rum in New England c. A flow of natural resources to England from the American colonies. d. All of the above a.

King Philip’s War (1675 -1676) proved to be the last major Native American resistance to colonial expansion in: Southern colonies b. Georgia c. New England d. Virginia a.

How did Jonathon Edwards famous sermon, “Sinners in the hands of an angry God, ” influence colonial America? It fueled the Great Awakening movement and effectively called the American colonist back to church. b. It led to a more secular period in America c. It discouraged attendance in churches across the colonies d. It led to tighter religious control of the American colonies by England a.

“The American Revolution began at the conclusion of the French and Indian War. ” Support this claim with any three specific historical examples. n n n n Sugar Act Quartering Act Stamp Act Townshend Act Tea Act Coercive Acts Virtual Representation

Identify three major powers denied the Federal government under the Articles of Confederation. n Raise taxes (could only request funds from states) n Regulate trade between states n Forbid states to coin money n No executive branch n No national court system

What rebellion proved to be the “last straw” in calling for changes to the Articles of Confederation? a. Bacon’s Rebellion b. Whiskey Rebellion c. Shay’s Rebellion d. Stono’s Rebellion

Which of the following accurately describes the significance of the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787? It provided for the systematic, orderly settlement of frontier lands and their political development b. It forced the migration of all Native American tribes west of the Mississippi c. It created the immediate annexation of Florida d. It fueled tensions between Great Britain and the United States a.

Match the following A. France enters the war B. Shot heard round the World and started the war C. Decisive battle that forced British surrender A=2, B=3, C=1 Yorktown 2. Saratoga 3. Lexington, Concord 1.

Which of the following is true concerning the Federalist papers? a. They were written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. b. They were essays promoting the ratification of the constitution and a strong federal government. c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B

Which list is in the correct presidential sequence? (Top to bottom, left, right) a. Washington, Jefferson, Adams, Madison, Monroe b. Washington, Adams, Monroe, Jefferson, Madison c. Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe d. Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Monroe, Madison

The presidencies of Washington and Adams (1790’s) was referred to as what period? n A. Republican Period n c. Whig Period n B. Federalist Period n d. Revolutionary period

What Secretary of Treasury under Washington established our national economic system? n a. Benjamin Franklin n b. Thomas Jefferson n c. Alexander Hamilton n d. Aaron Burr

What constitutional issue was at the center of the National Bank debate? a. habeas corpus b. 8 th amendment c. Elastic clause d. States Rights

Which event demonstrated the New Republic’s power to enforce the law? a. b. c. d. Shay’s Rebellion Whiskey Rebellion Hartford Convention d. Seneca Falls Convention

What development in the French Revolution resulted in war in Europe and complications in American foreign policy? n A. National Assembly n B. Tennis Court Oath n C. Jacobin’s Reign of Terror n D. National Assembly

Which party supported states’ rights, agriculture and opposed the Bank of the United States? Democratic-Republicans b. Federalists a.

Which party supported a strong central government, a national bank and industrial development? A. Democratic-Republicans B. Federalists

What specific violation of U. S. trading rights took place by the British? Piracy b. impressment c. nullification d. American System a.

What legislation was designed to silence the Democratic. Republicans and posed a direct threat to the first amendment? a. b. c. d. Alien and Sedition Acts Jay’s Treaty Proclamation of Neutrality Marbury v. Madison

Which of the following were valid causes of the War of 1812? British impressment of American sailors b. Anglo-American tensions over the continued presence of British troops in the Ohio River Valley c. Rival Anglo-American claims over Oregon d. Excessive British tariffs imposed on American exports a.

What battle ended the War of 1812 on a high note for the U. S. ? a. b. c. d. A. Battle of New Orleans b. Fort Mc. Henry C. Lake Erie d. defense of Washington Who is pictured below?

Matching in History Match each issue with its corresponding president: a. b. c. d. Midnight Judges Proclamation of Neutrality War of 1812 Embargo Act of 1807 A=2, B=1, C=4, D=3 George Washington 2. John Adams 3. Thomas Jefferson 4. James Madison 1.

Which of the following is not correctly matched? a. b. c. d. Marbury v. Madison- Judicial Review Gibbons v. Ogden- States cannot regulate interstate commerce Mc. Culloch v. Maryland- “The power to tax is the power to destroy” Worcester v. Georgia- Forced the Cherokee from their native lands in Georgia

What is the legacy of Chief Justice John Marshall? The establishment of federal power b. The preservation of states rights c. The protection of individual liberties d. The separation of powers a.

What treaty ended the War of 1812? Treaty of Paris b. Treaty of Versailles c. Treaty of Ghent d. Paris Peace Accords a.

Though the war ended in a draw, what did this stalemate symbolize for the U. S. ? The U. S. had become a military empire b. The U. S had successfully defended its interests and broke all remaining colonial ties with England c. The U. S. had gained extensive territory from Canada d. The U. S. had gained extensive war debt a.

What “system”, proposed by Henry Clay, called for a new 2 nd National Bank, a high tariff and internal improvements? (Era of Good Feelings!) A. Federalist System B. American System C. Whig System D. Hartford Convention

Which president was associated with the Era of Good Feelings? a. b. c. d. James Monroe Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams Thomas Jefferson

What U. S. doctrine told European nations that they could no longer interfere in the Americas? Good Neighbor Policy b. Monroe Doctrine c. Treaty of Ghent d. Proclamation of Neutrality a.

The Adams-Onis treaty resulted in the U. S. acquisition of what territory? A. B. C. D.

John Calhoun’s S. C. Exposition and Protest opposed the Tariff of 1828 on what basis? a. b. c. d. Appeasement Nationalism Nullification Secession

What compromise in 1820 said that Maine would enter “free” and Missouri would enter “slave? ” (And 36, 30’) a. b. c. d. Compromise of 1850 Kansas Nebraska Act Missouri Compromise 3/5 Compromise

What two men were accused by Andrew Jackson of a “corrupt bargain” in the election of 1824? a. b. c. d. John Calhoun and Henry Clay John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay John Tyler and Winfield Scott James Monroe and John Quincy Adams

What political party was formed in Andrew Jackson’s run for the presidency in 1828? Republicans b. Whigs b. Democrats c. Nativists a.

In the tariff crisis of 1832, what state refused to pay the tariff? Virginia b. North Carolina c. South Carolina d. Alabama a.

Why were tariffs a source of sectionalism between the north and south? The north felt unduly penalized by taxes on imports b. Tariffs protected northern industries from foreign competition while causing higher prices for the south c. The north opposed government regulation of business d. Tariffs discouraged slavery in the south a.

Who was the “voice of nullification” from South Carolina? Henry Clay b. Daniel Webster c. Andrew Jackson d. John Calhoun a.

Who helped solve the Missouri Crisis, the tariff crisis of 1832 and the Compromise of 1850? John Calhoun b. Stephen Douglas c. Daniel Webster d. Henry Clay a.

Jackson set this precedent upon taking office by forcing out those in office and hiring those loyal to him and the Democratic party. a. b. c. d. Corrupt bargain spoils system Whig party Missouri Compromise

Jackson deposited the National Banks funds into state banks, know as: a. b. c. d. Specie Circular Hartford Convention Pet Banks Federal Banks

What party was born out of opposition to Andrew Jackson? a. b. c. d. Nativist Party Whig Party Democratic Party Republican Party

Who were the leaders of the Whig Party? a. John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay b. John Calhoun and Preston Brooks c. Daniel Webster and Andrew Jackson d. John Calhoun and Charles Sumner

Who succeeded Andrew Jackson as our 8 th president? a. b. b. c. John Tyler Martin Van Buren Abraham Lincoln d. James K. Polk

Who was our first “Whig” president in the election of 1840? John Tyler b. James Garfield c. William H. Harrison d. Zachary Taylor a.

What effective campaign slogan did Harrison use to win the election? Give ‘em Hell Harry! b. Tippecanoe and Tyler too! c. I like Ike! d. Hero of New Orleans! a.

What great religious revival spawned a spirit of reform in America in the mid-1800’s? The Red Scare b. Hudson River School c. The 2 nd Great Awakening d. Transcendentalism a.

Who established himself as a radical abolitionist and published the Liberator? a. b. b. d. Fredrick Douglas William Lloyd Garrison Harriet Tubman Harriet Beecher Stowe

He was America’s premiere voice of abolition…Escaped slavery and bought his freedom… Fredrick Douglas b. Nat Turner b. Abraham Lincoln d. Sojourner Truth a.

This was America’s 1 st national women’s rights convention held in N. Y. a. Hartford Convention b. Seneca Falls Convention b. Hudson River School d. American Red Cross

She was the conductor of the underground railroad… a. b. c. d. Sojourner Truth Harriet Tubman Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott

Which of the following is incorrectly paired in the 1 st Industrial Revolution? Samuel Morse- Morse Code b. Eli Whitney- Cotton Gin c. John Deere- Tractor d. Cyrus Mc. Cormick- mechanical reaper e. Robert Fulton- steel plow a.

Who were the leading voices of Transcendentalist movement? a. James Fennimore Cooper / Washington Irving b. Ralph Waldo Emerson / Henry David Thoreau c. Noah Webster / Walt Whitman d. Alex de Tocqueville / Edgar Allen Poe

What did the Indian Removal Act of 1830 effectively do? a. Forcibly removed eastern tribes to lands west of the Mississippi River b. Granted citizenship to Native Americans c. d. Forced Native Americans to move onto reservations in the southeastern United States Forced Native Americans to move onto reservations in the Pacific Northwest

Who led a violent slave revolt that shocked the south and resulted in more strict slave codes? (1831) a. b. b. c. Nat Turner Sojourner Truth John Brown Alex de Tocqueville

How did canals, railroads and steam boats influence the country? a. b. c. d. They slowed transportation They increased tariffs They connected the country and helped create a national economy They sectionalized politics

James K. Polk’s cry for 54 -40 -or fight was a demand for what territory from Britain? California b. Texas c. Oregon d. Ohio a.

The Church of Latter Day Saints, founded by Joseph Smith, signified the birth of what religious group? Nation of Islam b. Mormons c. Quakers d. Shakers a.

Who led the Mormon migration and where did they settle? a. b. c. d. Joseph Smith- Salt Lake City Joseph Smith- San Francisco Brigham Young- Salt Lake City Brigham Young- Oregon

The Mexican-American War 1846 -1848 What treaty ended the Mexican-American War? a. b. c. d. Treaty of Paris Treaty of Ghent Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Treaty of Versailles

What territories were gained by the U. S. in the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo? Oregon, California and Kansas b. New Mexico, California and Texas c. New Mexico, Louisiana and Texas d. Florida, Louisiana and Texas a.

Which condition of the Compromise of 1850 arguably stirred the most heated sectionalism? a. California admitted as a free state b. New Mexico to be determined by popular sovereignty c. Banished slave trade in Washington D. C. d. Fugitive slave law

According to the Kansas-Nebraska Act, how would the slavery issue be decided in the Kansas. Nebraska territory? a. b. c. d. Congress would vote Popular sovereignty A vote of the state legislature By presidential decree

What does the Sumner-Brooks affair reveal about the state of the country? a. b. c. d. The nation successfully sought compromise over the slavery issue Diplomacy and compromise were giving way to violence in the nation’s capital Personal morality was becoming increasingly important in politics The south was determined to extend slavery wherever it pleased

Who was referred to as the “meteor of the war” because of his violent actions against slavery at Pottawattamie Creek and Harpers Ferry? a. b. c. d. Stephen Douglas Abraham Lincoln John Brown Preston Brooks

Which supreme court case declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, and declared that slaves, as personal property could be taken anywhere in the United States? a. b. c. d. Gibbons v. Ogden Maryland v. Mc. Culloch Dred Scott v. U. S. Plessey v. Ferguson

Which of the following is not directly associated with Bleeding Kansas? a. b. c. d. Pottawattamie Massacre Missouri Ruffians Beecher’s Bibles Harper’s Ferry Raid

What was the first state to secede from the Union and where did the Civil War begin? a. b. c. d. North Carolina / Bull Run Florida / Antietam South Carolina / Fort Sumter Virginia / Harpers Ferry

In what year and on what date did the Civil War specifically begin and end? April 12, 1861 to April 12, 1865 b. April 12, 1862 to April 12, 1864 c. April 12, 1860 to April 12, 1865 d. April 12, 1860 to April 12, 1864 a.

At the outset of the war, how many slaves resided in the south? 1 million b. 9 million c. 4 million d. 2 million a.

As the war progressed, both sides resorted to conscription. What does this term mean? Both sides instituted a draft to increase troop numbers for their respective armies. Confederacy in 1862 Union in 1863

How did the Confederacy primarily finance the war? What major problem did this cause? They printed 1 billion dollars in currency b. It caused staggering inflation as the war progressed a.

What specific measure did Lincoln take to prevent the border states from seceding from the Union? He declared all slaves in the borer states free effective immediately. b. He announced the gradual emancipation of slaves in the border states. c. He declared martial law in the border states, effectively placing the federal military in control. d. He did nothing for fear of losing these states to the Confederacy. a.

The suspension of habeas corpus and declaration of martial law both symbolize: a. b. c. d. Lincoln’s increase of executive power during the war Congressional abuse of power during the war The rise of the court system during a time of war The difficulty of unifying the south

Who was president of the Confederate States of America? a. b. c. d. Stonewall Jackson Robert E. Lee Jefferson Davis George Pickett

Identify three significant disadvantages the South faced upon entering the Civil War. They were forming a new government, with a new constitution and a new military. b. They were outnumbered more than 2 -1 in terms of population. (20 mill. To 9 million) c. Manufacturing deficiency at 10 to 1 d. Troop deficiency at 2 -1 (2 million to 800, 000) e. Number of states: deficiency at 23 -11 a.

Identify two specific advantages the South had at the outset of the war. Superior military leadership b. Most fighting was done on their soil (knew the land) a.

Identify the three specific proposals of the Union’s Anaconda plan. Union naval blockade to block southern commerce and war shipments b. Capture the Mississippi River and thus divide the Confederacy c. Capture Richmond a.

Which of the following accurately describes the 1 st battle of Bull Run? (Manassas) a. b. c. d. First major battle of the war and a Confederate victory Last major battle of the war and Union loss Turning point of the war and Union victory First major battle and Union victory

What battle was the turning point of the war and ultimately Lee’s greatest mistake ? a. b. c. d. Antietam Cold Harbor Gettysburg Vicksburg

Which battle brought the entire Mississippi River under Union control? a. b. c. d. Wilderness Petersburg Vicksburg Shiloh

How did Sherman’s “march to the sea” influence the Civil War? a. b. c. d. It destroyed civilian resources, disabled the Confederacy’s ability to support the war and broke the spirit of the south It split the Confederacy in two It freed all slaves in the south It conquered Richmond

Label each description as true or false regarding Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation. a. a. a. b. Abolition became an official Union goal in the war True It symbolized the end of slavery in America True It immediately freed all slaves in the U. S. False It declared only slaves in rebelling states to be free True

Where did the Civil War officially end? a. b. c. d. Vicksburg, Mississippi Appomattox Court House, Va. Richmond, Va. Gettysburg, Pa.

How did the war affect the northern economy? It created an economic depression b. It created huge economic growth due to an increased wartime demand for industrial production c. It caused very little change in the northern economy d. It led to a huge increase in the purchase of southern cotton a.

How did the Civil War effect the southern economy? It crippled the economy and devastated its infrastructure b. It caused a wartime boom in cotton exports c. It was relatively unaffected by the war d. It’s economy experienced gradual growth throughout the war a.

Which of the following accurately describes the Confederate economy by the year 1864? Inflation had hit a staggering rate of 9, 000% b. The Union naval blockade had effectively shut down cotton exports c. Cotton production had dropped from 4 million bales in 1860 to 300, 000 in 1865. d. All of the above a.

Which of the following accurately describes the war’s effect on women? Women increasingly served as nurses during the war, opening this vocation for them in the future. b. Teaching would be largely practiced by women, as the men were off at war c. More women worked in factories in the north, to fill in for men displaced to the war d. All of the above a.

In the presidential election of 1864, the northern democrats demanded an immediate negotiated peace settlement with the south and an end to the war. For this reason, Republicans labeled them as: Abolitionists b. Copperheads c. Southern sympathizers d. Johny Rebs a.

Which of the following accurately describes the concept of “total war”? All resources are dedicated to the war effort b. War is waged against military and civilian populations c. Drafts, or conscriptions are used to support the war effort d. All of the above a.

Which of the following were legacies (lasting effects) of the Civil War? a. b. c. d. Federal Supremacy A shattered South The abolition of slavery All of the above

Which of the following did not share the same objectives with the others? Jim Crow laws b. Freemen’s Bureau c. Black Codes d. KKK a.

On what grounds did Congress impeach President Andrew Johnson? a. b. c. d. Violation of the Tenure of Office Act Conspiracy to assassinate the President Supporting Black Codes in the South Veto of the Civil Rights Act of 1866

Which of the following accurately describes the Republican Reconstruction Acts of 1878 and ’ 68? a. b. c. d. The south was divided into 5 military districts and occupied by federal troops Moderate, or lenient reconstruction Lincoln’s plan of reconstruction The south’s economic recovery

The civil Rights Act of 1866 directly led to which constitutional amendment? 13 th amendment b. 14 th amendment c. 15 th amendment d. 16 th amendment a.

To the angry southerner, Republicans in the south were associated with which of the following? Carpetbaggers, or those northerners who migrated to the south in search of economic opportunity b. Scalawags, or those southern whites who cooperated with Congressional Reconstruction. c. Freedmen, emancipated slaves. d. All of the above a.

How did sharecropping and tenant farming affect the south after the Civil War? a. b. c. d. It rebuilt the south in an era of prosperity It created a vicious cycle of poverty and oppression It helped establish equal opportunity in the south It fueled industrialization in the south

Which of the following explains the significance of the Compromise of 1877? a. b. c. d. It effectively ended the era of reconstruction It placed more federal troops in the south It made legal separate but equal It abolished Jim Crow laws in the south

Reconstruction Amendments Match the amendments with their appropriate descriptions? 1. 2. 3. 13 th Amendment 14 th Amendment 15 th amendment 1=c, 2=b, c=a A. Suffrage B. Citizenship, equal protection under the law C. Abolition of slavery