UNIT TWO Understanding Hazardous Materials Haz MatWMD Awareness

UNIT TWO Understanding Hazardous Materials Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 1

Potential Outcomes TRACEM • • • Thermal (Fire and/or Explosion) Radiological Chemical exposure Asphyxiation (Oxygen Deficiency) Etiological (Biological Hazards) Mechanical Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 2

Thermal (Fire and/or Explosion) • Heat from a fire or the heat released by a chemical reaction • Extreme cold, such as liquefied gas or cryogenic liquids Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 3

Radiological ++ Alpha - Most damaging, but least penetrating Hazard – Internal Shielding – Paper, dead layer of skin, travels 1 to 2 cm in air Beta - Small particle; low penetration Hazard - Primarily external, but also internal - Shielding - Plastic, safety glasses, travels several feet in air Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 4

Radiological (cont. ) Gamma / X - Highly penetrating Hazard - External - most external dose due to gamma Shielding - Lead, steel, concrete, thick layers of water • Neutron - Highly penetrating • Hazard - External - most external dose due to gamma • Shielding – plastic, water N Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 5

Asphyxiation • Oxygen Deficiency • Chemical Reaction THE RELEASE OF CERTAIN PRODUCTS (I. E. NITROGEN) CAN DEPLETE THE OXYGEN LEVEL BELOW SURVIVAL LIMITS. Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 6

Chemical • Toxic or poisonous effects • Destructive effects from the exposure of the chemical on human tissue Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 7

Etiological • Bacteria • Viruses Bacillus anthracis Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 8

Mechanical • Debris • Excessive percussion (Noise) Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 9

Routes of exposure • • Inhalation Ingestion Absorption Injection Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 10

Inhalation • • Nose Throat Trachea Lungs Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 11

Ingestion • • • Mouth Throat Esophagus Stomach Intestines Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 12

Absorption • Eyes • Skin Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 13

Injection • • Needles Projectiles Shards Nails Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 14

Exposure to Hazards • Acute • Chronic • Both types of exposures can have acute (immediate) and/or chronic (long term) effects. Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 15

Terrorist Events • Intentional release • Secondary devices • Inflict mass casualties Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 16

Terrorist Chemical Agents • • Choking Agents Blood Agents Blister Agents Nerve Agents The symptoms of these exposures can range from a runny nose to rapid death and are considered to be available to terrorist groups worldwide. Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 17

Emergency Medical Care Treatment only after emergency decon “Safety First” Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 18

Emergency Decon If a rescue is attempted and is successful • the victim and the rescuer should be flushed with copious amounts of water • • Strip their outer level of clothing await hazardous materials operations level responders to arrive THE RESCUER NOW BECOMES A VICTIM BECAUSE OF UNKNOWN HAZARD EXPOSURE!!! Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 19

UNIT TWO TEST Haz. Mat/WMD Awareness Unit 2 slide 20