Unit Poetry Theme Elements of poetry Objectives Define
Unit: Poetry Theme: Elements of poetry
Objectives • Define and describe poetry and it’s elements.
Poetry • Poetry is a form of putting one’s thoughts and emotions in written verses. It usually has a specific rythm and it uses different elements to develop melody, smoothness and expression. Of course, understanding this elements separately will help us understand poetry as a whole.
Poetic devices • Are techniques used in poetry to plan and arrange words in a way the reader finds appealing. Poetic devices include the elements of poetry as well as figurative language.
Types of poems • Lyric-is short, highly musical verse that conveys powerful feelings. • Narrative- it tells stories through verse. Like a novel or a short story, a narrative poem has plot, characters, and setting. Using a range of poetic techniques such as rhyme and meter, narrative poetry presents a series of events, often including action and dialogue. • Descriptive -it describes a person, animal or thing. They are rich imagery and the use of adjectives, they use words and images to create feelings in the readers mind.
Elements of poetry • • • 1. Lines and stanzas 2. Repetition and refrain 3. Free verse 4. Rhyme and rhytm scheme 5. Figurative language
1. Lines and stanzas • A poem is made up of lines that form stanzas. A line is a row of words and a stanza is a group of lines. In each poem , each stanza is usually the same lenght and follows the same rythm. Each type of stanza is identified depending on how many lines it has.
Example
2. Repetition and refrain • Repetition occurs when a word, sound, line or phrase is used more tan once in a poem. Poets use repetition to create patterns or draw atention to a specific topic. • A refrain is a phrase or group of lines that is repeated at specific moments whitin a poem, usually at the end of a stanza.
Refrain exampl e
3. Free verse • Free verse poetry has no rhyme scheme and no fixed metrical pattern. Often echoing the cadences of natural speech, a free verse poem makes artistic use of sound, imagery, and a wide range of literary devices.
Example of a free verse poem
4. Rhyme scheme • A rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem or song. It is usually referred to by using letters to indicate which lines rhyme; lines designated with the same letter all rhyme with each other.
5. Figurative language • Figurative language is when you use a word or phrase that does not have its normal everyday, literal meaning. Writers can use figurative language to make their work more interesting or more dramatic and beautiful than literal language which simply states facts. • There a few different ways to use figurative language, including: personification, metaphor, simile, alliteration, hyperbole, onomatopoeia and imagery.
Personification • Giving an animal or object human characteristics. • Examples: • The stuffed bear smiled as the little boy hugged him close. • The flower dances with the wind.
Metaphor • Comparing two things by using or suggesting the likeness between them without using the words like or as. • Example: • You are a chicken. (meaning the person is a coward) • She is a brain. (meaning the person is very smart)
Simile • Type of figurative language that makes a comparison between two unlike things by using the words like or as. • Examples: • I am busy as a bee. • Those pants fit as a glove.
Alliteration • The repetition of usually initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables. • Examples: • The wild and woolly walrus waits and wonders when we’ll walk by… • She sells seashells by the seashore.
Hyperbole • Is an exaggerated statement used to make a point. • Examples: • You are as big as a tree! • I am freezing! • This bag weights a ton.
Onomatopoeia • Naming a thing or an action by imitating the sound associated with it. • Examples: • • Buzz Hiss Roar Woof
Imagery • Imagery means to use figurative language to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses. • Examples: • It was dark and dim in the forest. The words “dark” and “dim” are visual images. • We whiffed the aroma of brewed coffee. “Whiff” and “aroma” evoke our sense of smell, or olfactory sense.
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