Unit Introduction The House Divided 1846 1861 Chapter

Unit Introduction “The House Divided” 1846 -1861

Chapter Overview n The growing conflict over slavery divides North and South. When COMPROMISE fails, division results. After the Election of 1860, Southern states SECEDE from the Union.

Unit’s BIG IDEAS n SECTIONALISM (review) n COMPROMISE n SECESSION (SECEDE)

Slavery: The Fire Bell in the Night Rings Once Again Land acquired from Mexico: slave or free? n Congress had no power to regulate slavery in states, but full power to do so in the territories n Land sectionalizes across Mason-Dixon line n “A house divided against itself cannot stand. ” n n • Lincoln, 1858 What do you think Lincoln meant by this statement? Why do you think this statement is so popularly quoted?

Compromise Most Northern whites did not respect blacks n Most Americans believed that any sectional issue could be resolved by compromise n • But how can one compromise on a moral issue such as slavery? n Think-Pair-Share

Unit Time Line (1787 -1848) 1787 - 2/3 s Compromise & Northwest Ord. n 1803 - Slavery allowed in Louisiana Terr. n 1820 - Missouri Compromise n 1846 - Wilmot Proviso n 1848 - War with Mexico ends n n n US grows by 2/3 s (present day CA, UT, AZ, NV and parts of CO and NM) Will land be free or slave? Huge controversy!

Unit Time Line (1848 -1852) n 1848 -Gold Rush, CA pop. swells n 1850 -Compromise of 1850 becomes law n CA enters the Union as a free state n 1852 -Franklin Pierce is elected president; Harriet Beecher Stowe publishes Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Unit Time Line (1854 -1857) n 1854 -Congress approves the Kansas-Nebraska Act; Republican Party forms n 1856 -James Buchanan is elected president n 1857 -Dred Scott USSC case

Unit Time Line (1859 -1861) n 1859 -John Brown attacks arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, Virginia n 1860 -Abraham Lincoln is elected president n 1861 -The Confederacy is formed

Review n Slavery is well-established institution in the South. n Slavery, along with cotton, form the basis of the South’s economy.

Discussion Questions n How was the Northern economy different from the South’s? n What would happen to the South if the U. S. outlawed slavery? n How does the slavery issue place the Union in peril?

Pair Activity Get into pairs n Using the information we learned over last few units, complete the following chart: n THE NORTH Agriculture Industry Immigration THE SOUTH