Unit 9 3 Atmospheric Pollution Simple Animations Carbon

Unit 9. 3 Atmospheric Pollution Simple Animations: Carbon Cycle; The Greenhouse Effect; The interconnected effects of the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect; Greenhouse gases by each sector of industry; Global Carbon Budget; Climate Engineering; Acid Rain Cycle

4 1 5 2 3 7 6 8 10 9 The Carbon Cycle ❿ rock formation over centuries bones of marine organisms & converts ❸plant &carbon animal decay, crop ❾dead marine organisms sinkburning seabed (sink) ❼ ocean dioxide exchange (sink) ❷ respiration plants &cement animals ❺ photosynthesis by plants ❶ burning fossil fuels & production ❻ ❹ ❽ carbon build-up photosynthesis stored of of carbon in by plant dioxide phytoplankton organic intofossilises atmosphere matter which & soil are(sink) eaten by marine organisms (sink)organic matter to coal, oil & gas (sink)

The Greenhouse Effect Radiation from the Sun warms the Earth Space Water and carbon dioxide absorb infrared radiation Atmosphere Water and carbon dioxide radiate part of the absorbed energy back towards Earth

METHANE & CO 2 RELEASE SEA LEVELS RISE FOREST FIRES CROP FAILURE ALBEDO EFFECT REDUCED METHANE GUN MARINE DIE-OFF OCEAN WARMING EXTREME WEATHER SEA ICE & PERMAFROST MELT DROUGHT CORAL BLEACHING OCEAN ACIDIFICATION WARMER ATMOSPHERE CAUSES MEAN GLOBAL TEMPERATURE TO RISE The interconnected effects of the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect increases Greenhouse Effect reinforces Greenhouse Effect self-reinforcing effect GREENHIOUSE GAS RELASE FROM FOOD PRODUCTION INCREASED GREENHOUSE GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE POPULATION GROWTH DEFORESTATION

Greenhouse gases by each sector of industry

Global Carbon Budget: CO 2 concentration, temperature and sea level continue to rise long after emissions are reduced Temperature will continue to rise for several centuries before levelling off CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere will continue to rise before levelling off. Even if CO 2 emissions peak and trail off it may take up to 100 years for this to happen ❶ Even if CO 2 emissions peak and trail off it may take up to 100 years for this to happen ❷ CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere will continue to rise before levelling off. ❸Temperature will continue to rise for several centuries before levelling off

Climate Engineering Sulfur aerosols from volcanoes, balloons and aircraft (sr) Whitened cloud (sr) Wrapping glaciers in highalbedo material (sr) Tree planting and forest expansion(cc) High-albedo roads and rooftops (sr) Artificial trees (cc) Orbital mirrors and sunshades (sr) Industrial scrubbers (cc) Dissolved salts from seawater Misting vessels Biochar production (cc) Genetic engineering of deep-rooted crops (cc) Genetic engineering of reflective crops in creases surface albedo (sr) Liquefied CO 2 transferred to spent oil reservoirs (cc) Pumping station transfers CO 2 to the ground and deep ocean Iron fertilisation of the marine environment spurs algae growth, and sinking dead algae transfer carbon form the atmosphere to the ocean floor (cc) Volcanic basalt

Acid Rain Cycle Gases dissolve in rainwater to form acid rain Gases carried by the wind Acidic gases (sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) released into atmosphere Acid rain kills plant life, pollutes rivers and streams and erodes stonework