Unit 6 Learning Module 29 Biology Cognitive and

Unit 6 Learning Module 29 Biology, Cognitive, and Learning

Cognitive Processes and Operant Cond. Latent Learning: doesn’t appear until there is incentive to demonstrate it Insight Learning: Suddenly realizing a solution Intrinsic Motivation: internal motivation Rewards have limits, can destroy intrinsic motivation Becomes overjustification that can lead to cognitive dissonance Extrinsic motivation: gain rewards through behavior

Learning and Personal Control Problem-focused: facing stress head-on Emotion-focused: when you feel you have no control over a situation or cannot change it.

Learned Helplessness A state of passive resignation; do not even try to avoid/escape situation

Internal vs External Locus of Control Internal Locus: control your own destiny External Locus: chance or outside forces determine your fate Americans are now more external

Unit 6 Learning Module 30 Learning by Observation

What is Observational Learning? Observational Learning (social learning): learn by watching and imitating others NOT through direct experience Modeling: imitating Bandura-Bobo Doll Vicarious reinforcement/punishment

Application of Observational Learning Prosocial Effect: Positive/helpful behaviors Antisocial effect: explains aggressive parents=aggressive children TV/internet/social media=powerful source of observational learning

Mirror Neurons and Imitation in Brain Mirror Neurons: in frontal lobe—fire when watching a model perform an activity Leads to imitation and empathy Theory of Mind: taking on another’s view point—empathy Emotions are contagious!

Violence-Viewing Effect 2 factors Imitation: infants as young as 14 months will imitate Prolonged exposure: desensitizes