Unit 6 Great Ideas Unit 6 Great Ideas

Unit 6 Great Ideas

Unit 6 Great Ideas CONTENTS LEAD-IN READING AND SPEAKING TEXT A TEXT B LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT WRITING FUN TIME

Unit 6 Great Ideas LEAD-IN A. Read the following list taken from Digg. com, and then give your own list of the FIVE greatest inventions of 20 th century that we cannot live without. The Greatest Inventions of The 20 th Century Air Conditioning Aspirin Car CD Player Cell Phone Computer Plane Laser Radio Refrigerator TV Washer and dryer The FIVE Greatest Inventions In My Opinion

Unit 6 Great Ideas LEAD-IN B. Compare your list with your partner. Then discuss the following questions. 1. Among the inventions in your list, which do you think is the most important? Why? 2. Can you make a guess on what is going to be the most influential invention in the next ten years?

Unit 6 Great Ideas READING AND SPEAKING Sign Language A sign language (also signed language) is a language which, instead of acoustically conveyed sound patterns, uses visually transmitted sign patterns (manual communication, body language and lip patterns) to convey meaning—simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to express fluidly a speaker's thoughts. Sign languages commonly develop in deaf communities, which can include interpreters and friends and families of deaf people as well as people who are deaf or hard of hearing themselves.

Unit 6 Great Ideas READING AND SPEAKING Laser keyboard A laser keyboard, or projection keyboard is a virtual keyboard that can be projected and touched on any surface. The keyboard watches finger movements and translates them into keystrokes in the device. Most systems can also function as a virtual mouse or even as a virtual piano. (http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Proje ction_keyboard)

Unit 6 Great Ideas READING AND SPEAKING Skill Focus A. Scan the blog, and underline three inventions. Then circle the name of the person who wrote the blog. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Why Didn’t I Think of These? I think these three inventions are here to stay. The sign language glove is a great invention for deaf people, or people who can’t hear. Many deaf people can’t speak clearly, so they communicate using sign language. They make words and communicate with their hands. Many people can’t understand sign language, but this glove translates the sign language and displays the words on a small screen. People can carry this screen in their pocket. Translation Keys for A New Words

Unit 6 Great Ideas The second cool invention is the laser keyboard. With this invention, your cell phone can turn into a full-size keyboard. A laser in your cell phone can display a keyboard on any table. You can type anywhere! It’s easy to type text messages and long e-mails into your cell phone. It’s even easy to surf the web and look at any website you want. Translation Keys for A New Words

Unit 6 Great Ideas The third invention is the disposable cell phone, and it’s my favorite. The disposable cell phone is very convenient. It is the size of a credit card, it’s easy to carry. When the battery dies, you just throw the phone away. But you can only talk on the phone for 60 minutes and you can’t recharge the battery. A new phone costs about ＄20. You can go online to find out more about these cool gadgets. Translation Keys for A New Words

Unit 6 Great Ideas READING AND SPEAKING B. Read the paragraph about the laser keyboard. Check (√) the best summary. √ 1. _____ Now you can use your cell phone like a computer. It’s easy to type long e-mails into your cell phone. 2. _____ The laser keyboard is a full-size keyboard for cell phones. The cell phone displays a keyboard onto any tables, so you can type anywhere. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas READING AND SPEAKING C. Work in groups. What do your group members think about the inventions below? Write the total number of votes in each column. Then explain your answers. Would you buy a ________? Yes No 1. sign language glove □ 2. laser keyboard □ 3. disposable cell phone □ □

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A BACKGROUND INFORMATION ARTICLE TRANSLATION TEXT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS READING COMPREHENSION

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A Percy Le. Bron Spencer (9 July, 1894 — 8 September, 1970) was an American engineer and inventor. He became known as the inventor of the microwave oven. http: //www. freebase. com/view/law/i nventor

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A Microwave Oven A microwave oven, or a microwave, is a kitchen appliance that cooks or heats food by dielectric heating. Microwave ovens heat food quickly, efficiently, and safely, but do not brown or bake food in the way conventional ovens do. This makes them unsuitable for cooking certain foods, or to achieve certain effects. Microwaving food raises several safety issues, largely connected with leakage of microwave radiation outside the oven.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A Raytheon, the world’s largest producer of guided missiles, is a major American defense contractor and industrial corporation with core manufacturing concentrations in defense systems and defense and commercial electronics. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ray theon

Unit 6 Great Ideas Story of the Microwave Oven 全文音频 Like many of today’s great inventions, the microwave oven was a by-product of another technology. Who really invented the microwave oven? And how? Here is the real story. 和当今许多伟大的发明一样，微波炉是另一项技术的一个副 产品。到底是谁发明了微波炉？怎么发明的？真实的故事是 这样的。

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 1. Percy Spencer didn’t bring know better than to candy with him into his microwave lab in 1946. When the American engineer let his chocolate bar get too close to an electronic tube that high- radio generates frequency waves, it started to . melt

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 2. Intrigued, Spencer placed popcorn kernels near popping out the electronic tube; soon popcorn was over the lab floor. The next morning, Spencer decided to put the electronic tube near an egg. Spencer was joined by a curious colleague, and they both watched as the egg began to shake. The rapid temperature rise within the egg was causing pressure. The curious colleague moved tremendous splashed in for a closer look just as the egg exploded and all over his amazed face. The face of Spencer with lit up a logical scientific conclusion: the melted candy bar, the popcorn, and now the exploding egg, were all caused by exposure to microwave energy. Thus, if an egg can be cooked that quickly, why not other foods?

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 3. Spencer designed a metal box with a hole into which he fed microwave power. The energy entering the box was unable to escape, thus creating an electromagnetic field. When food was placed in the box and microwave energy fed in, the temperature of the food rose very rapidly. Dr. Spencer had invented what was to , and form the basis of a million dollar industry, the revolutionize cooking microwave oven.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 4. Cooking would never be the same. Engineers went refining to work on Spencer’s hot new idea, developing and it for practical use. Within a year, Raytheon had introduced the first microwave oven--a 750 commercial pound thing that required water pipes to prevent overheating but that managed nonetheless to do the job.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 5. The first models, marketed in 1947, stood almost 6 feet tall. Early microwave ovens were used in exclusively restaurants, railroad cars, and ocean liners--places where large quantities of food had to be cooked quickly. It was years before microwave ovens were small and practical enough for home use. The first microwave domestic oven came on the market in 1955. It cost almost $1, 300 and was too large to fit in the average kitchen. Thanks to the technological developments in Japan, the first compact and practical microwave oven was introduced in 1967 and cost $495.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 6. The microwave has no equal when it comes to reheating coffee or popping popcorn. By 1997, 90% of American families owned one. Today, micro-wave ovens melt chocolate and popcorn in millions of homes around the world.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS Part One Two Para. (s) Main Idea 1 -3 Percy Spencer invented microwave oven in 1946. 4 -6 Microwave oven was gradually refined.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A A. Identify the paragraph from which the following information is derived. 1. Most American families had a microwave oven in their kitchens at the end of the 20 th century. (Para. ___ 6 ) 2. Spencer used popcorn and an egg to test microwave energy. (Para. ___ 2 ) 3. The microwave energy fed into the metal box can generate 3 ) an electromagnetic field. (Para. ___ 4. Raytheon developed the first commercial microwave oven. (Para. ___ 4 ) 5. Percy Spencer found his chocolate bar melting when exposed to high-frequency radio waves. (Para. ___ 1 ) Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A B. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. 1. Spencer’s chocolate bar started to melt when it was _____ D A. near an electronic oven B. far away from an electronic bar C. far away from an electronic tube D. close to an electronic tube. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A 2. What confirmed that microwaves could cook food quickly and unusually? _____ A A. The exploding egg. B. The raw egg. C. Popcorn kernels. D. The colleague. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A 3. What happened when food was placed in the box A and microwave energy fed in? ______ A. The temperature of the food rose very rapidly. B. The temperature of the food rose very slowly. C. The temperature of the food dropped very rapidly. D. The temperature of the food dropped very slowly. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A 4. When was the first domestic microwave oven marketed? ___ B A. In 1947. C. In 1946. B. In 1955. D. In 1967. 5. What was required in early electronic ovens to prevent C overheating? ____ A. Electronic tubes. C. Water pipes. B. ice cubes. D. Fans. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A C. Answer the following questions according to the text. 1. What is the contribution of Japan to the development of the microwave oven? Thanks to the technological developments in Japan, the ________________________ first compact and practical microwave oven was ________________________ introduced in 1967 and cost $495. _____________________ 2. How important is Dr. Spencer’s invention? Dr. Spencer had invented what was to revolutionize ________________________ cooking, and form the basis of a million dollar ________________________ industry, the microwave oven. ___________________ 3. Could you summarize the story in a few words? Dr. Spencer invented the microwave oven. ________________________

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A Complete the diagram below using the words or phrases in the box. Then, add other words or phrases you know to your word web. ocean liners field candy bar electronic tube popcorn restaurants electromagnetic metal box microwave energy

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A Keys • Principles: electromagnetic field • Experiment Objects: microwave energy candy bar high-proficiency radio wave popcorn egg Invention of Microwave Oven • Experiment Tools: electronic tube metal box Water pipe • Applications: ocean liners restaurants railroad cars

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A Read the chart below and discuss the following questions with your partner. TV The 10 Worst Inventions Tobacco Liquor Mahjong Nuclear Weapon Chemical Fertilizer DDT Clone Plastic Bag Genetically Modified Food

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT A Suggested Answers 1. Do you agree with the above list? Why or why not? I think tobacco, liquor, plastic bags, nuclear weapons and DDT are among my list of 10 worst inventions, because the five things have done great harm to people’s health and living environment, thus having given human beings numerous sufferings. 2. Give more examples of such inventions that may do great harm to mankind or nature. Guns and heroin.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B BACKGROUND INFORMATION ARTICLE TRANSLATION TEXT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS READING COMPREHENSION

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B “Star Wars” Star Wars is an epic space opera franchise initially conceived by George Lucas. It was originally released on May 25, 1977 by 20 th Century Fox, and became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon, The events depicted in Star Wars take place in a fictional galaxy. Many species of alien creatures are depicted. Robotic droids are also commonplace and are generally built to serve their owners. Space travel is common, and many planets in the galaxy are members of a Galactic Republic, later reorganized as the Galactic Empire.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse gases are gases in an atmosphere that absorb and emit radiation within thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of the greenhouse effect. Common greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. In our solar system, the atmospheres of Venus, Mars and Titan also contain gases that cause greenhouse effects. Greenhouse gases greatly affect the temperature of the Earth; without them, Earth's surface would be on average about 33°C (59°F) colder than at present. Human activities since the start of the industrial era around 1750 have increased the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B Persian Gulf War The Persian Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991) was a UN-authorized military conflict between Iraq and a coalition force from 34 nations commissioned with expelling Iraqi forces from Kuwait after Iraq's occupation and annexation of Kuwait in August 1990. Though there were nearly three dozen member states of the coalition, the overwhelming majority of the military forces participating were from the United States, with Saudi Arabia, the United Kingdom and Egypt as leading contributors, in that order. The majority of the war costs were paid by Saudi Arabia - around $40 billion of approximately $60 billion.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B Dream Machines 全文音频 As technology progresses, people’s dreams are sure to come true sooner or later. The following article offers a chance to see what the world would be like, in 50 years. 随着科技进步，人们的梦想迟早会成真。下面这篇文章给你一 个机会看看世界在 50年内会变成什么样。

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 1. When asked to close their eyes and imagine the shape of technology in the 21 st century, scientists describe intelligent a world filled with machines and artificial creatures so highly evolved they will seem as alive as dogs and cats. dominate 2. The computers that office desks today will eventually move into the walls and furniture, perhaps even into clothes. Exotic display devices will serve as interconnected windows onto great, networks.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 3. The networks of the future will become increasingly with new kinds of software entities populated known as personal assistants, or “agents”. These agents related will monitor the outside world, collecting information, appointments and offering advice. tracking indispensable A travel “agent”, for example, would be to a foreign traveler by doing simultaneous translations or pointing out sites of interest. A virtual lawyer could give expert legal opinions, a Wall Street “agent” timely tips. investment

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION As for 4. transportation, the cars of the future will knock around still be able to the neighborhood and countryside. But highways will be embedded with electronics to monitor and control speed and traffic patterns, so that driving on the most heavily traveled latter streets will become increasingly easy. Drivers in the half of the century will simply get on the street, and let the electronic control systems take over. Computer software could speed cars along at 200 km/h with no more than a few feet between each vehicle.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 5. Fuel sources will probably change as very much in the current century as they did in the last one. Scientists effects may find that the environmental of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are far worse than prompt ban expected, which would a on the burning of hydrocarbons. But what’s next? Some experts believe that the environmental movement will embrace nuclear energy. Others see a mix of solar, tidal and wind power.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 6. The weapons of the future will look like they came straight out of Star Wars: everything from laser swords to autonomous robots programmed to kill. The long-term trend, as in the Persian Gulf War, is toward demonstrated short battles conducted at long distance by increasingly predict intelligent machines. Defense experts that the next arms race will be to develop the smartest, most secret and most accurate weapons and to demonstrate their superiority enough to avoid in advance convincingly risking lives and expensive hardware on the battlefield.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TRANSLATION 7. In the end, what drives science and technology forward is not just what can be done but also what society chooses to do. As the brief history of the nuclear age has taught, powerful technologies are hard to control once loosed they've been on the world. Fantastic new opportunities are sure to come. The hard part will be deciding which ones to and which to ignore. pursue

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT STRUCTURE ANALYSIS Part Para. (s) One 1 -6 Two 7 Main Idea Scientists predict how the technology in the 21 st century will be like. Challenges and opportunities will coexist in the future.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B A. Answer the following questions with the information the text. 1. According to thefrom scientists, what will the world in the 21 st century look like? ________________________ It will be a world filled with intelligent machines and __________ artificial creatures. 2. What will be the use of exotic display devices in the future? They will serve as windows onto great, interconnected ________________________ networks. __________ 3. Why will highways be embedded with electronics? In order to monitor and control speed and traffic ________________________ patterns. ________________________

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B 4. What will be the function of computer software in transportation? It could speed cars along at 200 km/h with no more than ________________________ a few feet between each vehicle. ________________________ 5. What will the next arms race be like? ________________________ The next arms race will be to develop the smartest, most ________________________ secret and most accurate weapons and to demonstrate ________________________ their superiority convincingly enough in advance to ________________________ avoid risking lives and expensive hardware on the _____ battlefield.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B Suggested Answers B. Brainstorm some other possible future inventions, and list them along with a few words on their features. Possible Future Features Inventions be able to think like human beings 1. intelligent robot 2. time machine be able to send us to the past and the future 3. invisibility cloak be able to make the wearer invisible 4. commercialized space shuttle be reusable, able to take passengers to travel between planets

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B C. Complete the following paragraph with words in the box below. There are more words than needed. easy risking monitor brief superiority embedded populated related worse heavily expect agents predict adapt obvious

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B In future, the networks will get _____ populated with new sorts agents of software entities known as “_____”, which will monitor the outside world, collecting related information, tracking appointments and offering advice. Highways will be embedded with electronics to monitor and control speed and _____ heavily traffic patterns, so that driving on the most _____ easy Fuel traveled freeways will become increasingly ______. sources will change greatly. Scientists may find greenhouse worse than expected. Defense experts gases are far ____ predict _____ that the next arms race will be to develop the smartest, most secret and most accurate weapons and to superiority convincingly enough in demonstrate their ______ risking lives. advance to avoid _____

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B As we learned from the _______ brief history of the nuclear age, it is very hard to control powerful technologies. Fantastic new opportunities are sure to come. The hard part will be deciding which ones to pursue and which to ignore.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B Giving Examples Text B deals with the predictions of future inventions closely related with our daily lives. One writing technique the author used to develop its theme is exemplification, or giving examples, which is the commonest ways to persuade readers to believe a statement. Read paragraph 3 again and complete the following chart.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B The networks of the future will become increasingly populated with new kinds of software entities known as personal assistants, or "agents. " These agents will monitor the outside world, collecting related information, tracking appointments and offering advice. A travel “agent”, for example, would be indispensable to a foreign traveler by doing simultaneous translations or pointing out sites of interest. A virtual lawyer could give expert legal opinions, a Wall Street agent timely investment tips.

Unit 6 Great Ideas TEXT B Topic sentence: The networks of the future will become increasingly populated with new kinds of software entities known as personal assistants, or "agents. " Examples: Example 1: A travel "agent, " for example, would be indispensable to a foreign traveler by doing simultaneous translations or pointing out sites of interest. Example 2: A virtual lawyer could give expert legal opinions. Example 3: A virtual Wall Street agent could give timely investment tips. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT A. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 1. Sam has to _____his cell phone because the battery is dead. A. recharge B. display C. renew ○ 2. Anna thought the movie was boring, so she _______ the Internet instead. A. went online C. text messaged ○B. surfed Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT A. Choose the right word to complete each sentence. 3. My cell phone _______ is really small, so I don’t like to surf with it. A. screen B. website C. technology ○ 4. I can’t see the photos because the websites doesn’t _______any of them. A. display B. go online with C. translate ○ Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT B. In Text A, you read the word “microwave”. Words like “microwave”, “microchip” and “microeconomics” begin with the prefix “micro-” indicating “extremely small in scale or scope or capability”. Complete the following definitions using the words from the box. microeconomics microcomputer microbiology microphone microfilm microsecond microorganism microbus

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT Microeconomics is the branch of economics that studies 1. ________ the economy of consumers or individual firms. 2. A _______ microcomputer is a small computer and is often equipped with a keyboard and a screen. 3. A _____ microbus is a passenger carrying motor vehicle that is designed to carry more people than a car, but fewer people than a full-size bus. 4. Microorganism _______ is a living that is too small to be visible to the human eye.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT microbiology is the scientific study of very small 5. A ______ living things such as bacteria. 6. A ______ microfilm is a name given to special photographic films. It contains reduced images of documents. Microsecond is one millionth of a second. 7. _______ 8. A ______ microphone is a piece of equipment that you speak into to make your voice louder when you are speaking in public.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT C. Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. Change the form if necessary. There are more words than needed. dominate generate refine melt frequency transportation evolve track electronic popcorn exclusive curious splash exposure artificial

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT generate a lot of 1. The large amount of investment would _____ new jobs. 2. She’s very nice, but she likes to _____the dominate conversation and be the center of attention. artificial ones. 3. These flowers aren’t real. They are _____ 4. The _____ frequency of traffic accidents has decreased over the past 30 years. 5. Soon the snow _____ and turned the dirt into the mud. melted

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT evolved from monkeys. 6. Darwin believed that human _______ tracked the criminal to his hiding place. 7. The police ____ 8. Skin cancer can be caused by long-time exposure ____ to the sun. refining their designs in order to 9. Car makers are _____ attract more consumers. exclusive to people who buy the product 10. This gift is _____ now.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT A. Read the following sentences and choose the correct verb form. 1. Her family (is/are) all good swimmers. 2. Every (has/have) gone to the movies. 3. Ten thousand dollars (is/are) a lot of money. 4. Either John or his brothers (is/are) bringing the dessert. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT 5. Jack as well as Lucy (likes/like) jazz. 6. Eating garlic and drinking red wine sometimes (gives/give) me a headache. 7. What caused the airplane crash (is/are) a mystery. 8. Tim, along with his friends, (goes/go) swimming every Sunday. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT B. Fill in the blanks using the words in the brackets. Pay attention to subject-verb agreement. is occupied 1. Two thirds of the room ______ (occupy) by the books these days. is 2. One hundred and five dollars ____ (be) all I have left. am 3. Neither she nor I ______ (be) ignorant of the fact now. has passed 4. Many a student _____ (pass) this test this semester.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT was invited 5. Each actor and actress ______ (invite) to the party last night. makes 6. Early to bed and early to rise _______ (make) you healthy, wealthy and wise. is 7. A half truth _____ (be) often no better than a lie. is 8. The president and Party Leader _____ (be) on a trip to Europe now.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT A. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Doctor Spencer had invented what was to revolutionize cooking, the microwave oven. 斯� 塞博士已�� 明了将要引� 烹� 革命的� 品— —微波炉。 2. Early microwave ovens were used exclusively in restaurants, railroad cars, and ocean liners. 早期的微波炉只在饭店里、火车和远洋客轮上使用。

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT 3. The networks of the future will become increasingly populated with new kinds of software. 未来的网� 将会有越来越多的新型� 件。 4. In the end, what drives science and technology forward is not just what can be done but also what society chooses to do. 最终，推动科学技术前进的不仅是我们能做哪些事，还 包括社会将选择去做哪些事情。

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT B. Translating the following sentences into English. 1. � 些花如果晒晒太阳会� 得更好。(be exposed to) The flowers will grow better if they are exposed to ________________________ the sun. ________________________ 2. 做完那些数学�� 后，她� 上流露出喜悦之情。(light up) ________________________ After she solved the difficult math problems, her face ________________________ lit up with joy.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT 3. 在� 算机技� 方面，� 翰是班上最好的学生。(when it comes to) When it comes to computer and technology, John is ________________________ the best student in the class. ______________________ 4. 在信息� 代，互� 网� 于��� 展是不可或缺的。 (be indispensable to) ________________________ The Internet is indispensable to the development of ______________________ economy in the information era.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT A Qinghua University study shows that China witnessed the fastest growth rate of the research and development personnel in the world. At present, the total number of the research and development personnel in our country accounts for 25. 3% of the world’s total, ranking number one in the world. However, China is rather short of innovative talents and there are only a smiall number of excellent innovative enterprises. China needs to further improve its environment for innovation.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT A. Think of two great scientists and find biographies of them online. Use the names of the scientists plus “biography” as keywords for your research. Tip: A great deal information is available about great scientists on the Internet. There are biographies of every great scientist in history ever. The Internet proves itself to be a useful method when researching specific information. Useful search engines and portals include: Google, Wikipedia, Who 2, etc.

Unit 6 Great Ideas LANGUAGE ENHANCEMENT B. Complete the chart with the information you’ve found. Scientist A Albert Einstein Name Ulm (Germany), Birth March 14 th, 1879 Place/Date United States Nationality Achievements theory of relativity Scientist B Marie Curie Warsaw, November 7 th, 1867 Polish radioactivity, polonium, radium Suggested Answers

Unit 6 Great Ideas WRITING A. Read the article. Then check (√)the best summary. Makes it Easy Five years ago, people couldn’t find out about inventions very easily. But Make changed that. The Make magazine and website are for people who make things out of everyday items. One article is about a robot made from an old cell phone. Another article tells how to make your computer screen into a TV. Inventors love Make because they can learn about these new inventions. They can share ideas online and they can download the instructions from the Make website. Make makes it easy to invent!

Unit 6 Great Ideas WRITING ______ Summary 1 √ Make is a magazine and website for people who make things out of everyday items. Inventors can share ideas online and download instructions for inventions. ____ Summary 2 Make is a magazine and website that shows people how to make a robot from an old cell phone. You can download instructions from the Make Website. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas WRITING B. Read the paragraph about the disposable cell phone in “Reading and Speaking”, and then answer the questions. 1. What is the main idea? The disposable cell phone is very convenient. 2. What are two supporting details? It is the size of a credit card. When the battery dies, you just throw the phone away. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas WRITING C. Write a summary for the paragraph about the disposable cell phone in “Reading and Speaking”. Use two or three sentences. The disposable cell phone is a great invention. It is very convenient because it is as small as a credit card, and when the battery dies, you just throw the phone away. Keys

Unit 6 Great Ideas FUN TIME I Have to Get It Done A little boy ran into a grocery one day with a list in his hand. “Hello, Mr. Smith, ” He said, “I want thirteen pounds of coffee at 33 cents. ” “Very good, ” said the grocer, and he noted down the number. “Anything else, Charlie? ” “Yes. Twenty－seven pounds of sugar at 9 cents. ” “The loaf? And what else? ” “Seven and a half pounds of bacon at 30 cents. ” “That will be a good brand. Go on. ”

Unit 6 Great Ideas FUN TIME “Five pounds of tea at 90 cents；eleven and a half quarts of honey at 8 cents a pint; two eight-pound hams at 31 cents, and five dozen jars of peanuts at 34 cents a jar. ” The grocer made out the bill. “It’s a big order, ” he said. “Did your mother tell you to pay for it? ” “My mother, ” said the boy, as he pocketed the neat and accurate bill, “has nothing to do with this business. It is my math lesson and I have to get it done somehow. ”

THE END

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT A 1. Percy Spencer didn’t know better than to bring candy with him into his microwave lab in 1946. (Para. 1) In 1946, when Percy Spencer went into his microwave lab, he brought candy with him without any idea of what would happen. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT A 2. Intrigued, Spencer placed popcorn kernels near the electronic tube; soon popcorn was popping out over the lab floor. (Para. 2) Spencer was greatly interested so that he put popcorn kernels near the electronic tube. Popcorn kernels quickly became popcorn and spread all over the floor. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT A 3. The face of Spencer lit up with a logical scientific conclusion: the melted candy bar, the popcorn, and now the exploding egg, were all caused by exposure to microwave energy. (Para. 2) Spencer was very excited, and at the same time he drew a logical scientific conclusion: the melted candy bar, the popcorn and now the exploding egg, were all caused by putting them near the microwave energy. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT A 4. The microwave has no equal when it comes to reheating coffee or popping popcorn. (Para. 6) The microwave is better than any other energy when reheating coffee or making popcorn out of popcorn kernels. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT B 1. A virtual lawyer could give expert legal opinions, a Wall Street agent timely investment tips. (Para. 3) A lawyer produced by computer software could give professional opinions on laws; a virtual Wall Street agent could give suggestions on investment in time. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT B 2. But highways will be embedded with electronics to monitor and control speed and traffic patterns, so that driving on the most heavily traveled streets will become increasingly easy. (Para. 4) But electronic devices will be fixed in highways to control speed and traffic patterns, so that driving on the streets with the heaviest traffic will be easier and easier. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT B 3. Computer software could speed cars along at 200 km/h with no more than a few feet between each vehicle. (Para. 4) Computer software could make cars drive at the speed of 200 km per hour and keep a distance of just a few feet between each vehicle. Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Sentence Paraphrasing TEXT B Article 4. Defense experts predict that the next arms race will be to develop the smartest, most secret and most accurate weapons and to demonstrate their superiority convincingly enough in advance to avoid risking lives and expensive hardware on the battlefield. (Para. 6) Defense experts say in advance that the next arms race will aim at developing the smartest, most secret and most accurate weapons. Before the battle starts, the two sides will try to show the powers and advantages of their weapons to each other, in the hope that one side won’t be bold enough to start the war. In this way, soldiers won’t need to risk their lives fighting in the battlefield and expensive weapons won’t be destroyed during the battle.

Unit 6 Great Ideas know better than to do sth. 明白事理而不至于做(某事) She ought to know better than to expect any help from him. 她应该明白不能指望他帮忙。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas generate vt. 产生；创造；引起 generate electricity/heat/power 产生电力/热能/动力 generate income/profit/sales 创造收入/利润/销售额 generate a lot of interest 引发广泛兴趣 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas frequency n. 频率 The high frequency of cases of cold is probably because of the change of season. 感冒发生率高也许是由于季节变换而引起的。 frequent adj. 频繁的 His calls became less frequent. 他打电话的次数少了。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas melt vt&vi. (使)融化 The sun has melted the snow. 阳光融化了积雪。 melt away逐渐消失 His anger slowly melted away. 他的怒火渐渐地消了下去。 melt into sth. 逐渐融入；渐渐与某物成为一体 The girl melted into the crowd and I lost sight of her. 那个女孩消失在人群中，我看不见她了。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas pop out/off/up 突然（从某物中）出来，蹦出 The egg cracked open and a tiny head popped out. 蛋裂开了，一个小脑袋冒了出来。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas curious adj. 好奇的 Children are always curious and have countless questions in their mind. 孩子们总是好奇的，脑子里装着数不清的问题。 be curious about 对……感到好奇 They were very curious about the people who lived upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感觉很好奇。 curiosity n. 好奇心 I opened the parcel out of curiosity. Article 出于好奇，我打开了包裹。

Unit 6 Great Ideas tremendous adj. 1) 巨大的，惊人的 I learned a tremendous amount of knowledge in a short time. 我在短时间内学到了大量知识。 2) 极好的 It was a tremendous experience. 这是一段了不起的经历。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas splash vi. 飞溅；泼溅于 Great drops of rain splashed on the window. 大滴大滴的雨点噼里啪啦地打在窗户上。 People splashed over each other with water to give their best wishes. 人们互相泼水，给予最美好的祝福。 n. 落水声；泼溅声 We heard the splash when he fell into the pool. 他掉进游泳池时我们听见“扑通”一声。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas light up (with sth. ) （脸上或眼中）流露出喜悦 Her face lit up with joy. 她脸上露出了欣喜之色。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas exposure n. 暴露，显露 Flowers begin to blossom with the exposure to the spring sunlight. 沐浴在春光下，朵朵花儿含苞待放。 expose vt. 暴露，显露 He did not want to expose his insecurity to anyone. 他不想向任何人显露他的不安。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas revolutionize vt. 使彻底变革 New technology has revolutionized computer manufacture. 新技术使计算机制造业发生了根本性的变革。 revolution n. 革命；彻底变革 revolutionary adj. 革命的；革命性的，创新的 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas cooking n. 1) 烹饪，做饭 My husband does all the cooking. 我丈夫把做饭的事全包了下来。 2) 食物，饭菜 French cooking 法国菜 home cooking 家常菜 cook n. 厨师 cooker n. 炉具 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas refine vt. 1) 使完善 She has refined her singing technique over the years. 多年来，她已经使自己的歌唱技巧日渐完善。 2) 净化，提纯，去除杂质 the process of refining sugar 炼糖的 序 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas commercial adj. 商业的 The movie was a huge commercial success. 这部电影取得了商业上的巨大成功。 n. （电台或电视播放的）商业广告 a commercial break 插播广告时间 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas exclusively adv. 独有地；排他地 The chair is designed for little babies exclusively. 这种椅子是专门为小宝宝设计的。 exclusive adj. 独有的；排他的 exclusive report 独家报道 exclusive of不包括 The price is for accommodation only, exclusive of meals. 这个价格只包括住宿，不包括餐费。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas domestic adj. 1) 家用的；家庭的；家务的 domestic appliance/equipment 家用器具 domestic life/violence 家庭生活/暴力 2) 本国的，国内的 domestic affairs/politics 国内事务/政治 domestic flights 国内航班 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas technological adj. 科技的 The steam engine was the greatest technological advance of the 19 th century. 蒸汽机是 19世纪最伟大的科技进步。 technical adj. 技术的，技能的； 艺的 Our store offers free technical support for those buying our software. 本店向购买我们软件的顾客提供免费技术支持。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Intelligent adj. 1）有智能的 Are there intelligent forms of life on other planets? 在其他星球上是否存在智能生命形式？ 2）聪明的 She’s a highly intelligent child. 她是一个非常聪明的孩子。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas dominate vt. &vi. 占首要地位，支配 It’s the consumer that dominates the sales market. 是消费者在控制着销售市场。 It is a society in which females dominate. 这是一个由女性支配一切的社会。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas interconnect vi. 互相连接，互相联系 Bad housing is interconnected with debt and poverty. 恶劣的住房条件、负债以及贫困是相互关联的。 interconnected adj. 相互连接的 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas populate vi. (often passive) （常用于被动语态）居住于 Shanghai is a highly populated city in China. 上海是中国一个人口密集的城市。 The house was populated by seven dwarves. 这间屋子里住着七个小矮人。 population n. 人口 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas related adj. 相关的，有联系的 The government showed great concern on the environmental protection and other related issues. 政府对环境保护以及其他相关问题非常关注。 be related to 与……有关 Much of the crimes in this area are related to drug abuse. 这一地区很多犯罪都与滥用毒品有关。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas track 1）vt. 跟踪，追踪 The policeman has been tracking the suspect for three months. 三个月来警察一直在跟踪这名嫌疑犯。 track down 追踪到，追查到 It took him several years to track down her daughter who had been away from home since her graduation from the college. 他女儿自从毕业后就离开了家，他花了好几年的 时间找寻她。 Next Page

Unit 6 Great Ideas 2）n. 小路 There is a track leading to the cottage deep into the forest. 树林深处有一条小径通往那座农舍。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas indispensable adj. 不可缺少的 A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language. 一本好词典是学习外语必需的。 indispensable to 不可或缺 She made herself indispensable to the students’ union. 她成为学生会不可缺少的一份子。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas investment n．投资 This country needs investment in education. 这个国家需要对教育进行投资。 invest vt. 投资 He had invested $1 million in the housing market. 他已在房地产市场上投资了100万美元。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas as for 至于，就……而言 As for me, I am doing fine. 至于我，我现在日子过得不错。 As for food for the party, that’s all being taken care of. 关于聚会要用的食物，都在置办当中。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas knock around 漫游 I spent the whole summer vacation knocking around Europe. 我花了整个暑假漫游欧洲。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas latter adj. 1) 后半期的，后面的 the latter half of the year 下半年 2) 后者 By comparison, the latter point is more important than the former one. 相比之下，后面一个观点比前面一个更重要。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas effect n．结果，影响 You should learn to distinguish between cause and effect. 你应该学会分清因果。 have an effect on 对……有影响 The unusual weather condition will have an effect on the growth of the crops in this area. 反常的天气状况对这一地区庄稼的生长产生影响。 bring/put sth. into effect 实行，实施 The suggestions will soon be put into effect. 这些建议即将付诸实施。 Next Page

Unit 6 Great Ideas come into effect/take effect 生效 The new interest rates come into effect from July. 新的利率从7月起生效。 in effect 实际上，事实上 In effect, our wages will increase by 20%. 实际上，我们的 资将提高 20%。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas prompt vt. 激起，促进 The results of the final exams prompted him to quit computer games. 期末考试的结果促使他不再玩电脑游戏了。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas ban n. 禁止，禁令 The president supports a global ban on nuclear testing. 总统支持全球性禁止核试验。 vt. 禁止，取缔 Smoking is banned here in the library. 图书馆里禁止吸烟。 ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 This country will ban smoking in all the offices this year. 今年该国将禁止在所有办公室吸烟。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas demonstrate vt. 1）论证，说明 Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we are facing. 让我来向你说明一下我们面临的一些困难。 2）展示，表露出 The young man finally got a chance to demonstrate his talents in martial arts. 那个年轻人终于获得了一个展示自己武术才能的机会。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas predict vt. 预测 Economists are predicting that the interest rate will fall. 经济学家预言利率将会下降。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas convincingly adv. 有说服力地 The team won convincingly. 这个队赢得令人信服。 convincing adj. 有说服力的 a convincing argument/explanation/case 有说服力的论点/解释/事例 convince vt. 使信服 The salesman tried every means to convince my cousin to buy his product. 那个推销员竭力说服我表妹购买他的产品。 The poor man failed to convince the police of his honesty. Article 那个穷人没能让警察相信他是诚实的。

Unit 6 Great Ideas in advance 预先，事先 You’d better book the tickets in advance. 你最好提前订票。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas loose vt. 1）释放 The manager shouldn’t have loosed his anger on that formal occasion. 经理不应在那个正式场合表露自己的怒气。 loose sth. on/upon 使（危险或有危害之事）开始 影响（侵袭）某人 The drug has been loosed upon kids looking for a quick high. 这种毒品已经开始侵扰那些追求瞬间获得快感的 年轻人。 Next Page

Unit 6 Great Ideas 2）松开 He loosed the straps around his wrist. 他松开了绑在他手腕上的带子。 adj. 松的，松动的 One of my buttons is loose. 我的一颗纽扣松了。 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas opportunity n. 机会，时机 Make sure you will never miss any opportunity on your way to success. 确保在通往成功的路上你不会错过任何一个机会。 You’ll have the opportunity to ask questions at the end. 你们最后将有机会提问。 There was no opportunity for further discussion. 没有机会进行深入讨论了。 At least give him the opportunity of explaining what happened. Article 至少给他机会解释一下发生了什么事。

Unit 6 Great Ideas pursue vt. 1) 追求，继续进行 She pursued her studies after the birth of her daughter. 女儿出生之后，她继续求学。 2) 紧随……之后；追捕，追击 She left theatre, hotly pursued by the press. 她离开剧场，一路被记者穷追不舍。 pursuit n. 追求；追赶，追踪 Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material. Back

Unit 6 Great Ideas Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas • Article

Unit 6 Great Ideas • Article