Unit 5 Meeting individual care and support needs

Unit 5: Meeting individual care and support needs Learning aim A 3 BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

Learning aims A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals • A 3: Empathy and establishing trust with individuals Starter question: What is the difference between empathy and sympathy BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) What is empathy? http: //www. openculture. com/2013/12/the-power-of-empathy. html • The ability to be aware of another person’s feelings, their needs and/or concerns • The ability to understand the feelings of another person, their needs and/or concerns • The ability to understand why a person feels the way they do and show compassion. How will your case studies be feeling do you think? BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Group activity Time: 10 mins • Why is empathy important? BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Empathy theories In trying to understand the concept of empathy, including what is involved in empathising with others, there are two leading theories that have emerged: 1) Simulation theory explains empathy as developing when a person sees another person experiencing an emotion, replicates it in themselves and then is able to sense the emotion first-hand (mirror neuron) 2) Theory of mind explains empathy as developing as an automatic process when the brain processes information about how a person should think and feel. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Qjk. TQtgg. LH 4 BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Empathy theorists (cont’d) • Hoffman’s theory – Martin Hoffman is an American psychologist and a Professor of Psychology who further developed the concept of empathy by looking at how it is inter-linked to moral development and develops between infancy and adulthood. BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

Hoffman’s theory - Empathy develops with age - Moral internalization occurs when a person’s moral structure is accepted and the person feels obligated to abide by its principles and consider others regardless of external punishment or reward. - This happens through socialisation BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

Empathy theories Description Pros Cons Simulation theory Theory of mind Hoffman’s theory BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

What may stop a health and social care worker feeling empathy for their client ? A) A psychiatric nurse working with someone who has committed a violent crime B) A counsellor who is pro life who has a client who wants an abortion C) A health and social care worker who does not like elderly people? D) Someone who sees the service user as a hypochondriac or who does not deserve treatment eg a smoker or an alcoholic with liver disease. What can the health and social care worker do to stop their feelings affected the way they care for the service user? When might a health and social care worker’s empathy for a service user cause a problem? BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

Empathy’s limitations Over arousal Habituations Familiarity bias Here and now bias Moral principles BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Theories for developing positive relationships The attachment and emotional resilience theories are useful for understanding how to establish and develop positive relationships: • attachment theory – a psychological model developed by John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth to help explain the short- and long-term relationships people experience during their lifetime, and the importance of attachment for personal development • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=kwxjfu. Pl. Ar. Y • emotional resilience theory – theories about what resilience is, and how it develops from characteristics that are present in children and adults, can help with understanding the different strategies available to support children and adults in managing and learning from different experiences and adversities. BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Pairs activity Time: 15 mins • Read through ‘Case study: Danny’. • In pairs, discuss how ‘attachment’ and ‘emotional resilience’ had an impact on Danny’s life. BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) The triangle of care Service user The triangle of care Professional Carer BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Independent research activity Time: 20 mins • Research how the triangle of care is used in meeting the care and support needs of individuals. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=n. OYV 0 w. YRt. Hs BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2, D 2) Reflection activity Time: 10 mins • Why can the triangle of care be useful when supporting individuals who have diverse needs? BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Independent research activity Time: 25 mins • Research current empathy theories and how they link to developing positive relationships. BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Classroom discussion activity Time: 15 mins • Discuss the values that link to empathy and how they can be promoted to meet individuals’ needs. BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Extension activity Time: 30 mins • Present the pros and cons of two empathy theories. BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Summary In this lesson we: üdefined positive relationships üexplained the concept of empathy üexamined in detail the various ways of establishing positive relationships üexplored the triangle of care working approach üexamined in detail empathy theories and their relevance to meeting the care and support needs of individuals. BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education

A: Examine principles, values and skills which underpin meeting the care and support needs of individuals (A 3, P 2, M 2) Summary: plenary activities 1. Why is empathy necessary for establishing positive relationships? 2. How can the triangle of care be used to establish trust with individuals? BTEC NATIONAL LEVEL 3 HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE © C. Bradshaw, C. Sawicki, M Ferreiro Peteiro and S. Rogers, published by Hodder Education