Unit 5 Interactions and Diffusion 600 1450 AD

Unit 5 Interactions and Diffusion 600 – 1450 AD Decline of Feudalism, the Black Plague & 100 Year’s War

Decline of Feudalism--Crusades ■ Feudalism weakened after the Crusades: –Lords sold off some of their lands to raise money for Crusades –Pope lost respect because the Crusades were unsuccessful

Decline of Feudalism—Trade ■ Merchants saw new, exotic products as a result of the Crusades & began to trade them in Europe ■ Increased trade led to cities & weakened feudal relationships: –New opportunities for serfs –Kings gained power because they could tax the merchants

Decline of Feudalism—Black Death ■ In 1347, a trade ship arrived in Italy bringing cargo from China— on ship was disease called the Plague (Black Death) ■ Swept rapidly throughout Europe along trade routes

Steps for Spread of Bacteria: ■ The rat is infected with the bacteria ■ The flea gets on the rat and bites the rat, and through the rat’s blood the bacteria is contracted ■ Bacteria multiplies in the flea ■ Flea's gut gets clogged with bacteria ■ The flea bites a human, regurgitates blood into open wound ■ HUMAN is INFECTED!!

Flea full of Plague-Causing Bacteria

Modern-Day Images of the Plague!! This is why your mother makes you clean your room!!

Black Plague Video http: //www. discovery. com/tvshows/other-shows/videos/filthycities-black-death/

Here are some of the CRAZY ways they had to cure the Plague: Bathing in human urine ■ Wearing of human excrement ■ Placing dead animals in the home ■ Use of leaches ■ Pomanders ■ Chop a snake up everyday ■ Try to fall asleep on the left side of the bed ■ Don't sleep during the day ■ Do not exercise ■ Do not eat any desserts ■

Decline of Feudalism—Black Death ■ Plague killed 25 million people in 5 years (1/3 of Europe’s population) ■ Plague would disappear, then reappear in the 1600 s ■ Effects: wiped out 1/3 population, but those who survived could demand higher wages for labor because there were fewer people to do work—lower & middle classes gained more rights

100 Year’s War

Decline of Feudalism— 100 Years War ■ Beginning in 1337, England invaded France to take over lands that belonged to William the Conqueror (a Frenchman who ruled England in 1066) ■ Began 116 years of turmoil ■ But there were major effects of 100 Year’s War:

New Weapons ■ Longbow— 6 -foot bows that could fire the length of 3 football fields (replaced feudal fighting technique of using exclusively knights on horseback) ■ Cannons—used Chinese technology of gunpowder to shoot 20 -inch stone balls (replaced feudal practice of relying on castles for protection)

Nationalism ■ People looked at the King as a national leader fighting for the glory of the nation-state ■ English people were proud when England defeated France in battle; French people were proud when France defeated England in battle France England

Joan of Arc ■ England & France traded victories for 92 years, but in 1429 a young girl named Joan of Arc had a vision that she could lead France to victory ■ Under her leadership, France defeated England ■ BUT, Joan was captured & condemned to die by fire; Joan of Arc is considered a French hero & religious saint

The Hundred Years War England VS. France

Joan of Arc Video https: //www. youtube. com/ watch? v=xpswyzn-LZA