Unit 5 Evolution What is Evolution Evolution Microevolution

Unit 5 Evolution

What is Evolution? Evolution:

Microevolution Change in a population’s genetic structure over time Change in: alleles/genotype

Causes of Microevolution Genetic drift: Random changes in frequency of alleles in a population Gene flow: change of alleles due to migration into or out of a population Mutation: random change in individual’s genotype Natural selection: survival of the fittest

Which causes of microevolution form adaptations? What is an example of human adaptation?

Macroevolution Massive change to earth causing:

DNA What is the purpose of DNA?

Mutations (changes in DNA) How can mutations affect an individual? How can mutations affect a population?

Changes in genotype How can the genotype of an individual change? How can the genotype of a population change?

Change in Phenotype How can the phenotype of an individual change? How can the phenotype of a population change?

Variety in Populations (adaptations) What are adaptations? How do adaptations form in a population?

Changes in the allele frequency within the gene pool What is the allele frequency? How can it be changed in a popultion?

New Species How do new species form? What must they do to survive? What happens if the species cannot survive?

Charles Darwin proposed theory of natural selection 2. Natural Selection: organisms pass more favorable traits to offspring ensuring survival 1. “Survival of the Fittest” 3. Publish book, “Origin of Species” in 1859

Darwin’s Theories 1. Descent w/ modification: younger fossils are a modification of their ancestors 1. Example: Similar fossils of a species were found in close locations 3. Similar Species share a: 2.

C. Darwin’s Theories 4. Adaptation: trait acquired to survive changes 5. Fitness: ability to pass on favorable traits to offspring 6. Adaptive Advantage: traits that enable a species to survive better in its environment

Peppered Moths