Unit 42 Endocrine System Copyright 2008 Delmar Learning

Objectives • Spell and define terms. • Review the location and functions of the

Objectives • Describe some common diseases of the endocrine system. • Recognize the signs

Objectives • Perform blood tests for glucose levels if facility policy permits. Copyright ©

Structure and Function • Endocrine glands – Secrete hormones – Control body activities and

Structure and Function • Hormones – Chemicals that regulate the body’s activities Copyright ©

Diabetes Mellitus • In the United States – 20. 8 million people have diabetes

Diabetes Mellitus • About one in every 400 to 600 children and adolescents in

Blood Glucose Monitoring • Bedside glucose testing – Very common in the management of

Blood Glucose Monitoring • Blood glucose testing – Common procedure in health care facilities

Glycated Hemoglobin • Glycated hemoglobin – Called “A 1 C” • Test measures blood

Glycated Hemoglobin • Percentage of A 1 C in whole blood is approximately: –

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Objectives • Spell and define terms. • Review the location and functions of the endocrine system. • List five specific diagnostic tests associated with conditions of the endocrine system. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.

Objectives • Describe some common diseases of the endocrine system. • Recognize the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. • Describe nursing assistant actions related to the care of patients with disorders of the endocrine system. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.

Structure and Function • Endocrine glands – Secrete hormones – Control body activities and growth – Distinct glands or clusters of cells – Subject to diseases that can result in hyposecretion or hypersecretion of hormones Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.

Diabetes Mellitus • In the United States – 20. 8 million people have diabetes mellitus – Approximately 6. 2 million of these people have not been diagnosed yet • Diabetes mellitus – Chronic disease from a deficiency of insulin or a resistance to effects of insulin Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.

Blood Glucose Monitoring • Bedside glucose testing – Very common in the management of patients with diabetes • Many individuals perform this testing at home several times each day. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.

Blood Glucose Monitoring • Blood glucose testing – Common procedure in health care facilities • Take care to avoid cross contamination and bloodborne pathogen infection during and after this procedure. Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.

Glycated Hemoglobin • Glycated hemoglobin – Called “A 1 C” • Test measures blood glucose over a 90 day period of time – Provides a snapshot of the patient’s diabetic control Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.

Glycated Hemoglobin • Percentage of A 1 C in whole blood is approximately: – 50 percent from the most recent thirty days – 25 percent from the previous thirty to 60 days – 25 percent from the previous sixty to 90 days Copyright © 2008 Delmar Learning. All rights reserved.