Unit 4 Review Age of Exploration Atlantic Slave

Unit 4 Review Age of Exploration, Atlantic Slave Trade, and Commercial Revolution

▪ This was the movement of animals, plants, and diseases between the “Old world” and the “New World”? ▪ Columbian Exchange

▪ The decline in the native populations of the New World (particularly the Caribbean) lead directly to the start of? ▪ The Atlantic Slave Trade

▪ The theory that states that there is a set amount of wealth in the world and it is the job of each nation to gain as much of that wealth by creating colonies that act as the source of wealth. ▪ Mercantilism

▪ This social class became more politicaly and economically significant due to the Commercial Revolution. ▪ Bourgeoise (middle class)

▪ The fall of this city in 1453 spurred on European exploration. ▪ Constantinople

▪ He is credited with the first circumnavigation of the globe. ▪ Ferdinand Magellan

▪ Which conquistador conquered the Inca in South America? ▪ Francisco Pizarro

▪ This split the globe between the Spanish and the Portuguese? ▪ Treaty of Tordesillas 1494

▪ He was an advocate for Indian justice during Spanish colonial control? ▪ Bartolome da las Casas

▪ He established a trade route between Portugal and India by sailing around the Cape of Good Hope? ▪ Vasco da Gama

▪ Prince Henry the Navigator is best know for? ▪ Establishing a sailing school

▪ Who was the leader of the Inca when the Spanish arrived? ▪ Atahualpa

▪ As a result of Magellan's expedition Spain claimed this colony in the Pacific. ▪ Philippines

▪ This crop arrived in the New World via the Columbian exchange and became vital to the commercial success of the region. ▪ Sugar

▪ The number one killer of the native populations in the New World after the arrival of Europeans was? ▪ Disease

▪ To sail around the globe. ▪ Circumnavigate

▪ What were three reasons for European exploration? ▪ God, Gold, and Glory

▪ Technology that allowed sailors to determine a ships latitude. ▪ Astrolabe

▪ New type of sailing vessel that was faster and sturdier. ▪ Caravel

▪ The name given to the Spanish treatment of the natives by protestants. ▪ The “Black Legend”

▪ An Italian sailor that “discovered” the New World? ▪ Christopher Columbus

▪ The first permanent Spanish colony in the New World? ▪ Hispaniola

▪ The system of trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas ▪ Triangular trade

▪ The Spanish plantation system that exploited the Natives as a source of cheap labor. ▪ Encomienda

▪ The three most important cash crops grown in the New World? ▪ Sugar, Cotton, and Tobacco

▪ Spanish conquistador that conquered the Aztecs of central Mexico ▪ Hernan Cortes

▪ Native American group that is most known for its mound building. ▪ Mississippian

▪ A type of business were investors purchase a portion of the business and in exchange they receive the profits when the business does well. ▪ Joint-Stock Company

▪ Name the two most important chartered/ joint-stock companies. ▪ British East India Company and the Dutch East India Company (VOC)

▪ This native group was never unified politicaly. ▪ Maya

▪ Polytheistic, no written language, Sun god is the chief deity, built using large stone blocks. Civil war and the conquest by the Spanish and disease. All of the above describes which pre-Columbian native group. ▪ Inca

▪ This social group was the top of the Casta (social class) system in Spanish America. ▪ Peninsulares

▪ Which African kingdom was most likely to be involved in the slave trade? ▪ Asante

▪ The idea that a nation should gather as much raw gold and silver is known as? ▪ Bullionism

▪ The leader of the Aztecs when the Spanish arrived? ▪ Moctezuma II

▪ What is the casta (social class) that was characterized by people of European decent but were born in the New World? ▪ criollos

▪ In order to create economic self sufficiency a nation had to have…? ▪ A favorable balance of trade

▪ The king and queen of Spain that united Spain through marriage, completed the Reconquista 1492, and financed Columbus’s voyage that same year. ▪ Ferdinand Isabella