Unit 4 Nationalism An Expansionist Foreign Policy A

Unit 4 Nationalism: An Expansionist Foreign Policy

A. The Rush-Bagot Treaty • Limitation of warships on the Great Lakes • Demilitarized Canadian border • An aim for peaceful trade B. Treaty of 1818 • Northern boundary of the Louisiana Purchase at the 49 th parallel (today’s Canadian border) • 10 -year joint occupation of the Oregon Territory • Agreement to share fishing rights off Newfoundland, Canada’s coast. Good Deal, Britain!

Spain’s Grip on Florida Weakens • Spain’s possession of Florida goes back to the early 1500’s (Ponce de Leon) • Spain allied itself with Britain during the War of 1812, angering the U. S. • Revolutions broke out across many of Spain’s Central and South American colonies between 1800 -1820. • Spain withdraws troops from Florida to put down these rebellions (unsuccessfully)

Hot Times in Florida • Many Indian tribes attack frontier towns and American settlements and retreat back to Spanish territory. (Seminoles attack from FL itself) • Congressional War Hawks desire war with Spain and raids on Native settlements • Andrew Jackson sweeps across the Florida border in 1816: - hangs two Indian chiefs without ceremony, - executes two British subjects for aiding Indians, - and seizes Spanish towns of St. Marks and Pensacola.

How to Purchase Paradise • President Monroe consults his Cabinet as to what to do about Jackson • Many want to punish him to keep the peace with Spain • John Quincy Adams, however, aggressively demands huge concessions from Spain. • The Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 had Spain cede Florida (which it couldn’t defend anyway) and shadowy claims to Oregon in exchange for Texas.