Unit 4 Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Concept 1

Unit 4: Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Concept 1: Analyzing the Processes of Cellular Respiration. Refer to pg 75 -80 in Holtzclaw, Ch 9 in Campbell and media resources Refer to pg 326 -328 in Holtzclaw, Lab 5 in Lab. Bench

Try This! Are these statements true or false? 1. Photosynthesis is the plant’s form of cellular respiration. 2. Plants respire only when they don’t photosynthesize. 3. Cellular respiration takes place only in plant roots, not throughout the plant.

Try This! ALL OF THESE ARE FALSE! 1. Photosynthesis is the plant’s form of cellular respiration. FALSE 2. Plants respire only when they don’t photosynthesize. FALSE 3. Cellular respiration takes place only in plant roots, not throughout the plant. FALSE

How is cellular metabolism relevant to higher levels of biological organization: physiology (breathing, digestion), ecology (communities)?

How is cellular metabolism relevant to higher levels of biological organization: physiology (breathing, digestion), ecology (communities)?

The Big Picture… Cellular Respiration Catabolic ▪ Breaks down complex molecules into smaller ones Exergonic ▪ Releases energy that can be used to do work (such as build ATP from ADP and Pi)

The Big Picture… Cellular Respiration If you released all of the energy in sugar at once, what would happen? ▪ Quick combustion! FIRE ▪ Example: Marshmellows on Fire

The Big Picture… Cellular Respiration Instead, your mitochondria use a series of controlled steps, releasing energy in small amounts at a time ▪ Some energy still lost as heat ▪ The rest is converted to chemical energy in ATP for use in the cell! ▪ HOW? ? ?

Background Info… Reduction/Oxidation Reactions Redox Reactions! Follows the movement of ELECTRONS from one chemical to another “X” is losing electrons “Y” is gaining electrons

Background Info… Reduction/Oxidation Reactions Redox Reactions! Lose Electrons, Oxidize Gain Electrons, Reduce

Background Info… Reduction/Oxidation Reactions Redox Reactions! Classic Chemistry Example…

Background Info… Reduction/Oxidation Reactions Redox Reactions! Cellular Respiration… Do you have any ideas as to how you can harness the movement of electrons to split up cellular respiration into steps? ?

Electron Carriers! Introducing…NAD+, a coenzyme electron carrier NAD+ + 2 e - + H + produces NADH Is NAD+ reduced or oxidized?

Electron Carriers! Introducing…NAD+, a coenzyme electron carrier NAD+ + 2 e - + H + produces NADH Gain Electrons Reduce

Electron Carriers! Also…FAD, a coenzyme electron carrier FAD + 2 e - + 2 H + produces FADH 2 Gain Electrons Reduce

An Overview Cellular respiration has three stages: 1. Glycolysis (breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate) 2. The citric acid cycle (completes the breakdown of glucose) 3. Oxidative phosphorylation (accounts for most of the ATP synthesis)

An Overview

An Overview

An Overview

An Overview

An Overview

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + Energy (ATP + heat) Where can you find all of these reactants/products? To Prepare… Finish Comparison Chart Try Animations and Bioflix! Think of Project Ideas…

You must know… The role of glycolysis in oxidizing glucose to two molecules of pyruvate The process that brings pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria and introduces it into the citric acid cycle How the process of chemiosmosis utilizes the electrons from NADH and FADH 2 to produce ATP The difference between fermentation and cellular respiration