Unit 3 Tomorrows world Word Power Forming abstract

Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world Word Power Forming abstract nouns from verbs and adjectives

Lead in • Compare the following two groups of words and think about the similarities and the differences between the two groups. Group 1: house, milk, driver, game Group 2: kindness, preparation, decision, difference

All the words are nouns, but words in Group 1 refer to physical things and words in Group 2 refer to ideas, actions and qualities. These words are called abstract nouns.

Learning aims By the end of the class, we will: Enlarge vocabulary by applying the rules of making abstract nouns. Know how to use reification of abstract nouns(抽象名词具体化). Learn some words related to computers and the Internet.

Self study Complete the article about the history of one of the world’s most successful online business on Page 46. Answers: 1. _______ 2. _______ development failure 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______ connections achievement improvements

Guidance and Exploration 1 We can form abstract nouns from some verbs and adjectives by adding suffixes. 1. adjectives → abstract nouns Nouns Adjectives Suffix loyalty loyal -ty illness ill -ness reality real -ity

Exercise: kindness we are all saved, and all 1. Thanks to his ____ of us think he is such a _____ kind person. (kind; kindness) 2. The man carried the boy to safety ______ as the train come over, and the boy was safe ____ at last. (safe; safety)

2. verbs → abstract nouns Nouns Verbs Suffix training train + ing failure performance fail + ure perform + ance dependence depend + ence movement move + ment discussion discuss + ion information inform + ation

1. When Julia failed _____ in the exam, her mother told her “______ Failure is the mother of success”. (fail; failure) have disappeared because 2. Many wild animals ________ of pollution. We have to take some actions to prevent the_______ disappearance of wild animals. (disappearance; disappear)

We sometimes need to remove or change the final letter(s) of a word before adding the suffix: verb produce _____ -e + tion production -de+ sion decide _____ -e+ ure please _____ -t+ ce adj. silent _____ silence -y+iness pretty _____

More examples: 1. He had been a talented musician in his youth. 年轻 2. The fight was started by a gang of youths. 年轻人 3. He has the power to make things unpleasant for us. 能力 4. The USA is among the world powers. 强国 5. It is an unusual experience for her. 6. Experience is the best teacher. 经历 经验

Guidance and Exploration 2 Words related to computers Try to recognize the different parts of computers in the picture:

printer monitor speaker screen CD-Rom /DVD-Rom keyboard mouse

CD-ROM / DVDROM drive Hard driver flash disk Mouse mat

Practice: Use some of the words in the picture and the words in the box to complete the poster: Answers: 1. keyboard 2. mouse 3. data 4. CPU 5. e-mails 6. surf 7. download 8. software

Summary Learn the rules of making abstract nouns. Know how to use reification of abstract nouns(抽象名词 具体化). Learn some words related to computers and the Internet.