Unit 3 The Human Body Chapter 6 Organization

Unit 3 The Human Body

Chapter 6 Organization of the Human Body

Life • • • Homeostasis Cells Tissues Organs Body systems Human body

Cells • Cell membrane • Cytoplasm • Organelles

Question • True or False: – Tissues are the smallest living structure in the body.

Answer • False • Cells – Smallest living structures in body • Tissues – Cells with similar function grouped together

Cell Components

Organelles • • • Nucleus Mitochondrion Lysosomes Ribosomes Golgi apparatus (continued)

Organelles • Centrioles • Endoplasmic reticulum • Vesicles

Tissues • • Epithelial Connective Nervous Muscular

Question • Which of the following types of tissues holds parts of the body in place? A. Muscular B. Epithelial C. Connective

Answer • C. Connective • Connective tissue – Holds parts of body in place • Epithelial tissue – Covers • Muscular tissue – Allows movement

Describing the Body • • • Anatomical position Body planes Directional terms Body cavities Abdominal regions

Anatomical Position

Body Planes • Midsagittal plane • Frontal plane • Transverse plane

Sagittal Plane

Frontal and Transverse Plane

Question • Which of the following planes divides the body into front and back portions? A. Midsagittal B. Frontal C. Transverse

Answer • B. Frontal • Frontal plane – Divides body into front and back portions • Midsagittal plane – Divides body into right and left sides • Transverse plane – Divides body into top and bottom portions

Directional Terms • • • Lateral Medial Anterior (ventral) Posterior (dorsal) Inferior (continued)

Directional Terms • • • Superior Caudal Cephalic (cranial) Deep Superficial (continued)

Directional Terms • • • Distal Peripheral Proximal Apex Base

Question • True or False: – The medial side of the foot would be the inside aspect of the foot.

Answer • True • Medial – Toward midline or center of body • Medial aspect of foot would be inside portion • Lateral – Opposite of medial – Away from center of body or toward sides

Body Cavities • Posterior (dorsal) body cavity – Cranial or spinal • Anterior (ventral) body cavity – Thoracic, abdominal, or pelvic • Smaller cavities – Orbital, nasal, or buccal (continued)

Body Cavities

Question • True or False: – The cranial cavity contains the spinal cord.

Answer • False • Spinal cavity – Located within spinal column – Contains spinal cord • Cranial cavity – Located in skull – Contains brain

Abdominal Regions • • • Epigastric Right and left hypochondriac Umbilical Right and left lumbar Hypogastric Right and left iliac

Regions

Question • Which of the following regions is located just below the sternum (breastbone)? A. Hypogastric B. Hypochondriac C. Epigastric

Answer • C. Epigastric • Epigastric region – Located just below stomach • Hypogastric region – Located over pubic area

Answer • C. Epigastric • Hypochondriac regions – Located below ribs on either side of epigastric region

Abdominal Quadrants