Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Objectives: • Describe the structures of the skeletal system and their functions. • Explain how the muscular system functions. • Describe how the human body respires. • Describe how nutrients and oxygen are obtained and transported through the human body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Warm

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 2 - Cartilage: • Cartilage cushions the ends of bones and forms flexible parts such as your ears and nose. 3 - Ligaments: • The place where two or more bones meet is called a joint. • Ligaments connect bones at joints. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 1 -Bones: • Bones are organs that : 1 - Support the body. 2 - Protect the internal body parts. 3 -Allow movement. 4 - Store minerals(calcium) in the outer layer. 5 - Make blood cells in the spongy inner layer which is called marrow. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Exit

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Joints: • Some joints, like those in the skull, don’t move. Other joints allow movement. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Types of Joints: 1 -Ball-and-Socket Joints : allow circular movement, like the joint in your shoulder. 2 -Hinge Joints: allow back-and-forth movement, like the hinge in your knee. 3 -Pivot Joints: allow rotation from side to side, like the joint in your neck. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q 3 -CW 1 Word bank: Back and forth movement. a- Movement in a complete circle Side to side and rotational movement. bc- Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What makes up our Muscular System? • Muscles are organs that contract to produce movement in the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Types of Muscles : • There are three types of muscles in the muscular system. 1 - The heart is made of one type. 2 - The walls of blood vessels and organs are made of another type of muscle. 3 - A third type, the skeletal muscle, pulls bones to help us move. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q 4 C. W 1: • Word Bank: - Heart muscle - -help to move - Organ muscles - -pump blood - skeletal muscles - controls how materials pass through them Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What controls our Muscles? • Muscle movement can be involuntary or voluntary. • Involuntary movements: -Happen without thinking about them, like your heart beating. • Voluntary movements: -Can be controlled, such as running and playing. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? How do muscles work? • Tendons are strong bands of tissues that connect skeletal muscles to bones. • Muscles often work in pairs. • When one muscle contracts, the other muscle in the pair relaxes. • The contracting muscle moves the bone that it’s attached to. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Breathe In, Breathe Out • Organs in the respiratory system bring in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Respiratory System: 1 -Nose: - Air enters the body through the nose or mouth. 2 -Trachea: -Air flows through a tube in the throat called the trachea. 3 -Bronchi: -The trachea branches into two smaller tubes called bronchi 4 -Lungs: - The main organs of the respiratory system, are spongy organs that expand to fill with air. 5 -Bronchioles: -Bronchi branch into many bronchioles in the lungs. 6 -Alveoli: -Tiny sacs called alveoli are attached to bronchioles. They inflate and deflate as you inhale and exhale. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Breathe In, Breathe Out • Red blood cells in the alveoli absorb oxygen. Identify the blood vessels and alveoli. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q 1 C. W 2: • Word bank: Bronchi Alveoli Trachea Bronchioles Carbon dioxide oxygen Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Asthma Attack Constricted Airways • Asthma is an illness that makes it hard for a person to breathe. • During an asthma attack, bronchi become swollen, making airways smaller. This makes it much harder to get air in and out of the lungs. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Asthma Attack Triggers • The exact causes of asthma aren’t known. • Some people are born with asthma, while for other people, smoke, air pollution, and allergies can trigger an asthma attack. Management • People can try to avoid asthma triggers; however, people can’t always avoid pollen or air pollution. • A doctor can prescribe an inhaler, a device that delivers medication to the lungs. The inhaler releases a mist that can help open up airways. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What makes up your circulatory system? 1 -The Heart : -It is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. -It contracts in two phases. - When the top part relaxes, it fills with blood. When it contracts, this top part squeezes blood to the lower part. • When the lower part contracts, it squeezes blood from the heart into vessels and all parts of the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 2 -The Blood : • Blood is made up of a clear liquid called plasma and small structures called blood cells. • Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. • White blood cells help fight disease and microbes. • Platelets stop bleeding by forming clots. • Plasma carries nutrients throughout the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 3 -The Vessels: • Arteries: - carry blood away from the heart. • Veins: - bring blood back to the heart from the lungs and the body. • Capillaries: - Oxygen, nutrients, and carbon dioxide pass through capillaries, or tiny vessels with very thin walls, to parts of the body and into the blood. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company