Unit 3 ADVERB What are Adverbs An adverb

Unit 3 ADVERB

What are Adverbs? • An adverb is a word that is used to change or qualify the meaning of an adjective, a verb, a clause, another adverb. • Traditionally considered to be a single part of speech, adverbs perform a wide variety of functions. Adverbs normally carry out these functions by answering questions such as: When? She always arrives early. How? He drives carefully. Where? They go everywhere together. In what way? She eats slowly. To what extent? It is terribly hot.

Adverbs are often formed by adding the letters “-ly” to adjectives. This makes is very easy to identify adverbs in sentences. • Kind + ly = Kindly • Happy + ly = Happily • Wonderful + ly = Wonderfully • Loud + ly = Loudly • Beautiful + ly = Beautifully Note: Some words that end in ly are not adverbs. Some adjectives end in ly too. 1. Sam was feeling very lonely. 2. She was wearing a lovely dress. 3. It was a very lively party

Adverbs can always be used to modify verbs. Notice that the second of these two sentences is much more interesting simply because it contains an adverb: • The girl waved at her • The dog ran. father. • The dog ran excitedly. • The girl happily waved at her father. An adverb can be used to modify an adjective and intensify the meaning it conveys. • He plays tennis well • Mary is a smart person • Mary is a really smart • He plays tennis extremely well person

Adverbs of Place Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us where things happen are defined as adverbs of place. These adverbs always answer one important question: Where? ? ? The boys are playing upstairs. The dog is in the garden. We’re going to New York City on our school trip. It’s very sunny but cold outside. Put the cake there. After a long day at work, we headed homewards. Please bring that book here. My grandfather’s house is nearby.

Adverbs of Manner Adverbs of manner describe the way something happens. These adverbs always answer one important question: How ? ? ? • • He quickly agreed to go to the store for milk. (His agreement was quick) He agreed to go to the store for milk quickly. (He would go to the store quickly) • • She quietly asked me to leave the room. (Her request was quiet) She asked me to leave the room quietly. (I am not going to make noise when I leave) • • The doctor woke the gently sleeping patient. (The patient was sleeping gently) The doctor gently woke the sleeping patient. (The doctor was gentle while waking the patient)

Adverbs of Frequency Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us how often or how frequently something happens or an action is done are defined as adverbs of frequency. These adverbs always answer one important question: How often ? ? ? • • The children always go to school on the bus. • I’ll never make that mistake again. • I clean my bedroom every day. • Dad polishes his shoes twice a week. • The incubator turns each egg hourly. • We take a vacation at least once annually. I usually shop for groceries on Saturday mornings. • He is often late for work. • We seldom see John.

Adverbs of Time Adverbs of time change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us when, for how long, or how often a certain action happened. Many adverbs of time are the same as adverbs of frequency. There is quite a bit of overlap between these two types of adverbs are defined as adverbs of time. These adverbs always answer one important question: When? ? ? • The train has already left. • We moved into our new house last week. • Our favorite T. V. program starts at 6’o clock. • I’m going to my new school tomorrow • She stayed at her grandmother’s house all day • Later Robin Hood stole the king’s crown

Adverbs of Degree An adverb of degree is used to discuss the degree or intensity of an adjective, an action, or another adverb. Some common examples of adverbs of degree follow. Almost, Absolutely, Barely, Completely, Deeply, Enough, Enormously, Extremely, Fairly, Fully, Greatly, Hardly, Incredibly, Practically, Quite, Scarcely, Somewhat, Terribly These adverbs always answer one important question: How much/to what extent? ? ? • • They were almost finished. • This cake is absolutely wonderful. • The temperature was barely above freezing. • Our driveway is completely frozen. We felt incredibly lucky after winning tickets to the World Series. • My teacher is terribly grumpy today.

Adverbs of Degree Adverbs of reasons or adverbs of purpose express the reason for or a purpose of an action. Following are some examples of such adverbs: Hence, thus, ergo, therefore, so. • • • Krishna was hence neglected by the teachers. She thus opened the door applying little visible force. He, therefore, does not want to talk to me.

Now take the assessment on Adverbs!