Unit 2 Vocabulary The Ottoman Empire founded in

Unit 2 Vocabulary

The Ottoman Empire founded in the 13 th century by Osman, a Turkish leader, who defeated the Byzantine Empire and took control of Constantinople. Lasted until 1922 Empire ruled for 600 years

Sultan Noble title in Arabic cultures meaning “overlord” or “one with power”

Constantinople Was the Eastern capital city of the Roman Empire until 1453 CE, until Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire took it over and made it the Ottoman capital. Known now as Istanbul, Turkey

Suleyman the Lawgiver Ottoman ruler who made the Empire reach its peak size and achieved several cultural and political accomplishments

Janissaries Boys captured from conquered Christian territories who were educated, converted to Islam, and trained as Ottoman soldiers.

The Safavid Empire Shi’ite Empire established 1501 -1736 in present-day Iran Made up of several cultures blended together (Persiansalso known as Iranians, Ottomans, and Arabs)

Cultural Blending When two or more cultures interact and begin to become share characteristics of the other Causes are: Trade Migration Pursuit of religious freedom Conquest

Shah Ancient Persian title meaning ‘King’

The Mughal Empire Muslim Empire that existed in present-day India from 15261857 Descended from Muslim Turks and Mongols

Taj Mahal White monument made by a Mughal emperor for his deceased wife Generally known as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world

God, Glory, and Gold The motivating factors for Europeans to seek new trade routes in Asia from the 12 th-15 th century. Wanted to: Spread Christianity Claim lands for themselves, thus become wealthier Obtain new sources of wealth

Vasco da Gama Portuguese explorer who was the first European to reach India by sea Brought back several riches from India

Treaty of Tordesillas (tor-day-see-yas) When Spain and Portugal began competing for new lands, they agreed to signing the Treaty of Tordesillas This created an imaginary line (Line of Demarcation) that gave Spain and Portugal the right to separate lands

Dutch East India Company Several countries at the time were creating East India companies to establish and direct trade throughout Asia The Dutch East India Company was the richest and most powerful, larger because they largest fleet of ships in the world at that time (20, 000 vessels)

Ming Dynasty Under this dynasty, China became the dominant power in Asia (1368 -1644) Controlled most of Southeast Asia by collecting taxes from other countries

Zheng He Chinese Muslim who led 7 voyages around Asia and Africa Distributed gifts including silver and silk to show Chinese superiority and gain tribute from those countries

Qing Dynasty Formed by the Manchus (Manchooz) from Manchuria, who took over the crumbling Ming dynasty. Continued Chinese isolation that the Ming Dynasty started

Tokugawa Shogunate After years of violence and civil war, Tokugawa Ieyasu unified every Japanese ruler into one centralized government Allowed for over two centuries of stability, prosperity, and isolation in Japan Lasted from 1600 -1867

Definition: Having minimal contact with other countries or being far away from other civilizations Isolation Both China and Japan practiced isolation from the 14 th -19 th centuries