UNIT 2 Understanding sports coaching and physically active

UNIT 2 – Understanding sports coaching and physically active lifestyles

A. O. S 1 * Skill learning principles and practice

Warming up – Part 1 Motor skills can be classified by: ¢ A) Movement precision ¢ B) Nature of movement ¢ C) Predictability of environment ¢ D) All of the above Remember to eliminate what it cannot be first.

Warming up – Part 2 Define what a skill is: ________________________________ ¢

Homework Task Complete questions 1 -3

Stages of learning An understanding of the developmental requirements of learners as they progress towards becoming a skilled performer is vital in developing the most suitable practice sessions, and the most appropriate feedback for the performer. There are 3 distinct stages of learning. ¢ Cognitive (Beginner) ¢ Associative (Intermediate) ¢ Autonomous (Advanced/Elite)

Different abilities – a little bit of fun and which one are you?

Cognitive stage This stage is called the cognitive stage because the beginner is mentally trying to comprehend the movement requirements of the motor skill; that is, ‘what is to be done? ’ ¢ Beginners will ask lot’s of questions and their attention is on movement production and their performance will be inconsistent ¢

Cognitive stage Beginners may lack confidence but will show quick improvement. ¢ Types of practice that are preferred during this stage; ¢ Blocked practice – repetitive practice of the same task ¢ Closed environment – skills therefore are not affected by environmental factors ¢

Cognitive stage – novice shooting a basketball

Associative stage The performer is now beginning to refine their technique and movement pattern. ¢ They are more consistent and make fewer errors. ¢ The performer can now notice their errors and develop strategies to stop them. ¢

Associative stage Improvements are now more gradual. ¢ The performer is more focused on what they need to do and can focus on outside influences; such as, effects of spin on the ball and positioning of the opposition. ¢

Associative stage – intermediate shooting a ball

Autonomous stage The skill is now largely automatic and the performer is no longer thinking about the skill ¢ Elite players can now concentrate on other things such as calling plays while dribbling up the court ¢ Good coaching providing feedback is still evident in this stage. ¢

Autonomous stage – elite level skills

Skill learning continuum It is impossible to distinguish exactly when a performer moves from one stage to the next. Performers at times could go backwards into a stage. ¢ In a sport an athlete can be in different stages of learning for different skills ¢ Cognitive Stage What is to be done? Associative Stage Refining technique Autonomous Stage Focus on strategy and practice

Thinking things through # 1 ¢ ¢ ¢ Now that you have learnt about the different stages of learning I would like you to develop a training program for some specific sports at different levels. You will be given a skill from a specific sport and you will need to research or come up with a sport specific skill for the 3 stages of learning. Cognitive Associative Autonomous You can use google to assist you

RUGBY – Backward pass ¢ Cognitive – ¢ Associative – ¢ Autonomous –

BASKETBALL– Dribbling ¢ Cognitive – ¢ Associative – ¢ Autonomous –

SOCCER – Goal shooting ¢ Cognitive – ¢ Associative – ¢ Autonomous –

Thinking things through # 2 Complete the following questions: ¢ ¢ ¢ Why should motor skill learning be viewed as a continuum as opposed to distinct stages of learning? What differences would you notice between someone in the beginner stage and someone in the associative stage? What differences would you notice between someone in the associative stage and someone in the autonomous stage?

Thinking things through # 3 It used to be rare to find modified sports for children that assist those in the beginner stage. There are many example of modified sports today such as kanga cricket, AFL 9’s, Walla Rugby, Minkey and Tee Ball to name a few. Investigate a modified sport of your choice. ¢ What are the main modifications to your chosen sport? ¢ How will the modifications help to increase participation in the sport? ¢ How will the modifications help to improve the beginner’s performance? ¢ At what age do you believe it is appropriate for children to begin non-modified sporting competition?

Coaching inspiration

VCE PE – Taking it further Now it is time to utilise the skills you have learnt and put your Homework task to the test. • You are to get into groups of 3 and choose 1 of your tabloid sport activities. • You need to record what equipment you will need. • Each station will last 2 minutes. (Brodhi Green is responsible for time keeping) • Groups are to collect their equipment and set up on the back basketball court (Tania is responsible for making sure students are responsible in the storeroom and all equipment is returned) • Try to think about the skill that you are performing and what type of skill it is and at what stage of learning it could be at. • HAVE FUN AND PLEASE BE RESPONSIBLE!!!