Unit 2 Review WWI Causes Operations Effects Americas

Unit 2 Review: WWI Causes Operations Effects Americas People 100 100 100 200 200 200 300 300 300 400 400 400 500 500 500

Causes 100 Why did Gavrilo Princip assassinate Archduke Ferdinand?

Causes 100 Was a Serbian nationalist; wanted Serbian independence from Austria-Hungary

Causes 200 How did European imperialism in Africa lead to WWI? Also, give one SPECIFIC example of imperial conflict in Africa.

Causes n Fought 200 over land/resources in Africa n Intensified rivalries n Caused countries to form alliances n Moroccan Crisis: Germany tried to take land; threat to Britain & France

Causes 300 List four characteristics of militarism.

Causes n n n 300 Conscription Increased military spending Arms Race Increased industrial production Army and military forces are given a high profile by the government

Causes 400 List the two types of nationalism and an example of each type.

Causes 400 n Independent nations’ desire for dominance – Austria-Hungary, Germany, Britain, France n Oppressed group’s desire for independence – Serbia (Slavs and Balkans in general)

Causes 500 With regards to alliances…. the first European alliance, the Dual Alliance was between ______ and _______. It eventually became the Triple Alliance when ______ joined (even though they would switch sides after the ______).

Causes 500 With regards to alliances…. the first European alliance, the Dual Alliance was between Germany and Austria-Hungary. It eventually became the Triple Alliance when Italy joined (even though they would switch sides after the Treaty of London).

Americas 100 Describe two ways in which WWI changed the status of women in the U. S.

Americas 100 • Increased participation in the workforce • Took jobs in industrial sector (previously reserved for males) • Increased economic and social independence • Demanded right to vote

Americas 200 List TWO ways Canada showed their changed status as a British dominion during/post. WWI.

Americas n n n 200 Commanded their own separate Canadian regiment Imperial War Conference Signed the Treaty of Versailles independent from England Joined the League of Nations as their own country Created separate trade agreements with the U. S.

Americas 300 List one cause and one effect of Canada’s Military Service Act of 1917.

Americas 300 Cause: Britain demanded more men from her imperial colonies; Canadian voluntary enlistment dropped as war progressed n Effect: Large exemption rate, expanded military, conscription crisis, furthered the divide between British and French Canadians n

Americas 400 List three reasons why the U. S. rejected Wilson’s Plans for Peace following the Paris Peace

Americas 400 Did not support Article X in the League of Nations that required “collective security” n Conservative/Republican shift n Civilian support n Isolationism n Bigger threat radical political parties! n

Americas 500 Define three specific acts/laws/groups created by the U. S. to prepare for war.

Americas • • • 500 Espionage/Sedition Act: Attempt to decrease opposition of war and protect national security Selective Service Act: Implemented Conscription Food Administration: Managed production, distribution, cost of goods War Industries Board: converted factories to war production Committee on Public Information: increased patriotic support through propaganda, news, etc.

People 100 List four things Wilson proposed as necessary in order to establish a “permanent peace. ”

People 100 No victor n Free/open access to trade and ocean routes n Demilitarization n No alliances n Countries need to protect individual rights n U. S. should oversee democratic transitions n

People 200 Trained and equipped the Canadian militia; was important in fighting for independent command of Canadian troops

People Sam Hughes 200

People 300 Two Canadian Prime Ministers involved in this period: ____ focused on domestic issues like unifying French and English Canada, and _____ focused on foreign issues like WWI and Canadian independence

People 300 Two Canadian Prime Ministers involved in this period: Laurier focused on domestic issues like unifying French and English Canada, and Borden focused on foreign issues like WWI and Canadian independence

People 400 Brazilian president _____ focused military preparation on naval expansion so he created the ____ which combined smaller Brazilian fleets into one large navy.

400 People Brazilian president Bras focused military preparation on naval expansion so he created the DNOG (Naval Division for War Operations) which combined smaller Brazilian fleets into one large navy.

People 500 When German Kaiser Wilhelm II came to power in 1888, he launched Germany on a “new course” or Weltpolitik. List two things that happened as a result of this change in German politics.

People n Broke 500 previous alliance with Russia n Increased support for Austria. Hungary n Increased the desire to colonize – said Germany needed colonies in Africa!

Operations 100 How did the role of the airplane change over the course of WWI?

Operations 100 First used primarily as reconnaissance and surveillance n Eventually add artillery component and improved maneuverability n Used later for dogfights n Eventually developed into strategic bombing n

Operations 200 List three reasons why the Schlieffen Plan failed to achieve it’s aims.

Operations n n 200 Russia mobilized quicker than anticipated (forced Germany into a twofront war) Germany faced more resistance in Belgium than predicted Germany overstretched physical exertion & increasing casualties French plane spotted German movement and exposed right flank = counter-attack!

Operations 300 Why was Germany able to defeat Russia at the Battle of Tannenberg?

Operations n 300 Generals Hindenburg & Ludendorff exploited animosity between two Russian Generals Encircled each Russian group individually at Battle of Tannenberg Forced Russian retreat and massive casualties

400 List one cause and one effect of Italy’s entrance to the Allied alliance in 1915. Operations

Operations n n 400 Cause: They were promised territory in the Balkans if they joined the Allies Effect: Austrians forced to divert troops South, relieved Russia who re-gained 100 miles of territory, allow a launching point to attack Ottomans, promise broken = rise of Mussolini

Operations 500 What was Germany’s goal in the Battle of Verdun? Why did they fail to accomplish this goal?

Operations n n 500 Germany’s goal: attack French so ferociously they would be forced to surrender! War of attrition! Failed: Poor weather gave France time to regroup, difficult to move heavy German guns across torn land, France relied on one major supply line that was never cut, hard to keep track of who held which areas, drew Germany into war of attrition = stalemate!

Effects 100 Name one similarity in post-WWI Brazil and Canada.

Effects 100 Less reliance on Europe and more on the U. S. ; more economic diversity

Effects 200 Which groups were targeted in the Armenian Genocide?

Effects n Christians n Political Dissenters n Armenians, Assyrians & Greeks 200

Effects 300 List three effects of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

Effects 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 300 Allowed Russia’s withdrawal from the war Gave occupied territories in Eastern Europe to Germany Lost huge portion of resources produced in their territory Increased resentment from rest of Allies Allowed Germany to focus troops on Western Front Prohibited their participation in the Paris Peace Conference

Effects 400 List five military consequences implemented in Germany as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.

Effects n n n n n 400 Army reduced to 100, 000 men Prohibited to have tanks or poison gas. No air force The German navy was to have no submarines or large battle-ships Import & export of weapons is prohibited Manufacturing of rifles & machine guns was limited The area known as the Rhineland was to be demilitarized. The Allies were to occupy the debated territories for fifteen years. Germany was forbidden to unite with Austria.

Effects 500 List FIVE events that led to Germany’s surrender.

Effects n n n n 500 British blockade was starving Germany Introduction of tanks American convoy system shut down U-boat attacks Growing opposition and revolution in empires Allied powers launch last offensive on August 8, 1918 (100 days) Increase in American troops (1 M); Germany has no time to regroup Ottoman Empire made peace with the Allied Powers Separate states began declaring their independence from Austria-Hungary