Unit 2 Parts of a Sentence Grammar Journal

Unit 2: Parts of a Sentence Grammar Journal

First Things First… Create a NEW UNIT in your GRAMMAR JOURNAL: It needs: --UNIT COVER PAGE w/Title, Picture, and Color --TABS: DARTS, NOTES, WRITING

Part 1: SUBJECTS AND PREDICATES DARTS: 1. I can identify, use, and understand subjects and predicates.

SENTENCE: (Begin NOTES) A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete unit of thought. It has two complete parts: a subject and a predicate. EX: The cereal is in the bowl. NON-EX: The cereal in the bowl.

COMPLETE SUBJECT: Contains a noun, pronoun, or group of words acting as a noun, plus the modifiers. These words tell who or what the sentence is about. EXAMPLE: A bell-clanging streetcar moved through the turn.

COMPLETE PREDICATE: Consists of the verb or verb phrase, plus its modifiers. These words tell what the complete subject is or does. EXAMPLE: A bell-clanging streetcar moved through the turn.

APPLICATION 1: Draw a two-column chart on your paper and place the complete subject and complete predicate of each sentence into their proper categories. EXAMPLE: Snakes slither. COMPLETE SUBJECT Snakes COMPLETE PREDICATE Slither

YOUR SENTENCES: 1. Wood or cellulose make a delicious meal for a termite. 2. The candidate’s approach to fiscal problems impressed the voters attending the rally. 3. At midnight, the cluster of spiders spun webs. 4. Yesterday, my social studies class visited a Wild West exhibit. 5. The polished green stone tumbled out of her jewelry box.

APPLICATION 1 ANSWERS COMPLETE SUBJECTS 1. Wood or cellulose 2. The candidate’s approach to fiscal problems 3. At midnight, the cluster of spiders 4. Yesterday, my social studies class 5. The polished green stone COMPLETE PREDICATES 1. Make a delicious meal for a termite. 2. impressed the voters attending the rally. 3. Spun webs. 4. Visited a Wild West exhibit. 5. Tumbled out of her jewelry box.

SIMPLE SUBJECTS: The essential noun, pronoun, or group of words that acts as a noun in a complete subject. COMPLETE SUBJECT: Small mice SIMPLE SUBJECT: mice

SIMPLE PREDICATE: The essential verb or verb phrase in a complete predicate. COMPLETE PREDICATE: fit nicely into coat pockets. SIMPLE PREDICATE: fit

APPLICATION 2: Draw another two-column chart. This time, write only the simple subject and simple predicate of the sentences in the chart. SIMPLE SUBJECT SIMPLE PREDICATE

YOUR SENTENCES: 1. Many horror films have used bugs to terrifying affect. 2. Jugs of sweet cider were covering the table 3. A colorful flag hung above the porch. 4. The writer’s children published all of his early poetry. 5. Studies of insects have certainly revealed much about their behavior.

APPLICATION 2 --ANSWERS SIMPLE SUBJECT 1. Films 2. Jugs 3. Flag 4. Children 5. studies SIMPLE PREDICATE 1. Have used 2. Were covering 3. Hung 4. Published 5. Have revealed

APPLICATION 3: Write the following sentences. Then, write whether the underlined word or group of words in each is a COMPLETE SUBJECT or a COMPLETE PREDICATE. 1. Roses are the most popular flower. 2. Most of the dogs on our block are friendly. 3. The first spelling bee champion from our school was a sophomore. 4. Thomas Delgado used to be a teacher here. 5. Who sells tickets to the play?

ANSWERS—APPLICATION 3 1. Roses are the most popular flower. CS 2. Most of the dogs on our block are friendly. CP 3. The first spelling bee champion from our school was a sophomore. CS 4. Thomas Delgado used to be a teacher here. CS 5. Who sells tickets to the play? CP

APPLICATION 4: Write each sentence. The complete subject is underlined. The rest of the sentence is the complete predicate. Under the sentence, write the simple subject and simple predicate in each sentence. 1. That book that we both liked was made into a movie. 2. Kyle nominated me for class president. 3. The second Saturday of each month is when our club meets. 4. The speaker arrived on time. 5. Coyotes often howl from the hilltops.

ANSWERS: APPLICATION 4 1. Book, was made 2. Kyle, nominated 3. Saturday, is 4. Speaker, arrived 5. Coyotes, howl

MAKE YOUR APPLICATIONS LOOK GOOD! Now, INTERACT with your exercises to learn the skills of complete subjects and predicates and simple subjects and predicates. GO WILD!! Write a pneumonic device, draw an illustration that will help you remember the definitions, write a poem, a song…. whatever else that will help you remember…. then, COLOR your activity page in a COOL, OUTLANDISH way!!!!

WRITING APPLICATION: Write @ least a paragraph (eight sentences) in which you answer the following prompt: How is being courageous different from being fearless? Describe a time when you were courageous. Highlight each SIMPLE SUBJECT in PINK and each SIMPLE PREDICATE in YELLOW.

POST IT… SUMMARY: How do YOU identify and find complete and simple subjects and predicates in sentences. Teach this skill to someone else. MINIMUM 3 SENTENCES. POST-ITS are Worth 5 Points.

LESSON 2: Understanding Aspects of Subjects and Predicates DARTS: 1. I can avoid sentence fragments. 2. I can locate subjects in declarative and interrogative sentences. 3. I can locate subjects in imperative and exclamatory sentences. 4. I can identify compound subjects and predicates.

FRAGMENTS: A group of words that is missing either a complete subject or a complete predicate, or both. EX: // the basket of apples (complete predicate is missing) Thrive in the rain forest (complete subject is missing)

ELLIPTICAL: One in which the missing word or words can be easily understood. EXAMPLES: Until Later. Why such a sad face? Don’t be late!

SENTENCES WITH MORE THAN ONE SUBJECT OR VERB 1. COMPOUND SUBJECT: consists of two or more subjects. These subjects may be joined by a conjunction such as and, or or. 2. COMPOUND VERB: consists of two or more verbs. These verbs may be joined by a conjunction such as and, but, or nor.

APPLICATION 5: Write the following sentences. Highlight the subject in pink and the verb in green. 1. The curious horse in the stable sniffed and nibbled at Jan’s popcorn. 2. Will and Ken showed me how to solve the problem. 3. The beautiful geese were honking as they flew overhead. 4. The girl and boy with the best voices got the solo parts. 5. The classrooms on the first floor are all dark. 6. The frightened fawn ran when we approached.

APPLICATION 5 ANSWERS 1. horse; sniffed, nibbled 2. Will and Ken; showed 3. Geese; were honking 4. Girl, boy; got 5. Classrooms; are 6. Fawn; ran

APPLICATION 6: Use each of the following fragments in a sentence. 1. Who left 2. The student 3. Likes getting up early in the morning 4. Went to the park 5. Our car

EXAMPLES FOR APPLICATION 6… 1. I was the person who left the crumbs in the floor. 2. The student who won the trophy was very deserving. 3. My mom likes getting up early in the morning. 4. We went to the park for a picnic. 5. Our car is red.

INTERACT WITH YOUR SENTENCES What can you draw or write to go along with your sentences in Application 6? Come up with something cool that puts them all five together. Then, color it! Compare with your teammates!!!

HARD-TO-FIND SUBJECTS 1. Here and there are NEVER the subject of a sentence. They are usually adverbs that modify the verb by pointing out where something is located. Many sentences beginning with here or there are inverted. INVERTED: There are the buses. (verb-subject order) REARRANGED: The buses are there. (subject-verb order)

AND THEN THERE ARE DECLARATIVE SENTENCES… 2. In Some declarative sentences, the subject is placed after the verb in order to give the subject greater emphasis. Toward the elevated train rushed the evening commuters. (inverted for emphasis)

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES 3. In interrogative sentences, the subject often follows the verb. An inverted interrogative sentence can begin with a verb, a helping verb, or one of the following words: how, what, when, where, which , whom, whose, or why. Some interrogative sentences divide the helping verb from the main verb. To help locate the subject, mentally rearrange the sentence into subject-verb order. Do they own that house? They do own that house.

SUBJECTS IN IMPERATIVE SENTENCES In imperative sentences, the subject is understood to be YOU. EXAMPLE: First, visit the Sears Tower. First, [you] visit the Sears Tower.

SUBJECTS IN EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES!! In exclamatory sentences, the subject often appears after the verb, or it may be understood. EXAMPLE: What does he know! (He does know what. )

APPLICATION 7: DIRECTIONS: Write each of the following sentences and underline the subject of each one. 1. Do you know the phone number of the restaurant? 2. Has your teacher asked you to turn in your report? 3. There is a new principal. 4. Here are the documents you asked for. 5. How were the pyramids built.

APPLICATION 7 --ANSWERS 1. YOU 2. Teacher 3. Principal 4. Documents 5. Pyramids

APPLICATION 8: DIRECTIONS: Write each sentence. Highlight the verb in YELLOW. 1. Do you believe what you’re seeing? 2. How could you do such a thing! 3. In the woods are many brooks and streams. 4. Before the game, tell me about yourself. 5. Leave us alone, please.

Answers: APPLICATION 8 1. Do believe 2. Could do 3. Are 4. Tell 5. leave

WRITING APPLICATION 2: Write an ADVERTISEMENT persuading people to buy a backpack that is leaking green fluid and made your cat angry. In your advertisement, use each of these types of sentences at least once: a declarative sentence beginning with here or there, a question, an imperative sentence, and an exclamatory sentence. Color each of your sentences in a different color. Draw a picture that illustrates your advertisement and color it as well.

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