Unit 2 NUTRIENT CYCLES Mrs Weimer NUTRIENT CYCLES
![Unit 2 -NUTRIENT CYCLES Mrs. Weimer Unit 2 -NUTRIENT CYCLES Mrs. Weimer](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-1.jpg)
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![NUTRIENT CYCLES: ECOSYSTEM TO ECOSPHERE Nutrient cycling occurs at the local level through the NUTRIENT CYCLES: ECOSYSTEM TO ECOSPHERE Nutrient cycling occurs at the local level through the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-3.jpg)
![NUTRIENT CYCLES The atoms of earth and life are the same; they just find NUTRIENT CYCLES The atoms of earth and life are the same; they just find](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-4.jpg)
![Nutrients: The Elements of Life Of the 50 to 70 atoms (elements) that are Nutrients: The Elements of Life Of the 50 to 70 atoms (elements) that are](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-5.jpg)
![A GENERALIZED MODEL OF NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AN ECOSYSTEM The cycling of nutrients in A GENERALIZED MODEL OF NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AN ECOSYSTEM The cycling of nutrients in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-6.jpg)
![Nutrient Compartments in a Terrestrial Ecosystem The organic compartment consists of the living organisms Nutrient Compartments in a Terrestrial Ecosystem The organic compartment consists of the living organisms](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-7.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-8.jpg)
![Uptake of Inorganic Nutrients from the Soil With the exception of CO 2 and Uptake of Inorganic Nutrients from the Soil With the exception of CO 2 and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-9.jpg)
![The Atmosphere Is a Source of Inorganic Nutrients The atmosphere acts as a reservoir The Atmosphere Is a Source of Inorganic Nutrients The atmosphere acts as a reservoir](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-10.jpg)
![Some Processes By Which Nutrients Are Recycled Cycling within an ecosystem involves a number Some Processes By Which Nutrients Are Recycled Cycling within an ecosystem involves a number](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-11.jpg)
![CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS C, H & O basic elements of CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS C, H & O basic elements of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-12.jpg)
![CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS Carbon and oxygen cycle come out of CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS Carbon and oxygen cycle come out of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-13.jpg)
![PHOSPHOROUS CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Phosphorus, as phosphate (PO 4 -3), is an essential element PHOSPHOROUS CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Phosphorus, as phosphate (PO 4 -3), is an essential element](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-14.jpg)
![NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Nitrogen (N 2) makes up 78% of the atmosphere. Most NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Nitrogen (N 2) makes up 78% of the atmosphere. Most](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-15.jpg)
![Sources of Nitrogen to the Soil Natural ecosystems receive their soil nitrogen through biological Sources of Nitrogen to the Soil Natural ecosystems receive their soil nitrogen through biological](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-16.jpg)
![Biological Sources of Soil Nitrogen Only a few species of bacteria and cyanobacteria are Biological Sources of Soil Nitrogen Only a few species of bacteria and cyanobacteria are](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-17.jpg)
![Atmospheric Sources of Soil Nitrogen Lightning was the major source of soil nitrogen until Atmospheric Sources of Soil Nitrogen Lightning was the major source of soil nitrogen until](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-18.jpg)
![Agricultural Supplements to Soil Nitrogen Various forms of commercial fertilizer are added to agricultural Agricultural Supplements to Soil Nitrogen Various forms of commercial fertilizer are added to agricultural](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-19.jpg)
![Biological Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen fixation is the largest source of soil nitrogen in natural Biological Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen fixation is the largest source of soil nitrogen in natural](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-20.jpg)
![Nitrification Several species of bacteria can convert ammonium (NH 4+) into nitrites (NO 2 Nitrification Several species of bacteria can convert ammonium (NH 4+) into nitrites (NO 2](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-21.jpg)
![Uptake of Nitrogen by Plants can take in either ammonium (NH 4+) or nitrates Uptake of Nitrogen by Plants can take in either ammonium (NH 4+) or nitrates](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-22.jpg)
![Ammonification Decomposers convert organic nitrogen (CHON) into ammonia (NH 3) and ammonium (NH 4+). Ammonification Decomposers convert organic nitrogen (CHON) into ammonia (NH 3) and ammonium (NH 4+).](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-23.jpg)
![Denitrification A broad range of bacterial species can convert nitrites, nitrates and nitrous oxides Denitrification A broad range of bacterial species can convert nitrites, nitrates and nitrous oxides](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-24.jpg)
![NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Molecular nitrogen in the air can be fixed into ammonia NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Molecular nitrogen in the air can be fixed into ammonia](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-25.jpg)
![NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS I The role of vegetation in nutrient cycles is clearly NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS I The role of vegetation in nutrient cycles is clearly](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-26.jpg)
![NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS II NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS II](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-27.jpg)
![NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS III NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS III](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-28.jpg)
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![GLOBAL NUTRIENT CYCLES The loss of nutrients from one ecosystem means a gain for GLOBAL NUTRIENT CYCLES The loss of nutrients from one ecosystem means a gain for](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-30.jpg)
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![GLOBAL WATER CYCLE Oceans contain a little less than 98% of the earth’s water. GLOBAL WATER CYCLE Oceans contain a little less than 98% of the earth’s water.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-32.jpg)
![GLOBAL WATER CYCLE The rate at which water cycles is shown in Figure 54. GLOBAL WATER CYCLE The rate at which water cycles is shown in Figure 54.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-33.jpg)
![GLOBAL WATER CYCLE GLOBAL WATER CYCLE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-34.jpg)
![GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE All but a small portion of the earth’s carbon (C) is GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE All but a small portion of the earth’s carbon (C) is](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-35.jpg)
![GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-36.jpg)
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![GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE I 99. 4% of exchangeable N is found in the atmosphere; GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE I 99. 4% of exchangeable N is found in the atmosphere;](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-38.jpg)
![GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE II Humans are adding large amounts of N to ecosystems. Among GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE II Humans are adding large amounts of N to ecosystems. Among](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-39.jpg)
![GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-40.jpg)
- Slides: 40
![Unit 2 NUTRIENT CYCLES Mrs Weimer Unit 2 -NUTRIENT CYCLES Mrs. Weimer](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-1.jpg)
Unit 2 -NUTRIENT CYCLES Mrs. Weimer
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-2.jpg)
![NUTRIENT CYCLES ECOSYSTEM TO ECOSPHERE Nutrient cycling occurs at the local level through the NUTRIENT CYCLES: ECOSYSTEM TO ECOSPHERE Nutrient cycling occurs at the local level through the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-3.jpg)
NUTRIENT CYCLES: ECOSYSTEM TO ECOSPHERE Nutrient cycling occurs at the local level through the action of the biota. Nutrient cycling occurs at the global level through geological processes, such as, atmospheric circulation, erosion and weathering.
![NUTRIENT CYCLES The atoms of earth and life are the same they just find NUTRIENT CYCLES The atoms of earth and life are the same; they just find](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-4.jpg)
NUTRIENT CYCLES The atoms of earth and life are the same; they just find themselves in different places at different times. Most of the calcium in your bones came from cows, who got it from corn, which took it from rocks that were once formed in the sea. The path atoms take from the living (biotic) to the non-living (abiotic) world and back again is called a biogeochemical cycle.
![Nutrients The Elements of Life Of the 50 to 70 atoms elements that are Nutrients: The Elements of Life Of the 50 to 70 atoms (elements) that are](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-5.jpg)
Nutrients: The Elements of Life Of the 50 to 70 atoms (elements) that are found in living things, only 15 or so account for the major portion of living biomass. Only around half of these 15 have been studied extensively as they travel through ecosystems or circulate on a global scale.
![A GENERALIZED MODEL OF NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AN ECOSYSTEM The cycling of nutrients in A GENERALIZED MODEL OF NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AN ECOSYSTEM The cycling of nutrients in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-6.jpg)
A GENERALIZED MODEL OF NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AN ECOSYSTEM The cycling of nutrients in an ecosystem are interlinked by an a number of processes that move atoms from and through organisms and to and from the atmosphere, soil and/or rocks, and water. Nutrients can flow between these compartments along a variety of pathways.
![Nutrient Compartments in a Terrestrial Ecosystem The organic compartment consists of the living organisms Nutrient Compartments in a Terrestrial Ecosystem The organic compartment consists of the living organisms](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-7.jpg)
Nutrient Compartments in a Terrestrial Ecosystem The organic compartment consists of the living organisms and their detritus Detritus-waste or debris of any kind. The available-nutrient compartment consists of nutrients held to surface of soil particles or in solution. The third compartment consists of nutrients held in soils or rocks that are unavailable to living organisms. The fourth compartment is the air which can be found in the atmosphere or in the ground.
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-8.jpg)
![Uptake of Inorganic Nutrients from the Soil With the exception of CO 2 and Uptake of Inorganic Nutrients from the Soil With the exception of CO 2 and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-9.jpg)
Uptake of Inorganic Nutrients from the Soil With the exception of CO 2 and O 2 which enter though leaves, the main path of all other nutrients is from the soil through the roots of producers. Even consumers which find Ca, P, S and other elements in the water they drink, obtain the majority of these nutrients either directly or indirectly from producers. E. g. you get calcium from milk which came from the diet of the cow – producers.
![The Atmosphere Is a Source of Inorganic Nutrients The atmosphere acts as a reservoir The Atmosphere Is a Source of Inorganic Nutrients The atmosphere acts as a reservoir](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-10.jpg)
The Atmosphere Is a Source of Inorganic Nutrients The atmosphere acts as a reservoir for carbon dioxide (CO 2), oxygen (O 2) and water (H 2 O). These inorganic compounds can be exchanged directly with the biota through the processes of photosynthesis and respiration. The most abundant gas in the atmosphere is nitrogen (N 2); about 80% by volume. Its entry into and exit from the biota is through bacteria.
![Some Processes By Which Nutrients Are Recycled Cycling within an ecosystem involves a number Some Processes By Which Nutrients Are Recycled Cycling within an ecosystem involves a number](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-11.jpg)
Some Processes By Which Nutrients Are Recycled Cycling within an ecosystem involves a number of processes. These are best considered by focusing attention on specific nutrients.
![CARBON HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS C H O basic elements of CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS C, H & O basic elements of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-12.jpg)
CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS C, H & O basic elements of life; making up from about 98% of plant biomass. CO 2 and O 2 enter biota from the atmosphere. Producers convert CO 2 and H 2 O into carbohydrates (CH 2 O compounds) and release O 2 from water. Producers, consumers and decomposers convert CH 2 O compounds, using O 2, back into CO 2 and H 2 O.
![CARBON HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS Carbon and oxygen cycle come out of CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS Carbon and oxygen cycle come out of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-13.jpg)
CARBON, HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN CYCLES IN ECOSYSTEMS Carbon and oxygen cycle come out of the air as carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and are returned during respiration. Oxygen is produced from water during photosynthesis and combines with the hydrogen to form water during respiration.
![PHOSPHOROUS CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Phosphorus as phosphate PO 4 3 is an essential element PHOSPHOROUS CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Phosphorus, as phosphate (PO 4 -3), is an essential element](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-14.jpg)
PHOSPHOROUS CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Phosphorus, as phosphate (PO 4 -3), is an essential element of life. It does not cycle through atmosphere, thus enters producers through the soil and is cycled locally through producers, consumers and decomposers. Generally, small local losses by leaching are balanced by gains from the weathering of rocks. Over very long time periods (geological time) phosphorus follows a sedimentary cycle.
![NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Nitrogen N 2 makes up 78 of the atmosphere Most NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Nitrogen (N 2) makes up 78% of the atmosphere. Most](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-15.jpg)
NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Nitrogen (N 2) makes up 78% of the atmosphere. Most living things, however, can not use atmospheric nitrogen to make aminoacids and other nitrogen containing compounds. They are dependent on nitrogen fixing bacteria to convert N 2 into NH 3(NH 4+).
![Sources of Nitrogen to the Soil Natural ecosystems receive their soil nitrogen through biological Sources of Nitrogen to the Soil Natural ecosystems receive their soil nitrogen through biological](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-16.jpg)
Sources of Nitrogen to the Soil Natural ecosystems receive their soil nitrogen through biological fixation and atmospheric deposition. Agricultural ecosystems receive additional nitrogen through fertilizer addition.
![Biological Sources of Soil Nitrogen Only a few species of bacteria and cyanobacteria are Biological Sources of Soil Nitrogen Only a few species of bacteria and cyanobacteria are](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-17.jpg)
Biological Sources of Soil Nitrogen Only a few species of bacteria and cyanobacteria are capable of nitrogen fixation. Some are free-living and others form mutualistic associations with plants. A few are lichens.
![Atmospheric Sources of Soil Nitrogen Lightning was the major source of soil nitrogen until Atmospheric Sources of Soil Nitrogen Lightning was the major source of soil nitrogen until](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-18.jpg)
Atmospheric Sources of Soil Nitrogen Lightning was the major source of soil nitrogen until recent times when the burning of fossil fuels became a major source of atmospheric deposition. Nitrogen oxides come from a variety of combustion sources that use fossil fuels. In urban areas, at least half of these pollutants come cars and other vehicles.
![Agricultural Supplements to Soil Nitrogen Various forms of commercial fertilizer are added to agricultural Agricultural Supplements to Soil Nitrogen Various forms of commercial fertilizer are added to agricultural](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-19.jpg)
Agricultural Supplements to Soil Nitrogen Various forms of commercial fertilizer are added to agricultural fields to supplement the nitrogen lost through plant harvest. Crop rotation with legumes such as soybeans or alfalfa is also practiced to supplement soil nitrogen.
![Biological Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen fixation is the largest source of soil nitrogen in natural Biological Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen fixation is the largest source of soil nitrogen in natural](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-20.jpg)
Biological Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen fixation is the largest source of soil nitrogen in natural ecosystems. Free-living soil bacteria and cyanobacteria (blue-green “algae”) are capable of converting N 2 into ammonia (NH 3) and ammonium (NH 4+). Symbiotic bacteria (Rhizobium) in the nodules of legumes and certain other plants can also fix nitrogen.
![Nitrification Several species of bacteria can convert ammonium NH 4 into nitrites NO 2 Nitrification Several species of bacteria can convert ammonium (NH 4+) into nitrites (NO 2](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-21.jpg)
Nitrification Several species of bacteria can convert ammonium (NH 4+) into nitrites (NO 2 -). Other bacterial species convert nitrites (NO 2 -) to nitrates (NO 3 -).
![Uptake of Nitrogen by Plants can take in either ammonium NH 4 or nitrates Uptake of Nitrogen by Plants can take in either ammonium (NH 4+) or nitrates](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-22.jpg)
Uptake of Nitrogen by Plants can take in either ammonium (NH 4+) or nitrates (NO 3 -) and make amino acids or nucleic acids. These molecules are the building blocks of proteins and DNA, RNA, ATP, NADP, respectively. These building blocks of life are passed on to other trophic levels through consumption and decomposition.
![Ammonification Decomposers convert organic nitrogen CHON into ammonia NH 3 and ammonium NH 4 Ammonification Decomposers convert organic nitrogen (CHON) into ammonia (NH 3) and ammonium (NH 4+).](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-23.jpg)
Ammonification Decomposers convert organic nitrogen (CHON) into ammonia (NH 3) and ammonium (NH 4+). A large number of species of bacteria and fungi are capable of converting organic molecules into ammonia.
![Denitrification A broad range of bacterial species can convert nitrites nitrates and nitrous oxides Denitrification A broad range of bacterial species can convert nitrites, nitrates and nitrous oxides](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-24.jpg)
Denitrification A broad range of bacterial species can convert nitrites, nitrates and nitrous oxides into molecular nitrogen (N 2). They do this under anaerobic conditions as a means of obtaining oxygen (O 2). Thus, the recycling of N is complete.
![NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Molecular nitrogen in the air can be fixed into ammonia NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Molecular nitrogen in the air can be fixed into ammonia](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-25.jpg)
NITROGEN CYCLE IN ECOSYSTEMS Molecular nitrogen in the air can be fixed into ammonia by a few species of prokaryotes. Other bacterial species convert NH 4 - into NO 2 - and others to N 03 -. Producers can take up NH 4 - and to N 03 - use it to make CHON. Decomposers use CHON and produce NH 4 -. Recycling is complete when still other species convert N 03 - and NO 2 - into N 2. https: //wpsu. pbslearningmedi a. org/resource/lsps 07. sci. life. eco. nitrogen/the-nitrogen-
![NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS I The role of vegetation in nutrient cycles is clearly NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS I The role of vegetation in nutrient cycles is clearly](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-26.jpg)
NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS I The role of vegetation in nutrient cycles is clearly seen in clear cut experiments at Hubbard Brook. When all vegetation was cut from a 38 -acre watershed, the output of water and loss of nutrients increased; 60 fold for nitrates, and at least 10 fold for other nutrients.
![NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS II NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS II](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-27.jpg)
NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS II
![NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS III NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS III](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-28.jpg)
NUTRIENT LOSS IN ECOSYSTEMS III
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-29.jpg)
![GLOBAL NUTRIENT CYCLES The loss of nutrients from one ecosystem means a gain for GLOBAL NUTRIENT CYCLES The loss of nutrients from one ecosystem means a gain for](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-30.jpg)
GLOBAL NUTRIENT CYCLES The loss of nutrients from one ecosystem means a gain for another. (Remember the law of conservation of matter. ) When ecosystems become linked in this manor, attention shifts to a global scale. One is now considering the ECOSPHERE or the whole of planet earth.
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-31.jpg)
![GLOBAL WATER CYCLE Oceans contain a little less than 98 of the earths water GLOBAL WATER CYCLE Oceans contain a little less than 98% of the earth’s water.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-32.jpg)
GLOBAL WATER CYCLE Oceans contain a little less than 98% of the earth’s water. Around 1. 8% is ice; found in the two polar ice caps and mountain glaciers. Only 0. 5% is found in the water table and ground water. The atmosphere contains only 0. 001% of the earth’s water, but is the major driver of weather.
![GLOBAL WATER CYCLE The rate at which water cycles is shown in Figure 54 GLOBAL WATER CYCLE The rate at which water cycles is shown in Figure 54.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-33.jpg)
GLOBAL WATER CYCLE The rate at which water cycles is shown in Figure 54. 16 (Freeman, 2005). Evaporation exceeds precipitation over the oceans; thus there is a net movement of water to the land. Nearly 60% of the precipitation that falls on land is either evaporated or transpired by plants; the remainder is runoff and ground water.
![GLOBAL WATER CYCLE GLOBAL WATER CYCLE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-34.jpg)
GLOBAL WATER CYCLE
![GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE All but a small portion of the earths carbon C is GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE All but a small portion of the earth’s carbon (C) is](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-35.jpg)
GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE All but a small portion of the earth’s carbon (C) is tied up in sedimentary rocks; but the portion that circulates is what sustains life. The active pool of carbon is estimated to be around 40, 000 gigatons. Of active carbon, 93. 2 % found in the ocean; 3. 7% in soils; 1. 7% in atmosphere; 1. 4% in vegetation.
![GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-36.jpg)
GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-37.jpg)
![GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE I 99 4 of exchangeable N is found in the atmosphere GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE I 99. 4% of exchangeable N is found in the atmosphere;](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-38.jpg)
GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE I 99. 4% of exchangeable N is found in the atmosphere; 0. 5% is dissolved in the ocean; 0. 04% in detritus ; 0. 006% as inorganic N sources; 0. 0004% in living biota. Figure 54. 19 in Freeman (2005) gives major pathways and rates of exchange.
![GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE II Humans are adding large amounts of N to ecosystems Among GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE II Humans are adding large amounts of N to ecosystems. Among](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-39.jpg)
GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE II Humans are adding large amounts of N to ecosystems. Among the fossil fuel sources, power plants and automobiles are important sources of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in the US. Investigations of native plant and natural ecosystem responses to nitrogen deposition and global warming will be a focus of study. E. g. invasive species tend to be more devastating to ecosystems with high soil nitrogen content
![GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/2951a6789908e825f6d077e304ee09a6/image-40.jpg)
GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE
Solid media example
Melissa weimer
Brett weimer
Brett weimer
Apes cycles
Gersmehl cycle
A terrestrial food web
They are mrs garcia and mrs castro
They are mrs garcia and mrs castro
Mrs. darling was ___________ of mrs. s.
Unit 6 review questions
Dorsal arch veins
Nutrient cycle of a tropical rainforest
Nnn plant protein
Differential media
Binding agent egg examples
Nutrient cycle in the serengeti
Deciduous woodlands
Foods used in nutrition activities should be nutrient-dense
Bray nutrient mobility concept
Nutrient chain foldable
Which nutrient practice was best journey 2050
Chlorsis
Nutrient basics
Classification of food nutrients
Student handout 3 crossword puzzle journey 2050
The term ecosystem was proposed by *
Nutrition defination
Lateral malleolar artery
Parts of a long bone
Tamoxifen nutrient depletion
Nutrient deficiency in tomatoes
Nutrient interactions
Brays nutrient mobility concept
Nutrient agar plate
Chemical substance in food that helps maintain the body
What is fat made of
Four types of salads
Ipns in agriculture
What nutrient cushions vital organs
Are eggs nutrient dense