Unit 2 Gilded Age Westward Expansion Native Americans

Unit 2 Gilded Age Westward Expansion, Native Americans and Industrialization

Notebook: Write down the first five things you notice in the picture

“Manifest Destiny” � First coined by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845. � ". . the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federal development of self-government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth. " � A myth of the West as a land of romance and adventure

Westward Expansion Set in the frontier (line between areas of settlement and those areas dominated by nature and native Americans) � US Frontier consisted of Great Plains, mountains, deserts and basins of the far west �

Discovery of Gold and Silver Miners are attracted to the far west by discovery of precious metals � California Gold Rush of 1849 � Klondike Gold Rush—Gold found in Yukon, near Alaska in 1896 �

Transcontinental Railroad (1869) � Made travel to the West Coast easier � Helped to close the final frontier and open the region to settlement

Homestead Act (1862) � Made federal land available to settlers � Used mostly by Farmers � Farmers had to overcome lack of rain by: -digging water wells -making sod houses -barbed wire -steel plows

Ranchers � Drove cattle on long “drives” across the open range to rail lines

Notebook: Push and Pull factors � Read � In the following push and pull factors your notebook rerank the push and pull factors based on what you think would be the most important reason to head west

Native Americans

Policy toward Native American Indians US wanted to defeat the Indians to close the final frontier and open the region to settlement � Factors that eroded Native American control of the West -Forced removal (Trail of Tears) -Flood of settlers -Warfare -Destruction of Natural Environment �

Indian Wars � Federal troops defeated Sioux and other tribes on the Great Plains and Southwest, forcing them onto reservations � Policy of US govt was to move native Americans to western reservations

Dawes Act (1887) Sought to help “Americanize” Native Americans, had the opposite effect -threatened tribal ways -hunters, not farmers -infertile lands -reservation life � Abolished Native American tribes, and allotted tribal lands to individual Indians who often sold them �

American Indian Citizenship Act (1924) � Granted U. S. citizenship to all Native Americans born in the US

Notebook �The opportunities and conflicts that existed as Americans moved westward consisted of ______, _______, and ______.

Using your highlighter, highlight the following terms in your notes & why they are important: � Dawes Act � Homestead Act � Transcontinental Railroad � Westward Expansion � US policy towards Native Americans

� Write you own verse to Home on the Range about the impact of different groups of people on the settlement of the west. � Your song should have four lines one for miners, ranchers, settlers (farmers) and Indians, describing one important effect that group had on the settlement of the West � https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=w. JJGik. SD 9 ho

Westward Expansion Acrostic � Using poem the word frontier, create an acrostic

Industrialization You will need your Unit 2 notes and something to write with today

Notebook �What are three most important innovations, or inventions, of your lifetime? --write them down in your notes and be prepared to share

Rise of American Industry � American industrialization proceeded at a rapid pace in the decades after the Civil War

Rise of American Industry � Contribution of Government � Protection of property and contracts � Passing of protective tariffs � System of patents fostered new inventions

Free Enterprise System Encourages entrepreneurs to develop new industries and expand them � Individuals are free to produce and sell whatever they wish � People go into business to make a profit �

Free Enterprise System � Prices are set by supply and demand � Inefficient companies that are unable to compete go out of business

Emergence of Modern Industrial Economy in the U. S. � Growth of Population, rise of corporate form of business and skills of entrepreneurs allowed US economy to grow � Development of the corporation as a business organization � No longer just individuals but shareholders with “stocks”

Expansion of Railroads � - Development of the Transcontinental Railroad and other new railroad lines: improved travel to the west Created a demand for steel Tied the country together Created a national market from coast to coast

Technological Progress Bessemer Process in steel production � Electricity gave birth to new industries and inventions: -Sewing machine -Typewriter -Telegraph -Telephone (Alexander Graham Bell) � Oil industry replaced whale industry � All contributed to America’s economic growth �

Complete in your notes � Advantages of Industrialization � Disadvantages of Industrialization � List two

Complete in your notes Advantages of Industrialization � � � National markets New inventions Higher standard of living Cheaper goods Business Expansion Disadvantages of Industrialization Companies go out of business � Loss of resources � Cheaper labor �

Industry Graphs � Working with a partner you will graph the rise of industry in the US � Using primary and secondary sources you create either a line graph or bar graph to represent the information. � Remember to answer question 1 & 2 on the board on your paper in the space provided below your graphs

Graph Question �How did the free enterprise system in the late 1800 s help fuel the rise of industrialization in the US? �Use your notes to help and give two examples from your graphs to help explain your answer

Graph Question 2 � Which of the following factors do you feel was most important to America’s growth in the Gilded Age? -Inventions and technology -Rise of large industry -Relationship between big business and the government � 1. List the factor you choose � 2. Why you think that factor is most important (give two examples from your graph)

To get an idea of the significance of some of the inventions of this period, compare the impact of a few of the inventions today to the impact inventions around the turn of the century might have had on people’s lives. Which do you think had a greater impact on the people of its time: computer or the typewriter? � Which do you think had a greater impact on the people of its time: cell phones or the telegraph? � Which do you think had a greater impact on the people of its time: the Internet or electricity? �

Industry Quiz You will need something to write with.

1. Bessemer Process 2. Railroads 3. Lightbulb 4. Electricity 5. Oil 6. telephone A. B. C. D. E. F. Provided new source of energy Allowed for businesses and houses to operate for longer hours Allowed for mass production of building materials Allowed for the increase in nation wide communication Allowed for a national market and faster transportation of goods Allowed for increased productivity in the home and businesses

Notebook Industry quiz 7. Which of the following did not lead to the rise of Industrialization in the US following the civil war? A. Creation of a national market by the railroad B. Government protection of contracts and property C. Development of the corporate business model D. Reduction in the US population

Notebook Industry quiz 8. All of the following are important aspects of the US free enterprise system except: Entrepreneurs develop and expand new industries B. The government sets prices and supply C. People are free to produce and sell whatever they wish D. Profit drives most people into business A.

1. Bessemer Process 2. Railroads 3. Lightbulb 4. Electricity 5. Oil 6. telephone A. B. C. D. E. F. Provided new source of energy Allowed for businesses and houses to operate for longer hours Allowed for mass production of building materials Allowed for the increase in nation wide communication Allowed for a national market and faster transportation of goods Allowed for increased productivity in the home and businesses

Notebook Industry quiz 7. Which of the following did not lead to the rise of Industrialization in the US following the civil war? A. Creation of a national market by the railroad B. Government protection of contracts and property C. Development of the corporate business model D. Reduction in the US population

Notebook Industry quiz 8. All of the following are important aspects of the US free enterprise system except: Entrepreneurs develop and expand new industries B. The government sets prices and supply C. People are free to produce and sell whatever they wish D. Profit drives most people into business A.

Industrialization Thesis � Which factor do you feel was most important to America’s growth in the Gilded Age? � The most important factor for America’s industrial growth during the Gilded Age was _(factor)__because _(explain why using evidence)__. � You can look in your notes if you need help

� Was the rise of industry good for the United States? � The rise of Industry was (good/bad) for the US because of _____________, and _______.

Notebook Industry quiz 1. Bessemer Process-------C 2. Railroads----------E 3. Lightbulb----------B 4. Electricity----------F 5. Oil--------------A 6. telephone---------D

Notebook Industry Matching A. B. C. D. E. F. Provided new source of energy--oil Allowed for businesses and houses to operate for longer hours--Lightbulb Allowed for mass production of building materials—Bessemer Process Allowed for the increase in nation wide communication--Telephone Allowed for a national market and faster transportation of goods--Railroads Allowed for increased productivity in the home and businesses--Electricity