Unit 2 Energy What is energy Energy is

Unit 2 Energy

What is energy? �Energy is the ability to cause change and DO WORK!

Types of Energy �Kinetic and Potential

Kinetic Energy �Energy of an object due to its motion. �Mass and Speed are factors of kinetic energy.

Potential Energy �Energy that an object has due to its position or chemical composition

Examples of Potential Energy �Gravitational �Elastic �Chemical

Law of Conservation of Energy �Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transferred.

Temperature �Is a measure of the amount of kinetic energy (motion of the particles)

Kinetic Theory of Matter �States that all particles that make up matter are constantly in motion

Motion of Particles �Warmer objects particles move faster than that of cooler objects.

Measurement of Temperature �Thermometer in degrees Fahrenheit and Celsius

Fahrenheit and Celsius

Heat �Energy is transferred from objects of higher temperatures to objects with lower temperatures

Ways of Heat Transfer �Conduction, Convection and Radiation

Conduction �Transfer of energy as heat from one substance to another (contact/touch)

Insulator �A poor conductor of heat

Convection �Transfer of energy as heat by movement of liquids or gases �Warm air, rises �Cold air, sinks

Radiation �Can travel through empty space.

How do we use energy in our daily lives?

Sources of Energy �Available source of stored energy that humans can use

Energy Sources �Renewable and Non-Renewable

Renewable �Can be easily reproduced or replaced by nature �Usually nonpolluting, no greenhouse gases

Examples of Renewable Energy These energy sources are alternatives to fossil fuels! �Hydroelectric �Wind �Geothermal �Biomass �Solar �Hydrogen

Hydroelectric �Energy from large volumes of water spinning a turbine �Negative---flooding of land which destroys habitats

Wind �Blowing wind causes the blades of a turbine to spin

Wind �Negatives--location and weather dependent

Geothermal �Steam generated from the inside of the Earth spins the turbine

Biomass �Living or recently dead organic material �Trees, Crops, Trash

Solar �Energy from the sun

Hydrogen �Most abundant element in the universe.

Nonrenewable �Cannot be produced, grown, or restored as fast as it is used

Examples of Non-Renewable �Fossil Fuels and Nuclear

Fossil Fuels �Coal, Petroleum (Oil), Natural Gas

Coal �Solid, sedimentary rock formed from the remains of dead plants and animals at the bottom of swamps

Petroleum �“Rock oil” �This liquids is used to create gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel.

Natural Gas �Gas trapped in rock formations

Nuclear �Splitting atoms of uranium