Unit 19 lesson 1 English Learning p u

Unit 19 lesson 1 English Learning

p u g n i m War 1. How long have you been studying English? 2. Is it easy to learn English well? By what ways do you think can improve your English? 3. Why do we learn English? Is it important for us to learn English?

We can improve our English by : Learning the words in a dictionary Watching TV in the language Listening to the music in the language Learning from the foreign teachers

First reading The whole structure of the passage. How can we learn it 1 st para. : 2 nd para. and 3 rd para. : 4 th papa. to the last: well in terms of theory? Why do we need to learn English? Some practical suggestions

Read the text again and decide whether the statements are true or false 1. Experts recommend doing 2 hours of extra work once a week. F 2. Listening to an English song several times can help you revise new vocabulary. T

3. There is no point reading the news in English if you have already watched it in your own language. 4. Watching your favorite DVD in English will improve your listening skills. T F

Second reading Read the text and answer the following questions. 1. What has made more and more people decide to learn English in recent years ? 2. According to some theories, what is the best way to learn a foreign language? 3. How can teachers try to create a rich language environment in the classroom? 4. What extra work can you do outside of the classroom?

1. What has made more and more people decide to learn English in recent years ? The growth of international companies and the great advances in communications have started the trend for learning English.

2. According to some theories, what is the best way to learn a foreign language? English learners must be surrounded by the language environment.

3. How can teachers try to create a rich language environment in the classroom? Teachers must make sure that there is an adequate amount of input in the foreign language conveyed to students through various mediums, which means quality language output.

4. What extra work can you do outside of the classroom? Setting achievable targets; listening to English songs; watching the news in your own language and then reading an English newspaper; watching DVD; studying with friends; rewarding yourself.

Blank-filling after the third reading predicted in the 1700 s Many people ____ that English would _____ be the global languages one day, which proved ______ to be the case. With the growing international companies and the great advances in communications, more and more people tend ____ to learn English as the second language.

And the fact is that speaking more than one language make you stand out/outstanding __________. People have realized that in the _______ absence of the native language environment, people can not learn it well. In _____ other words, you have to be _____ by the language. surrounded

Sadly, most of the English learners can not live in the native country, which means we can only depend on our school resources. guarantee rich So teachers have to _____ language _____, input which can be ____ conveyed to students through _______ various mediums. Since extra-curricula work may

accelerate language learning, here are _____ some suggestions to English learners: setting workable ____ targets; listening English songs; watching English DVD; Studying with your friends; and rewarding yourself. Please remember keep to ____ dedicated

Language 1. It was predicted as early as the 10700 s that English Points: would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. 早在 18世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言， 而这一预言在过去的几十年中已经得到了证实。 It was predicted…that…这是一个固定句型，it 为形 式主语，真正的主语是that后的从句，该结构常译为：“ 据预言……。”这种结构常可以替换如：said, reported, predicted • It is predicted that there will be more serious natural destroy the environment. • It is said that he was clever at maths even when he was very young.

2. case 情况 in that case 如果那样的话 I am sure that he will say hello to you. In that case, will you feel embarrassed? in case 万一 Please take this umbrella with you in case of rain.

3. In today’s world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead. 当今世界，要想取得令人瞩目的成就，就要会讲至 少两种语言，包括英语。 • Being able to speak more than one language 是动 词ing 形式短语，在句子中作主语。动词的ing形 式可以像名词一样充当句子的主语。 • Being late for school is one of Jim’s bad habits. • Studying abroad is very difficult in the first few months. • Traveling far above the clouds in an aeroplane is pleasant experience.

4. stand out 鹤立鸡群 • Tom stands out in our class because he always gets the first in math test. • They stood out till victory. 他们坚持到胜利。 • stand for 支持，袖手旁观，准备行动 • stand in • stand up 暂时代替 站起，起立；耐用

5. But sadly, the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English speaking country are small. 很遗憾的是，很少有人有机会生活在讲英语的国家。 • the chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an English speaking country are small. 是 that引导的同位语从句, that 引导同位语从句时，在 从句中只起连接作用，不作任何成分，但不能省略。 • There is a good chance that she will be released without being charged. • The news that our team won the football match was encouraging.

6. The chances that …are small. ……的可能性很小。 The chances that he will be late are quite small. 他迟到的可能性很小。 The chances that parents don’t like their children are extremely small.

7. Therefore, most of us have to rely on what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum. • 因此学习外语，大部分人还是得靠学校的语言 课程来。 • what we can learn at school as part of the school curriculum是一个由连接代词what引导的宾语从 句，what在从句中作宾语，意为“。。。的东西” • I am asking you for what made you so crazy? • Are you satisfied with what the boss said that just now.

8. Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing. • 高质量的输入信息才能保证学生高质量的语言输 出，不管是说还是写。 • whether is speaking or writing. 是whether. . . or… 引导的让步状语从句，意为“不管，不顾” • I am sure we’ll see each other again soon, whether here or in Shanghai. • 不管在这儿还是在上海，肯定我们很快又会见面 的。

• 9. inform sb. of/about/ sth. /that (1). Vt. give information or knowledge; tell 通知，告知， 报告 • I informed his wife of his safe arrival. • He informed her he was thinking of entering medical school. • Keep me informed of/about what happens. inform sb of/about 或 inform sb +从句 (2). Vi. give evidence or make an accusation against 告发 或检举某人 • He informed against the drug dealer. • I’m amazed to hear that she was the one who informed on her husband.

10. stay dedicated 保持专心致志 stay 为连系动词，意为：保持、维持，和形容词 或分词连用 • She always stays dedicated to her work。 • 她对 作总是专心致志 • He is a kind of player who always manages to stay cool, even under pressure 。 • 他是一名即使在压力下也总是能保持头脑冷静 的球员。 • Just try to stay focused on your own goals right now。 • 眼下，要努力专注自己的目标。

Worthwhile 意思是“值得的”，可以单独用作 表语。通常可用在it is worthwhile 句型中， 后面可接动名词，也可接动词不定式。 • I don’t think it is worthwhile. • It is worthwhile discussing/ to discuss the question.

Grammar--- Noun Clauses It was predicted as early as the 1700 s that English would one day be the global language. subject clause. To chances that we will all have the opportunity to live in an Englishspeaking country are small. appositive

What this means is that they make sure there is an adequate amount of input in English. predicative clause Experts say that just 15 minutes of extra -curricula study a day can really accelerate foreign language learning. object clause

主语从句在句子中充当主语, 句子的谓 语动词用第三人称单数。 Why he refused to work with you is still a mystery. Whoever comes is welcome. That he is still alive is surprising. Who will win the match is still unknown.

What he wants to tell us is not clear. Where the party will be held has not yet been announced. Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.

主语从句前的that不能省略, 仅起连 接作用, 有时为了保持句子平衡, that从 句后置, 而由it作形式主语。 That he became a lawyer may have been due to his mother’s influence. It is not true that he has moved to New York.

其他类似句型还有： It + be +important/ necessary/ obvious + that从句 It + be +reported/believed/thought/has been decided + that从句 It + be +a pity/a shame/a fact/a surprise/ common knowledge+ that从句 It + happens/occurs/seems/appears + that 从句

宾语从句在句子中充当宾语, 从句用 陈述句语序, 一般放在及物动词或介词 之后。 I don’t know where the sound came from. Don't be satisfied with what you have achieved.

He has told me (that) he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. He told me (that) he was ill and that he couldn’t come.

command, order, suggest, advise, insist, desire, demand, beg, require, request等动词如果后面加上宾语从句的 话, 从句谓语部分必须用should do。 I insist that she (should) do her work alone. The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.

I hate it when people speak with their mouths full. I’ll see to (保证) it that everything is ready in time. He made it clear that he would leave office soon. We must bear it in mind that we are Chinese.

We thought it a pity that he failed again. I heard it said that he had gone home.

当从句放在系动词be, look, remain, seem等后即构成表语从句。 其基本结构为: 主语 + 系动词 + that 从句。 The trouble is that I have lost his address. It seemed that the night would never end. 表语从句

The fact is that we have lost the game. That’s just what I want. This is where our problem lies. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain.

同位语从句是对与之同位的名词中心 词作进一步解释, 能接同位语从句的常 见名词有: idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, understanding 等。

The news that we won the game is exciting. 　 I have no idea when he will come back home. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.

The fact that we talked about is very important. (定语从句) The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody. 同位语从句) (

Whether he will attend the meeting is uncertain. The question is whether he will come. 宾语从句中, whether常与 or not搭配, 可以说whether or not, 而不说if or not. I don' t care whether or not she will attend the meeting.

whether可用在介词后, 或带to不定 式前, if则不可。 She doesn’t know whether to get married now or wait. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ 11 go back home.

某些动词后面(如discuss) 只能用 whether, 不用if。 We discussed whether we should go on climbing.

Exercises 1. It now appears ___ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how 2. It is good news ___ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how

3. It _____ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. is thought that D. is thought that 4. My advice is that he ____ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept

5. ____ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that Whom that B. Whoever C. D. That who 6. This is ______ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what

7. The question is ___ we can’t go there today. A. that B. what C. which D. when 8. The question is ____ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what

9. The reason is __ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what 10. His proposal is that the dam __ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built