Unit 11 Vital Signs Cui JinBo Department of

Unit 11 Vital Signs Cui Jin-Bo Department of Respiratory Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University

Outline Vital Signs ——Body temperature ——Pulse ——Respiration ——Blood pressure Factors influence V/S

Objectives Interpret the key terms of V/S ★ State the normal limits of V/S Identify factors influence V/S

Introduction Body temperature, pulse, respiration, and Blood pressure are the vital signs. Vital adj. 维持生命所必需的 Vit- =life 生命 Vitamin n. 维生素 Vitality n. 生命力

Body temperature Tools: glass thermometer (instruments) electronic thermometer disposable thermometer

Body temperature Places: the mouth , the rectum, the axilla e. g. The patient's temperature should be obtained by rectum. axilla 复数— n. axillae axillary — adj. 腋窝的 There are palpable mobile axillary nodes.

Body temperature To take the temperature, we use a thermometer n. 体温计 thermo- =heat 热 - meter =measure 测量 thermodynamic adj. 热动力学 thermonuclear adj. 高热原子核反应的

THERMOS

Body temperature The oral method is contraindicated for a small child. contraindicated v. 治疗不当 This drug is contraindicated in patients with asthma. contraindication n. 禁忌症

℉ & ℃ ℉ = ℃ × 9/5 + 32 ℃ = 5/9 × (℉－32) Anders Celsius，1701～ 1744 Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1686～ 1736

Have a try: What factors will affect the temperature? Please read and translate the paragraph.

Pulse Normally the pulse rate for an adult is between 60 to 100 times per minute. bradycardia n. 心动过缓 brady- =slow 慢 tachycardia n. 心动过速 card- =heart, 心脏, 一致 tachy- =rapid 快 electrocardiogram the quality and rhythm of the pulse

Pulse Measure the apical pulse with a stethoscope. : a medical instrument for listening to the sounds generated inside the body. apical pulse 心尖搏动 radial artery 桡动脉

Respiration inhale vt. 吸入 吸气 exhale vt. 呼出 呼气 hal- = breathe 呼吸 CO 2= carbon dioxide di- =two; double 两个；双 dichromatic 使…变成, 分开, 离开 divorce divide

Respiration The patient having difficulty in breathing is said to have dyspnea n. 呼吸困难 dys- = difficult 困难 -pnea = breathe 呼吸 dysfunction n. 功能紊乱 dysuria n. 排尿困难 apnea n. 无呼吸 hyperpnea n. 呼吸过度

Blood pressure Both systolic and diastolic pressures are recorded. mm. Hg= millimeters of mercury 毫米汞柱 Blood pressure is written as 120/80 mm. Hg. hypertension n. 高血压 hypotension n. 血压过低

Useful expressions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 研究表明： Studies indicate… 随年龄增加而降低 decreases as age incresese 心动过缓是指：Bradycardia describes… 心动过速是指：Tachycardia refers to … 被认为是：be considered … 被定义为：be defined as …

Summary Vital Signs ——Body temperature ——Pulse ——Respiration ——Blood pressure Factors influence V/S