UNIT 1 REVIEW NATIONALISM AND IDENTITY Nation People

UNIT 1 REVIEW NATIONALISM AND IDENTITY

Nation • People who share a sense of belonging • When they want to control own destiny (Sovereignty) • Power to do what they want

Country vs. Nation-state • Country • Physical border and one government • Not for the people • Dictatorships • Nation-State • Physical border, government, and a sense of value and belonging for the people

Patriotism • Absolute devotion to a nation • Can lead to “heroism” – the greatest place… • Can lead to extreme nationalism (EX: The Holocaust)

Different Understandings of Nation • Language/Linguistic • Ethnicity – same ancestors • Culture (traditions) • Religion • Geography (things that nature put there) • Relationship to Land (how we interact with the land) • Spirituality • Politics/Civic • Historical (shared experiences)

Two different forms of a nation • Civic Nation • Share common political beliefs • Rights and Freedoms • Ethnic Nation • Shared racial, cultural, or linguistic beliefs is what forms the nation

Shaping nationalism • Revolution • Overthrowing a government for major change • Form a republic • Citizens hold the power • The French Revolution • Desire to change from an absolute monarchy to a republic • Louis XVI massive spending and lack of tax payments from the first two estates

Major Events • Storming of the Bastille • Symbolized the King’s power • Important symbol of the French Revolution • To this day, July 14 th is Bastille Day • Time of Enlightenment • Question authority by divine right • Included second class

France is Broke… • Poor harvest • No tax from first two class • War with surrounding countries • Seen as a way to prop up loyalty to the king • Lavish spending • Marie Antoinette spend millions on food and extravagant lifestyle

So Louis…. • Called Estates General, June 1789 • “Legislature” • Had not met since early 1600 s • One vote for each class • Third Estate disgusted • Locked out of Estates General • Meets in Tennis Court • Oath to form a constitution

Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen • Took away privileges from the king, clergy and aristocracy (2 nd estate) • Government to preserve rights of the people • Egaliter, Fraternite, Liberter • Motto of the French Revolution • Reign of Terror • Killed King Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette and other clergy • Anybody who opposed was killed • Led to Napoleon • Disastrous Russian Campaign

Important Key Terms Cultural Pluralism - Promoting cultural space Reconciling Contending Loyalties - How do you solve competing loyalties? Sovereignists - Separate to form own nation Federalist - Support for national government

First Nations and Inuit • Land Claims • Oka Crisis • Quebec government vs First nations • Reclaiming Inuit Names • Cultural Pluralism • Pow Wows

Reasonable Accommodation • Must respect religious loyalty first over any other within a nation as long as it is not a harm to society • Kirpan would not be accommodated on an airplane • Hutterites/Mennonites have been allowed to be exempt from military service as well as from having their pictures on their driver’s licenses • Accepting Sharia Law is NOT considered a reasonable • request for accommodation in Canadian society

July 1 st in Newfoundland (Example of a Contending Loyalty) • Memorial Day • Before Newfoundland was part of Canada, self-governing British Dominion • 1916 – July 1 st – Newfoundland regiment lost 324 soldiers in battle at Beaumont-Hamel • Contending Nationalist Loyalty • Canada Day vs. Memorial Day

Non-nationalist Loyalties • Religious • Regional • Oil in Alberta • Class Loyalty • Ethnic Loyalty

Examples of Non-Nationalist Loyalties • Northern Ireland • Segregation • National Energy Program • Can you think of others? ? ?