Unit 1 Matter Measurement Section 3 The Metric

Unit 1: Matter & Measurement Section 3: The Metric System

The Metric System • The metric system is a measurement system based on our decimal (base 10) number system. • Other countries and all scientists and engineers use the metric system for measurement.

Metric Prefixes • The metric system has prefix modifiers that are multiples of 10. Prefix Symbol Factor Number Factor Word Kilo- k 1000 Thousand Hecto. Deca. Base Deci. Centi. Milli- h da or dk m, L, or g d c m 100 10 1. 1. 001 Hundred Ten One Tenth Hundredth thousandth

Place Values of Metric Prefixes cm cg c. L Thousandth dm dg d. L Hundredth m g L Tenth dam dag da. L One hm hg h. L Ten Hundred Thousand km kg k. L mm mg m. L

Meters • Meters measure length or distance • One millimeter (mm) is about the thickness of a dime.

Meters • One centimeter (cm) is about the width of a large paper clip • or your fingernail.

Meters • 1 meter (m) is about the width of a doorway

Meters • 1 kilometer (km) is about six city blocks or 10 football fields. • 1. 6 kilometers is about 1 mile

Grams • Grams are used to measure - mass (the amount of matter in an object) - weight (the pull of gravity on an object)

Grams • 1 milligram (mg) weighs about as much as a grain of salt. • 1 gram (g) weighs about as much as a small paper clip.

Grams • 1 kilogram (kg) weighs about as much as 6 apples or 2 pounds.

Liters • Liters measure volume (the amount of space something occupies). • 1 milliliter (m. L) is approximately 20 drops from a medicine dropper or 1 sugar cube

Liter • 1 liter (L) is half of a 2 liter bottle of soda • 1 kiloliter (k. L) would be about 500 2 -liter bottles of soda

Which unit would you use to measure the length of this bicycle? Meter (m)

Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a penny? Gram (g)

Which unit would you use to measure the water in an aquarium? Liter (L)

Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a feather? Milligram (mg)

Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a student desk? Kilogram (kg)

Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a whole watermelon? Kilogram (kg)

Which unit would you use to measure the mass of an egg? Gram (g)

Which unit would you use to measure the volume of a can of soup? Mililiters (m. L)

Which unit would you use to measure the height of a tree? Meter (m)

Which unit would you use to measure the length of a bracelet? Centimeter (cm)

Metric Unit Conversions • To change from one unit to another in the metric system you simply multiply or divide by a power of 10.

Metric Unit Conversions To change from a larger unit to a smaller unit, you need to multiply, or move the decimal to the right. 1 km x 1000 = 1000 m 1 m x 100 = 100 cm 1 cm x 10 = 10 mm

Metric Unit Conversions 103 102 101 kilo hecto deka g m L 10 -1 Base unit 10 -2 deci 1 10 -3 centi 2 milli 3 18 L 18 liters = 18 000 milliliters Example #1: Convert 18 liters to milliliters

Metric Unit Conversions To change from smaller units to larger units you divide by a power of ten, or move the decimal to the left. 1000 mm ÷ 10 = 100 cm ÷ 10 = 10 dm ÷ 10 = 1 m

Metric Conversions 103 102 101 kilo hecto deka g m L 10 -1 Base unit 10 -2 deci 3 10 -3 centi 2 milli 1 450 mg = 0. 450 g Example #2: Convert 450 milligrams to grams 450 mg

Metric Conversions 103 kilo 20 kg 102 101 hecto deka 1 2 g m L 10 -1 Base unit 3 10 -2 deci 4 10 -3 centi 5 milli 6 20 kg = 20 000 mg Example #3: Convert 20 kilograms to milligrams