Unit 1 Grammar e mood subjunctive mood EL

Unit 1 Grammar e mood subjunctive mood 山鹰之歌EL CONDOR PASA

I'd rather be a sparrow than a snail. Yes I would. If I could, I surely would. I'd rather be a hammar than a nail. Yes I would. If I only could, I surely would. Away, I'd rather sail away. Like a swan that's here and gone. A man gets tied his feet to the ground. He gives the world. It's saddest sound, I'd rather be a forest than a street. Yes I would. If I could, I surely would. I'd rather feel the earth beneath my feet, Yes I would. If I only could, I surely would.

Q: What’s the difference between the two sentences? If I am free, I will visit you. (真实条件句） → → If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句）

What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would…

If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）

If I won the lottery, I would buy a villa. （与现在事实相反）

If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school. （与过去事实相反）

If he _____ had driven more carefully, he _________ would not have had the car accident yesterday. （与过去事实相反）

If I ____ had learnt how to swim, would not have been trapped in I _________ this island. （与过去事实相反）

假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？ If he were to come, what should we say to him. 假如他看见我, 就会认识我。 If he should see me, he would know me.

1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气 时 间 过去 现在 If 条件句 had done 主 句 would should could might would 助动词 be用 were should 实义动词 do 用 did could might did / were 将来 should do were to do +have done sth + do sth would should + do sth could Might

1. If I were you, I ____ C buy the house right now. 2. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t 2. _____more careful, his ship would not have B sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he A ____me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able

1. 我们建议Tom去休息一下。 2. 他坚决要求我到场。 3. 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 4. 他们要求我们派他们去那儿 作。 1. We suggested that Tom should have a rest. 2. He insisted that I (should) be present. 3. The king ordered that the prisoners Should be killed the next day. 4. They requested that we should send them to work there.

注意： • Insist “坚持，坚持主张（认为)” 强调事实 或经验，用陈述语气 • I insisted that It was an accident. • suggest “暗示, 启发”用陈述语气。 • The look on his face suggested that he was unhappy.

• 汤姆坚持说他没有偷那块手表。 • Tom insisted that he hadn’t stolen the watch. • 他的微笑表明他在考试中成功了 • His smile suggested that he had succeeded in this exam.

2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包 括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用 虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire • It’s suggested that the plan be carried out. • My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. • All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.

• 我们接受了他的建议：我们应该请求老师的帮助 • We followed his advice that we should ask our teacher for help. • 他告诉了我们他的想法：他想上大学。 • He told us his idea that he should go to university. • 他的建议就是我们的 作要更细心些。 • His suggestion is that we should do our work more carefully. • 他们的计划就是在家乡建一座新 厂 • Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. • 已经决定会议推迟到下星期六 • It has been decided that the meeting be put off till next Saturday. • 有人提议这事下次会议再讨论。 • It was proposed that this matter be considered at the next meeting.

3、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法； 1）wish + 宾语从句 现在： 过去： 未来： 过去时 (did/were) 过去完成时 (had done) would/could/might+V. should • I wish I were a bird. (现在) • I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake. (过去) • We wish our parents wouldn’t punish us. (未来)

现在：过去时 2）would rather that - 过去： 过去完成时 未来： 过去时 • I would rather you paid me now. (现在) • I would rather you had gone, too. (过去) • Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来)

3） as if /though + 从句 现在：过去时 过去：过去完成时 • She loves the baby as if it were her own son. • It seems as if it were spring. • I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday. • They talked as if they had been friends for years. • He looks as if he were drunk.

4). It’s high time +that - 过去时 should +V. 你该走了。 It’s high time that you went. It’s high time that you should go. 我们该睡觉了。 It’s time that we went to bed. It’s time that we should go to bed.

5）without和but for 构成虚拟。(but for要不是) • Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. • But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. • But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.

6）If only …(要是…就好了) If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again! • 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 If only our parents could live with us! • 要是我没错过火车就好了！ If only I hadn’t missed the

8）It’s necessary /natural/ important /imperative/proper/ urgent+ that --- “ 做某 事是必要的或重要的 ” 、理应 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原 形 1. It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. 2. It’s necessary that we（ should ）study hard. 3. It is proper that she refuse the offer.

It’s a pity/strange /wonderful/no wonder/funny/ a matter of regret that • “情绪方面的主观看法 ”惊异、惋惜、遗憾 （should) 竟然，居然 • It is strange that she should marry such a man. • It is a pity that the boy should be so proud.

• 我们先把功课学好很重要。 • It is important that we should do well in our lessons first. • 很奇怪，他竟没有来。 • It is strange that he should not come. • 真遗憾我们昨天晚上没有见过面。 • It is a pity that we should not meet last night. • 我们竟要受责备真让人烦恼。 • It worries me that we should be blamed for that.

精选习题 B 1. The volleyball match will be put off if it _____. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained B 2. You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired. A. drove…didn’t get B. had driven…wouldn’t have got C. drove…wouldn’t get D. were driving…wouldn’t get

3. If you _____ him yesterday, you _____ what to do D now. A. asked … would know B. had asked … would have known C. asked him … know D. had asked … would know C 4. What would have happened, _____ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther

5. How I wish every family _____ a large B house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. has B. had C. will have D. had 6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, C it looks as if it ____. (95 N) A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken

. 7 - Do you mind if I leave the window open? B - Well, I’d rather you _____. A. don’t B. didn’t D C. won’t D. mustn’t 8. It’s half past eleven. It’s high time _____ home. A. we’ll B. we’d C. we’re going D. we went

虚拟语气典型考题 10例 • • 1. “I still haven’t thanked Aunt Lucy for her B present. ” “It’s time you ____. ” • A. Do B. did C. had D. would • 2. “I’ve told everyone about it. ” “Oh, I’d rather you ____. ” B • A. Don’t B. hadn’t C. couldn’t D. wouldn’t • 3. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we ____ there by tomorrow. A • A. can’t get B. won’t get C. hadn’t got D. wouldn’t get

• 4. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ D something she would regret later. • A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have said • 5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he D ____ at once. • A. should be; be operated on • B. were; must be operated on • C. was; should be operated • D. was; be operated on • 6. I forget where I read the article, or I ____ it to you now. B • A. will show B. would show • C. am going to show D. am showing

• 7. —Why didn’t you go to yesterday’s meeting? • —I would have but I ____ too busy working B on the important experiment. • A. had been B. was C. were D. am • 8. —Don’t you think it necessary that he B ____ to Miami but to New York? B • — I agree, but the problem is ____ he has refused to. • A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that • C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what • 9. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ____ put forward are turned down. C • A. could B. would C. 不填 D. had

• 10. ____ fired, your health care and B other benefits will not be immediately cut off. • A. Would you be B. Should you be • C. Could you be D. Might you be