Unit 1 Classifying Matter Notes Flow chart Pure

Pure Substances (elements and compounds) 1. EVERY SAMPLE of a given pure substance has

Mixture – 1. Not the same as a compound. Usually composed of several substances.

1. Homogeneous mixtures – also called solutions have the same composition throughout. Ex: salt

2. Heterogeneous mixtures – the composition is NOT the same throughout; Ex: blue cheese

Learning Check: Identify the following as pure substances (p) or mixtures (m): P Oxygen

Learning Check: Classify the following as Homogeneous (ho) or Heterogenous mixtures (he) Ho Pure

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 1. Distillation – based on differences in boiling point: separating

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 2. Filtration – based on differences in solubility and particle

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 3. Chromatography – based on differences in polarity Example Video

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 4. Magnetism – separating iron and sand

Chemical Separation: Separates COMPOUNDS Electrolysis – a method of separating compounds (pure substances). This

Learning Check Which method would be appropriate for separating these mixtures? Filtration ________ Sawdust

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Unit 1 Classifying Matter Notes

Flow chart

Pure Substances (elements and compounds) 1. EVERY SAMPLE of a given pure substance has EXACTLY THE SAME characteristic properties. a. Boiling point b. Freezing point c. Melting point d. Density 2. Can NOT BE SEPARATED by PHYSICAL means Ex: water always has a boiling point of 100 C, melting point of 0 C, freezing point of 0 C and a density of l. 00 g/ml. Other pure substances have their own individual characteristics (bp, mp, fp, density)

Mixture – 1. Not the same as a compound. Usually composed of several substances. 2. CAN be separated by PHYSICAL means 2 kinds of mixtures

1. Homogeneous mixtures – also called solutions have the same composition throughout. Ex: salt water

How Solutions are Made…

2. Heterogeneous mixtures – the composition is NOT the same throughout; Ex: blue cheese dressing, sand water, trail mix

Learning Check: Identify the following as pure substances (p) or mixtures (m): P Oxygen (O 2) ___ M Lemonade ___ M Snickers bar ___ P Distilled water ___ P Dry ice ___ M Soil ___

Learning Check: Classify the following as Homogeneous (ho) or Heterogenous mixtures (he) Ho Pure Air ___ He Salsa ___ He Chocolate chunk ice cream ___ Ho Ink ___ Ho Blood ___ He Chicken noodle soup ___

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 1. Distillation – based on differences in boiling point: separating a mixture of alcohol and water. Alcohol has a lower boiling point than water so it will boil off sooner. Both substances will be retained

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 2. Filtration – based on differences in solubility and particle size -liquid is passed through materials with very small holes to strain out particles.

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 3. Chromatography – based on differences in polarity Example Video

Physical Separation: Separates MIXTURES 4. Magnetism – separating iron and sand

Chemical Separation: Separates COMPOUNDS Electrolysis – a method of separating compounds (pure substances). This is NOT a physical separation, but a chemical separation using electricity. Water hydrogen + oxygen

Learning Check Which method would be appropriate for separating these mixtures? Filtration ________ Sawdust and water ________ Nails and dirt Magnetism ________ Water and vinegar Distillation